Europe’s automotive industry shapes jobs, investment, and consumer choice across the EU, with demand and production concentrated in key hubs. This page tracks how passenger-car output and new registrations evolve, how commercial-vehicle volumes change, and how emissions trends reflect the move toward lower-emission vehicles. It also connects infrastructure growth with country-level performance, highlighting differences across Germany, France, and Italy in revenue, employment, and trade.
Key Takeaways
- In 2023, EU BEV sales reached 1.5 million units, 14.6% market share
- EU CO2 emissions from new cars averaged 108.3 g/km in 2023, up 1.7% from 2022
- Germany BEV registrations: 524,000 in 2023, 18.4% share
- In 2023, the EU automotive sector employed 13.8 million people directly and indirectly
- Germany had 866,000 direct automotive jobs in 2022, largest in EU
- France employed 620,000 in automotive manufacturing in 2023
- EU automotive sector revenue: €1.2 trillion in 2023
- Germany's auto industry turnover: €484 billion in 2023
- EU automotive trade surplus: €89 billion in 2022
- In 2023, the European Union passenger car production reached 13.1 million units, marking a 0.9% increase from 2022
- Germany led EU passenger car production with 4.11 million units in 2023, accounting for 31.4% of total EU output
- EU commercial vehicle production totaled 2.54 million units in 2023, up 4.6% year-on-year
- In 2023, new passenger car registrations in the EU totaled 10.5 million units, down 0.8% from 2022
- Germany registered 2.86 million new passenger cars in 2023, 27% of EU total
- France saw 1.77 million new car registrations in 2023, up 12.5%
In 2023, EV adoption and charging grew, while new car registrations dipped and production rose.
Related reading
01 · Category
Ev And Sustainability25 stats
01
In 2023, EU BEV sales reached 1.5 million units, 14.6% market share
02
EU CO2 emissions from new cars averaged 108.3 g/km in 2023, up 1.7% from 2022
03
Germany BEV registrations: 524,000 in 2023, 18.4% share
04
EU charging points for EVs grew to 882,000 in 2023, +38%
05
France PHEV sales: 238,000 in 2023, 13.5% share
06
EU zero-emission vehicle mandate targets 35% sales by 2026
07
Sweden BEV market share: 37% in 2023
08
EU battery production capacity reached 200 GWh in 2023
09
Netherlands BEV share: 24% of new sales 2023
10
EU recycled automotive materials: 95% by weight in 2023
11
Germany's CO2 fleet average: 112 g/km in 2023
12
EU fast chargers (>50kW): 185,000 in 2023, +55%
13
Italy electrified vehicle share: 9.4% in 2023
14
EU 2035 ban on new CO2-emitting cars approved
15
Spain BEV sales: 70,000 units in 2023, 6.6% share
16
EU hydrogen refueling stations: 178 in 2023
17
Poland EV registrations: 25,000 BEVs in 2023
18
EU automotive carbon footprint reduction: 25% targeted by 2030
19
Czech EV share: 4.5% in 2023
20
EU biofuel use in transport: 7.3% in 2022
21
Slovakia BEV sales: 8,000 in 2023
22
EU public transport electrification: 15% of new buses electric in 2023
23
Romania EV market: 12,000 units in 2023
24
EU tyre recycling rate: 90% in 2023
25
Hungary PHEV share: 12% in 2023
Interpretation
Ev And Sustainability Interpretation
With EU BEV sales hitting 1.5 million units in 2023 and EV charging points rising to 882,000, Europe is clearly accelerating EV adoption, even as average new car CO2 emissions edged up to 108.3 g/km, keeping sustainability progress tightly tied to how quickly low emission vehicles scale toward the 35% zero emission sales target by 2026.
02 · Category
Employment Data28 stats
01
In 2023, the EU automotive sector employed 13.8 million people directly and indirectly
02
Germany had 866,000 direct automotive jobs in 2022, largest in EU
03
France employed 620,000 in automotive manufacturing in 2023
04
Automotive sector contributed 7% to Germany's total employment in 2023
05
EU automotive R&D personnel numbered 450,000 in 2022
06
Spain's automotive industry employed 135,000 directly in 2023
07
Italy had 510,000 automotive jobs in 2023, including suppliers
08
Between 2019-2022, EU automotive lost 70,000 jobs due to transition
09
Czech Republic automotive employment: 130,000 in 2023
10
Slovakia's sector employed 120,000, 5% of workforce in 2023
11
Poland automotive jobs: 200,000 in 2023
12
Hungary: 100,000 automotive employees in 2023
13
Romania: 85,000 direct jobs in 2023
14
Sweden: 140,000 employed in automotive cluster in 2023
15
UK automotive direct employment: 183,000 in 2023
16
Automotive apprenticeships in Germany: 45,000 new starts in 2023
17
EU female employment in automotive: 22% in 2022
18
Average automotive wage in EU: €45,000 annually in 2023
19
France automotive R&D jobs: 120,000 in 2023
20
Spain supplier network employs 1.3 million indirectly
21
Italy engineering jobs in auto: 150,000 in 2023
22
Portugal auto jobs: 45,000 in 2023
23
Netherlands: 35,000 direct auto jobs in 2023
24
Austria: 55,000 employed in 2023
25
Belgium: 60,000 direct manufacturing jobs 2023
26
Finland: 25,000 auto-related jobs 2023
27
Greece: 12,000 jobs in 2023
28
EU battery gigafactory jobs projected 800,000 by 2025
Interpretation
Employment Data Interpretation
The employment data show that Europe’s auto industry is a major job engine, with the EU employing 13.8 million people directly and indirectly in 2023 and Germany and France alone accounting for 866,000 direct jobs in 2022 and 620,000 manufacturing jobs in 2023.
03 · Category
Financial And Economic Impact26 stats
01
EU automotive sector revenue: €1.2 trillion in 2023
02
Germany's auto industry turnover: €484 billion in 2023
03
EU automotive trade surplus: €89 billion in 2022
04
France automotive revenue: €130 billion in 2023
05
EU car manufacturing added value: 2.3% of EU GDP in 2022
06
Spain auto sector GDP contribution: 10% in 2023
07
Italy automotive exports: €50 billion in 2023
08
EU R&D investment in auto: €65 billion annually
09
UK automotive exports: £51 billion in 2023
10
Poland auto parts exports: €12 billion in 2023
11
EU automotive tax contributions: €300 billion yearly
12
Czech auto exports: €20 billion in 2023
13
Slovakia industry FDI: €25 billion cumulative in auto
14
Hungary auto GDP share: 6% in 2023
15
Romania exports 90% of production, €10 billion in 2023
16
Sweden auto cluster turnover: SEK 500 billion in 2023
17
EU supplier industry revenue: €700 billion in 2023
18
Average EU car price: €28,500 in 2023, up 8%
19
Germany's auto profit margin: 6.2% in 2023
20
EU EV subsidy spending: €15 billion in 2023
21
France PSA turnover: €85 billion in 2023
22
Spain investments announced: €9 billion by 2025
23
Italy Fiat revenue: €40 billion in 2023
24
EU auto investment: €50 billion planned for 2024-2028
25
Portugal auto exports: €5 billion in 2023
26
Netherlands lease market: 40% of sales, €20 billion
Interpretation
Financial And Economic Impact Interpretation
In the financial and economic impact lens, Europe’s automotive sector generated €1.2 trillion in revenue in 2023 and delivered a trade surplus of €89 billion in 2022, underscoring its strong role in regional growth and competitiveness.
More related reading
04 · Category
Production Statistics30 stats
01
In 2023, the European Union passenger car production reached 13.1 million units, marking a 0.9% increase from 2022
02
Germany led EU passenger car production with 4.11 million units in 2023, accounting for 31.4% of total EU output
03
EU commercial vehicle production totaled 2.54 million units in 2023, up 4.6% year-on-year
04
France produced 1.82 million passenger cars in 2023, representing 13.9% of EU total production
05
In 2022, EU light commercial vehicle production hit 2.1 million units, a 6.2% rise from 2021
06
Spain's automotive production volume was 2.78 million vehicles in 2023, making it the second-largest in Europe
07
EU passenger car production capacity utilization stood at 75% in 2023, affected by supply chain issues
08
Italy manufactured 1.02 million vehicles in 2023, with a focus on premium segments
09
In Q1 2024, EU car production grew 0.5% to 3.3 million units compared to Q1 2023
10
Czech Republic produced 1.38 million vehicles in 2023, highly dependent on foreign brands like Skoda
11
EU heavy truck production reached 313,000 units in 2023, up 2.1%
12
Slovakia's vehicle production was 1.05 million units in 2023, per capita highest in EU
13
In 2023, EU bus and coach production totaled 28,400 units, down 1.4% from 2022
14
Hungary produced 452,000 vehicles in 2023, driven by Audi and BMW plants
15
Poland's automotive output was 585,000 cars in 2023, focusing on components
16
Romania manufactured 433,000 vehicles in 2023, led by Dacia
17
Sweden's Volvo Cars production was 661,000 units in 2023
18
In 2023, EU engine production for passenger cars was 11.2 million units
19
Austria produced 142,000 vehicles in 2023, mainly premium brands
20
Belgium's output included 248,000 vehicles in 2023, with Volvo and Audi
21
In 2023, EU all-electric vehicle production surged 45% to 1.4 million units
22
Portugal's automotive production reached 340,000 units in 2023, boosted by EV assembly
23
Finland produced 12,000 vehicles in 2023, niche markets
24
Greece had minimal production at 1,200 units in 2023
25
Bulgaria produced 4,500 vehicles in 2023, emerging sector
26
Denmark's production was negligible at under 1,000 units in 2023
27
Ireland produced no major vehicles, focusing on components in 2023
28
Netherlands vehicle assembly was 85,000 units in 2023
29
In 2023, EU hybrid vehicle production increased 25% to 2.1 million units
30
UK's vehicle production totaled 775,000 units in 2023, down 4%
Interpretation
Production Statistics Interpretation
Production across Europe stayed resilient in 2023 as EU passenger car output reached 13.1 million units up 0.9% year on year, while commercial vehicle production climbed to 2.54 million units up 4.6% supporting the stronger overall production momentum in this industry category.
05 · Category
Sales And Registration30 stats
01
In 2023, new passenger car registrations in the EU totaled 10.5 million units, down 0.8% from 2022
02
Germany registered 2.86 million new passenger cars in 2023, 27% of EU total
03
France saw 1.77 million new car registrations in 2023, up 12.5%
04
Italy's new passenger car sales reached 1.55 million in 2023, +13.1%
05
Spain registered 1.08 million new cars in 2023, +13.7%
06
Battery-electric vehicles (BEVs) accounted for 14.6% of new car registrations in EU in 2023
07
In Q1 2024, EU new car registrations rose 4.9% to 3.2 million units
08
Plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) made up 8.7% of EU new registrations in 2023
09
Netherlands led BEV market share at 24% of new sales in 2023
10
Sweden's new car registrations totaled 282,000 in 2023, with 56% electrified
11
Belgium registered 480,000 new passenger cars in 2023, +10.4%
12
Austria saw 328,000 new car sales in 2023, down 5%
13
Poland's new registrations reached 415,000 in 2023, +16.8%
14
EU light commercial vehicle registrations were 1.9 million in 2023, +9.3%
15
Germany's van registrations hit 392,000 in 2023
16
France LCV sales were 596,000 units in 2023, +14%
17
EU truck registrations totaled 298,000 in 2023, -1.2%
18
UK new car registrations were 1.90 million in 2023, +17.9% from 2022
19
In 2023, EU hybrid registrations (non-plug-in) were 2.3 million, 22% share
20
Portugal new car sales: 195,000 in 2023, +14.5%
21
Finland registrations: 117,000 new cars in 2023, BEV share 32%
22
Greece: 95,000 new registrations in 2023, +15%
23
Hungary: 125,000 new cars in 2023, +6.5%
24
Romania: 122,000 registrations in 2023, +20%
25
Slovakia: 72,000 new cars in 2023
26
Czech Republic: 198,000 registrations in 2023, +5.2%
27
Denmark: 156,000 new cars, BEV 51% share in 2023
28
Ireland: 121,000 registrations, +45% in 2023
29
Luxembourg: 52,000 new cars per 100k inhabitants in 2023
30
EU bus registrations: 25,000 units in 2023
Interpretation
Sales And Registration Interpretation
In the EU’s 2023 sales and registration picture, new passenger car registrations totaled 10.5 million units, down 0.8% from 2022, while leading markets like Germany at 2.86 million and France and Italy and Spain posting strong double digit growth signaled momentum and BEVs rising to 14.6% of new registrations.
report visual · Breakdown
Europe EV rollout: charging infrastructure vs electrified demand
EV infrastructure expansion is accelerating alongside rising BEV adoption across Europe.
95%
EU recycled automotive materials: 95% by weight in 2023
5%
Slovakia's sector employed 120,000, 5% of workforce in 2023
Reference
Cite This Report
This report is designed to be cited. We maintain stable URLs and versioned verification dates. Copy the format appropriate for your publication below.
APA
Catherine Wu. (2026, February 13). Europe Automotive Industry Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/europe-automotive-industry-statistics
MLA
Catherine Wu. "Europe Automotive Industry Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/europe-automotive-industry-statistics.
Chicago
Catherine Wu. 2026. "Europe Automotive Industry Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/europe-automotive-industry-statistics.
Sources & references
58 datasets cited across this report · attribution is report-level