U.S. health insurance isn’t one-size-fits-all: Medicare supports older adults, Medicaid/CHIP helps many non-elderly families, and employer-sponsored plans cover people under 65. At the same time, spending remains heavily concentrated in major categories, from prescription drugs to hospital care, shaped further by specialty and biologic therapies. Explore the workforce behind access—plus key health outcomes like life expectancy and infant and maternal mortality—to see where the system performs and where gaps persist.
Key Takeaways
- In 2022, U.S. national health expenditures totaled $4.5 trillion, accounting for 17.3 percent of the nation's Gross Domestic Product.
- National health spending grew 4.1% to $4.5 trillion in 2022, or $13,493 per person.
- U.S. health spending per capita was $12,555 in 2021, more than twice the average of comparable OECD countries.
- In 2023, 91% of Americans had health insurance coverage.
- Employer-sponsored insurance covered 54.4% of population under age 65 in 2023.
- Medicaid/CHIP covered 19.1% of non-elderly population in 2023.
- Average life expectancy at birth 77.5 years in 2023.
- Infant mortality rate 5.4 per 1,000 live births in 2022.
- Maternal mortality rate 32.9 deaths per 100,000 births in 2021.
- U.S. prescription drug market $576 billion in 2022.
- Medicare Part D spending $116 billion on drugs in 2022.
- Biologics/specialty drugs 50% of spending despite 2% volume.
- There were 1.1 million active physicians in the U.S. in 2023.
- Registered nurses numbered 3.7 million in 2022, per BLS.
- U.S. has 2.6 hospital beds per 1,000 people, below OECD average.
U.S. health spending hit $4.5 trillion in 2022, with 91% insured, rising costs, and unequal coverage.
Related reading
01 · Category
Healthcare Spending30 stats
01
In 2022, U.S. national health expenditures totaled $4.5 trillion, accounting for 17.3 percent of the nation's Gross Domestic Product.
02
National health spending grew 4.1% to $4.5 trillion in 2022, or $13,493 per person.
03
U.S. health spending per capita was $12,555in 2021, more than twice the average of comparable OECD countries.
04
Prescription drugs accounted for 9% of total national health expenditures in 2022, totaling $405.9 billion.
05
Hospital care expenditures reached $1.3 trillion in 2022, representing 29% of total health spending.
06
Medicare spending grew 8.1% to $944.3 billion in 2022, accounting for 21% of total NHE.
07
Medicaid spending increased by 9.7% to $805.9 billion in 2022, or 18% of total national health spending.
08
Private health insurance spending rose 6.2% to $1.3 trillion in 2022, covering 28% of NHE.
09
Out-of-pocket spending on healthcare was $433.7 billion in 2022, 9.7% of total NHE.
10
Administrative costs in the U.S. healthcare system were estimated at $496 billion in 2019, or 8% of total spending.
11
U.S. health spending growth averaged 4.5% annually from 2019-2022, outpacing GDP growth.
12
Physician and clinical services accounted for $807.7 billion in 2022, 18% of NHE.
13
Nursing care facilities spending totaled $205.2 billion in 2022, up 5.4% from prior year.
14
Home health care expenditures were $133.0 billion in 2022, growing 7.9%.
15
Dental services spending reached $175.1 billion in 2022, 3.9% of NHE.
16
Other professional services like ambulance and lab accounted for $161.5 billion in 2022.
17
Government health spending was 37% of total NHE in 2022, totaling $1.7 trillion.
18
Employer-sponsored insurance premiums averaged $23,968for family coverage in 2023.
19
Average annual premium for single coverage was $8,435in 2023, up 7% from 2022.
20
Workers contributed 29% of family premiums on average in 2023, about $6,575.
21
U.S. spent 11.7% of NHE on retail prescription drugs in 2021.
22
Freestanding mental health/substance abuse facilities spending was $58.5 billion in 2022.
23
Total NHE projected to grow at 5.4% annually through 2031, reaching 19.7% of GDP.
24
Hospital spending per inpatient day averaged $3,025in 2021.
25
Average cost of childbirth with insurance was $2,854in 2022.
26
Emergency room visit average cost was $2,715in 2022 for insured patients.
27
U.S. healthcare administrative spending per capita is $1,055,highest globally.
28
High-cost claimants (top 5%) accounted for 49% of total health spending in 2018.
29
Chronic conditions drive 90% of $4.1 trillion in annual healthcare costs.
30
Obesity-related medical costs totaled $173 billion in 2019.
Interpretation
Healthcare Spending Interpretation
In 2022, U.S. healthcare spending totaled $4.5 trillion or 17.3% of GDP, and with hospital care at $1.3 trillion and Medicare up 8.1% to $944.3 billion, the data shows how rising core spending continues to drive the overall healthcare spending burden.
02 · Category
Insurance And Coverage25 stats
01
In 2023, 91% of Americans had health insurance coverage.
02
Employer-sponsored insurance covered 54.4% of population under age 65 in 2023.
03
Medicaid/CHIP covered 19.1% of non-elderly population in 2023.
04
Medicare covered 18.9% of total population in 2023.
05
Direct purchase coverage (ACA Marketplace) enrolled 21.3 million in 2024.
06
Uninsured rate dropped to 7.7% in 2023 from 9.2% in 2022.
07
26.4 million non-elderly Americans uninsured in 2023.
08
TRICARE/VA/other federal coverage reached 7.5% of population in 2023.
09
80% of uninsured cite cost as main reason for no coverage.
10
ACA reduced uninsured rate by 43% from 2010-2023.
11
Medicaid expansion states have uninsured rates 4.2 points lower.
12
Average Marketplace premium before subsidies $477/month in 2024.
13
88% of Marketplace enrollees receive premium tax credits.
14
Silver plans average 70% actuarial value, most popular on exchanges.
15
Employer plans cover 155 million workers and dependents in 2023.
16
Medicare Advantage enrollment hit 32.8 million in 2024, 51% of beneficiaries.
17
Medicaid covers 83 million low-income individuals as of 2023.
18
CHIP enrollment stable at 9 million children in FY2023.
19
Short-term limited duration plans grew post-ACA changes, covering ~3 million.
20
Health sharing ministries enroll ~1 million, not insurance.
21
45 states expanded Medicaid under ACA by 2024.
22
Uninsured children rate at 5.8% in 2023, down from 16.4% pre-ACA.
23
Racial disparities: Black uninsured rate 10.7%, Hispanic 19.1% in 2023.
24
Rural uninsured rate 12.4% vs 10.2% urban in 2022.
25
Gig workers uninsured at 20% rate, higher than traditional employees.
Interpretation
Insurance And Coverage Interpretation
In 2023, health insurance coverage reached 91% of Americans while the uninsured rate fell to 7.7% from 9.2% in 2022, signaling steady improvement in Insurance And Coverage access alongside large roles for employer plans, Medicaid/CHIP, and Medicare.
03 · Category
Patient Outcomes And Quality24 stats
01
Average life expectancy at birth 77.5 years in 2023.
02
Infant mortality rate 5.4 per 1,000 live births in 2022.
03
Maternal mortality rate 32.9 deaths per 100,000 births in 2021.
04
Cancer death rate declined 33% from 1991-2021.
05
Heart disease death rate 161.5 per 100,000 in 2022.
06
Diabetes prevalence 11.6% of adults in 2021.
07
Obesity rate 42.4% among adults 20+ in 2017-2020.
08
Hospital-acquired infections affect 1 in 31 patients.
09
30-day hospital readmission rate averages 15.3% for Medicare.
10
Patient safety incidents: 251 million harm events yearly worldwide, U.S. share high.
11
Preventive services use: 49% got mammogram in past 2 years.
12
Opioid overdose deaths 81,806 in 2022.
13
COVID-19 deaths totaled 1.2 million by 2024.
14
Life expectancy gap: 20 years between top and bottom counties.
15
Avoidable deaths under 75: 180 per 100,000 in U.S., higher than peers.
16
250,000 deaths yearly from medical errors, 3rd leading cause.
17
HCAHPS scores: 73% rate hospital 9-10.
18
Post-surgery complication rate 10-20% for major procedures.
19
Chronic disease patients 60% of adults, 90% of $4.1T spend.
20
Mental illness prevalence 22.8% adults yearly.
21
Suicide rate 14.1 per 100,000 in 2022.
22
Vaccination coverage: 92.7% MMR for kindergarteners 2022-23.
23
A1c control in diabetics <7% in 55% patients.
24
Colorectal cancer screening 72.5% ages 50-75.
Interpretation
Patient Outcomes And Quality Interpretation
Patient outcomes are improving but remain uneven, with average life expectancy at 77.5 years in 2023 and cancer deaths down 33% from 1991 to 2021 while heart disease still leads to 161.5 deaths per 100,000 in 2022 and diabetes affects 11.6% of adults.
More related reading
04 · Category
Pharmaceuticals And Drugs25 stats
01
U.S. prescription drug market $576 billion in 2022.
02
Medicare Part D spending $116 billion on drugs in 2022.
03
Biologics/specialty drugs 50% of spending despite 2% volume.
04
Insulin average list price $300/vial, down from peaks.
05
Generic drugs 90% of prescriptions, 21% spending.
06
Biosimilars approved 40+, uptake low at 4%.
07
Opioid prescriptions declined 44% 2011-2021.
08
New molecular entities FDA approved 55 in 2023.
09
Pharma R&D spend $83 billion private sector 2022.
10
Drug price growth 4.9% in 2023.
11
PBMs manage 95% of prescriptions.
12
Medicare negotiating 10 drugs first year, savings $6B.
13
Retail pharmacy scripts 4.3 billion in 2022.
14
Mail-order pharmacy growth 20% yearly.
15
Vaccine market $32 billion in 2023.
16
GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic prescriptions up 300%.
17
Orphan drugs 20% new approvals, high prices.
18
Patent cliffs: $250B generics opportunity 2023-2028.
19
Direct-to-consumer ads $6.5B in 2019.
20
340B program saved $46.5B in 2022.
21
Drug shortages 323 active in 2024.
22
Compounding pharmacies regulated post-2012 crisis.
23
OTC market $48 billion sales 2022.
24
mRNA vaccines revolutionized COVID response.
25
Semaglutide sales $14B in 2023.
Interpretation
Pharmaceuticals And Drugs Interpretation
In the U.S. pharmaceuticals and drugs market, spending is heavily concentrated in high-cost biologics and specialty therapies, with 50% of spending coming from just 2% of volume, even as generics cover 90% of prescriptions but only 21% of spending in 2022.
05 · Category
Providers And Workforce25 stats
01
There were 1.1 million active physicians in the U.S. in 2023.
02
Registered nurses numbered 3.7 million in 2022, per BLS.
03
U.S. has 2.6 hospital beds per 1,000 people, below OECD average.
04
6,093 hospitals operated in U.S. in 2023.
05
Nurse practitioners totaled 355,000 in 2022.
06
Physician assistants reached 148,000 in 2022.
07
Dentists numbered 202,000 in 2022.
08
Pharmacists totaled 330,000 in 2022.
09
Medical assistants grew to 764,000 in 2022.
10
Home health aides: 4.1 million in 2022.
11
Projected physician shortage: 37,800-124,000 by 2034.
12
RN shortage projected at 193,100 by 2030.
13
37% of physicians burned out in 2022.
14
Average physician salary $363,000in 2023.
15
Nurse salary average $89,010annually in 2023.
16
Rural areas have 39.8 physicians per 100,000 vs 53.3 urban.
17
92% of rural hospitals at risk of closure service issues.
18
Telehealth visits surged 154% from 2019-2020.
19
78% of physicians use EHRs fully.
20
Community health centers serve 30 million patients annually.
21
Federally Qualified Health Centers number 1,400 with 15,000 sites.
22
Average hospital staff size 4,200 FTEs in 2022.
23
48% of physicians employed by hospitals/health systems in 2023.
24
International medical graduates 25% of U.S. physicians.
25
Residency positions filled 92.4% by U.S. MD seniors in 2023.
Interpretation
Providers And Workforce Interpretation
With 1.1 million active physicians alongside 3.7 million registered nurses, and nurse practitioners and physician assistants totaling 355,000 and 148,000 respectively, the U.S. provider workforce is large but concentrated in nursing and allied roles rather than physicians alone.
report visual · Key figures
U.S. Healthcare Spending Keeps Climbing
National health spending rose in 2022 and is on a long-run growth trajectory relative to the economy.
$4.5
In 2022, U.S. national health expenditures totaled $4.5 trillion, accounting for 17.3 percent of the nation's Gross Dome
4.1%
National health spending grew 4.1% to $4.5 trillion in 2022, or $13,493 per person.
4.5%
U.S. health spending growth averaged 4.5% annually from 2019-2022, outpacing GDP growth.
5.4%
Total NHE projected to grow at 5.4% annually through 2031, reaching 19.7% of GDP.
report visual · Key figures
Uninsured rate trends after ACA
The uninsured rate fell from 2022 to 2023 and reflects broader coverage gains since the ACA era.
7.7%
Uninsured rate dropped to 7.7% in 2023 from 9.2% in 2022.
43%
ACA reduced uninsured rate by 43% from 2010-2023.
5.8%
Uninsured children rate at 5.8% in 2023, down from 16.4% pre-ACA.
report visual · Key figures
Patient outcomes & quality: measurable progress and persistent risks
Quality and safety outcomes show a mixed picture—some improvements over time alongside ongoing preventable harms and chronic disease burden.
33%
Cancer death rate declined 33% from 1991-2021.
15.3%
30-day hospital readmission rate averages 15.3% for Medicare.
250,000
250,000 deaths yearly from medical errors, 3rd leading cause.
92.7%
Vaccination coverage: 92.7% MMR for kindergarteners 2022-23.
11.6%
Diabetes prevalence 11.6% of adults in 2021.
report visual · Breakdown
How the U.S. pharma spending is distributed
Biologics/specialty drugs take up a majority of spending despite a small share of volume.
4.9%
Drug price growth 4.9% in 2023.
95%
PBMs manage 95% of prescriptions.
report visual · Comparison
U.S. Healthcare Workforce at a Glance
U.S. healthcare staffing spans millions of clinicians, from active physicians to nurses and specialty providers.
Nurse practitioners totaled 355,000 in 2022.355,000
Pharmacists totaled 330,000 in 2022.330,000
Home health aides: 4.1 million in 2022.4.1
Registered nurses numbered 3.7 million in 2022, per BLS.3.7
There were 1.1 million active physicians in the U.S. in 2023.1.1
Reference
Cite This Report
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APA
Gabrielle Fontaine. (2026, February 13). U.S. Healthcare Industry Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/u-s-healthcare-industry-statistics
MLA
Gabrielle Fontaine. "U.S. Healthcare Industry Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/u-s-healthcare-industry-statistics.
Chicago
Gabrielle Fontaine. 2026. "U.S. Healthcare Industry Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/u-s-healthcare-industry-statistics.
Sources & references
48 datasets cited across this report · attribution is report-level