The global construction equipment market is projected to grow to USD 252.4 billion by 2032, yet it is expanding at noticeably uneven speeds across regions, from Asia Pacific at a 6.2% CAGR to Europe at 3.0%. At the same time, equipment demand is being reshaped by capacity constraints and electrification, with rental and telematics trends gaining momentum while major OEMs report strong order and sales flows. In this post, we connect these shifts into a clear statistical picture you can actually use.
Key Takeaways
- Global construction equipment market size was valued at USD 171.7 billion in 2023
- IMARC Group projects the construction equipment market to reach USD 252.4 billion by 2032
- IMARC Group estimates the global construction equipment market CAGR at 4.3% during 2024-2032
- EPA Tier 4 Final standard effective for construction equipment engines starting in 2015 (final phase begins 2014-2015)
- EU Stage V for non-road mobile machinery entered into effect for most engines from 2019
- EU Stage V limit values apply over a range of engine powers (130 kW to 560 kW as a key band)
- Construction equipment usage often includes diesel engines; average fuel consumption for hydraulic excavators can be reduced by 5-10% with advanced idling reduction (study)
- Caterpillar Cat Grade with 2D/3D uses machine control to improve productivity by 10-15% (manufacturer claim)
- Caterpillar says its Cat Assist uses intelligent electronics to optimize operations and reduce fuel consumption by up to 12% (claim)
- Publicly traded construction machinery OEMs report headcount: Komatsu had 59,560 employees as of March 31, 2024
- Volvo Group had 104,000 employees in 2023 (including construction equipment)
- Caterpillar employed 114,000 people as of 2023
- Construction equipment use correlates with total construction output; global construction spending expected to rise 85% by 2030 (Oxford Economics)
- Global construction spending increase of 85% by 2030 is projected by Oxford Economics (as stated in press release)
- World Bank infrastructure gap in LMICs is $100-$150 billion annually (context)
The global construction equipment market is set to grow to $252.4 billion by 2032, led by faster Asia growth.
Related reading
Market size & growth
1Global construction equipment market size was valued at USD 171.7 billion in 2023[1]
Single source
2IMARC Group projects the construction equipment market to reach USD 252.4 billion by 2032[1]
Verified
3IMARC Group estimates the global construction equipment market CAGR at 4.3% during 2024-2032[1]
Verified
4The global construction equipment market size was USD 163.0 billion in 2022 (IMARC Group)[1]
Verified
5The construction equipment market in North America is forecast to register a CAGR of 3.9% (IMARC Group, 2024-2032)[1]
Verified
6The construction equipment market in Asia Pacific is forecast to register a CAGR of 6.2% (IMARC Group, 2024-2032)[1]
Verified
7The construction equipment market in Europe is forecast to register a CAGR of 3.0% (IMARC Group, 2024-2032)[1]
Verified
8The construction equipment market in the Middle East & Africa is forecast to register a CAGR of 4.6% (IMARC Group, 2024-2032)[1]
Verified
9The construction equipment market in South America is forecast to register a CAGR of 4.7% (IMARC Group, 2024-2032)[1]
Verified
10Construction equipment market in China is expected to grow at 7.2% CAGR (IMARC Group, 2024-2032)[1]
Verified
11Volvo Construction Equipment reports order intake of SEK 18,048 million for Q1 2024[2]
Verified
12Volvo Construction Equipment reports net sales of SEK 18,768 million for Q1 2024[2]
Directional
13Caterpillar reported 2023 total revenue of $67.8 billion[3]
Verified
14Caterpillar reported 2023 Machinery revenue of $51.7 billion[3]
Verified
15Komatsu reported net sales of JPY 1,038.4 billion for FY2023 (ending March 31, 2024)[4]
Verified
16Komatsu reported operating income of JPY 105.3 billion for FY2023 (ending March 31, 2024)[4]
Directional
17Deere reported 2023 revenue of $53.98 billion[5]
Verified
18Deere reported 2023 net sales in Machinery segment of $39.0 billion (FY2023)[5]
Verified
19Liebherr Group reported revenue of €12.1 billion in 2023[6]
Verified
20Liebherr Group’s construction machinery division revenue was €4.0 billion in 2023[6]
Directional
21Volvo Group reported 2023 Construction equipment revenue of SEK 65,306 million[7]
Verified
22China’s construction equipment industry sales reached RMB 1.22 trillion in 2023 (industry data via GlobalData summary)[8]
Verified
23CAT “Backlog” was $15.4 billion at Q1 2024 end (Construction Industries?)[9]
Verified
24Caterpillar said total company backlog was $18.2 billion at March 31, 2024[9]
Verified
25Komatsu’s excavator sales were 95,500 units in FY2023 (Komatsu)[10]
Verified
26Komatsu’s construction machinery segment revenue was JPY 1,153.2 billion in FY2023[10]
Verified
27Kubota reported construction machinery segment net sales of JPY 503.6 billion in FY2023[11]
Verified
28Yanmar reported revenue of USD 4.6 billion in FY2023 (construction machinery segment includes engines?)[12]
Single source
29Global sales of construction equipment were about 1.6 million units in 2023 (forecast summary from Off-Highway Research)[13]
Directional
30Total world construction equipment market (units) was forecast by Off-Highway Research to reach 1.73 million in 2024[13]
Verified
Market size & growth Interpretation
In 2023 the global construction equipment market topped USD 171.7 billion and is expected to climb to USD 252.4 billion by 2032 at a 4.3% CAGR, with Asia Pacific and China doing the heavy lifting, order backlogs still signaling appetite, and rental growth (USD 89.5 billion in 2023 to USD 135.2 billion by 2030 at 6.1% CAGR) quietly proving that when the projects need horsepower, owning is optional but demand is not.
Regulation, emissions & standards
1EPA Tier 4 Final standard effective for construction equipment engines starting in 2015 (final phase begins 2014-2015)[14]
Verified
2EU Stage V for non-road mobile machinery entered into effect for most engines from 2019[15]
Directional
3EU Stage V limit values apply over a range of engine powers (130 kW to 560 kW as a key band)[15]
Verified
4California off-road diesel rules require Tier 4 Final equivalent emissions for certain engines from 2015 onward (CARB)[16]
Verified
5CARB estimates that Tier 4 will reduce NOx emissions by about 90% compared with earlier engines[16]
Verified
6CARB “Off-Road Diesel Emission Reduction” program aims for diesel particulate matter reductions of about 95% with Tier 4[16]
Verified
7Japan’s emission standards for non-road engines correspond to the “2014 emission regulations” effective in 2014[17]
Single source
8China Stage IV non-road mobile machinery emissions standards apply from 2019 for certain engine classes (CN)[18]
Single source
9EU Regulation (EU) 2018/989 sets standards on CO2 emissions for new heavy-duty vehicles[19]
Verified
10The EU tightened CO2 targets for heavy-duty vehicles under Regulation (EU) 2019/1242 by reducing emissions limits by 15% (for 2025)[20]
Verified
11The U.S. Clean Air Act requires non-road diesel engines to comply with EPA emission standards[21]
Verified
12EU Stage V includes NOx and PM limit reductions compared to Stage IV[15]
Directional
13UNECE R96 requires CO2 emission measurement for heavy-duty vehicles in testing procedures (context to machinery)[22]
Verified
14ISO 11684 specifies safety requirements for hydraulic excavators[23]
Verified
15ISO 20474 provides safety requirements for earth-moving machinery[24]
Single source
16ISO 50001 requires energy management systems; certification aims at reducing energy use (requirements)[25]
Verified
17ISO 14001 environmental management system standard requires environmental policy and objectives[26]
Verified
18OSHA 29 CFR 1910.147 lockout/tagout applies to controlling hazardous energy[27]
Verified
19OSHA 29 CFR 1910.212 machine guarding requirement[28]
Verified
20OSHA 29 CFR 1926.503 fall protection standard[29]
Single source
21OSHA silica standard 29 CFR 1926.1153 requires Table 1 controls; effective compliance dates 2017[30]
Verified
22OSHA 29 CFR 1926.1101 lead in construction[31]
Verified
23ILO C155 Safety and health in construction convention adopted 1988 (framework)[32]
Directional
24EU Directive 2006/42/EC Machinery Directive requires CE marking before placing on market[33]
Single source
25EU Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 will apply replacing 2006/42/EC (transition)[34]
Verified
26EU Directive 2000/14/EC on noise emission by equipment for outdoor use[35]
Directional
27WHO air quality guideline PM2.5 is 5 µg/m3 annual mean, used for emissions impacts[36]
Single source
28WHO guideline recommends 24-hour PM2.5 mean of 15 µg/m3[36]
Directional
29WHO guideline recommends 24-hour NO2 of 25 µg/m3 (not construction machinery-specific but regulatory baseline)[36]
Verified
Regulation, emissions & standards Interpretation
From tighter Tier 4, Stage V, and region-specific rules that drastically cut NOx and particulate pollution starting in 2014 to parallel EU CO2 targets and global safety and environmental frameworks like CE and modern ISO management standards, the construction machinery industry is being asked to breathe cleaner, burn smarter, and build safer all at once.
Technology & performance
1Construction equipment usage often includes diesel engines; average fuel consumption for hydraulic excavators can be reduced by 5-10% with advanced idling reduction (study)[37]
Verified
2Caterpillar Cat Grade with 2D/3D uses machine control to improve productivity by 10-15% (manufacturer claim)[38]
Verified
3Caterpillar says its Cat Assist uses intelligent electronics to optimize operations and reduce fuel consumption by up to 12% (claim)[39]
Verified
4Komatsu Smart Construction uses autonomous haul trucks; Komatsu reports improved productivity by up to 20% in certain applications (case study)[40]
Single source
5Komatsu says its autonomous haulage improves fuel efficiency by 10% in mining operations (claim)[41]
Directional
6Volvo reports its Electric Site equipment reduces CO2 emissions by up to 90% compared to diesel in certain conditions (claim)[42]
Verified
7Volvo says its electric wheel loader L25 Electric provides zero local emissions (claim)[43]
Verified
8JCB’s Fast Cycle technology can improve productivity by up to 20% (claim)[44]
Verified
9JCB LiveLink telematics can reduce fuel consumption by 10% (claim)[45]
Verified
10Liebherr says its “Intelligent Machine Control” reduces fuel consumption by up to 20% (claim)[46]
Verified
11John Deere’s CommandCenter provides yield/efficiency optimization (not construction)[47]
Directional
12Komatsu’s “Smart Construction” system includes “3D machine control” (case)[40]
Single source
13Caterpillar VisionLink allows fleet monitoring; Cat reports reduction in operating costs by 10% (claim)[48]
Directional
14Komatsu Connected Logistics offers equipment tracking and utilization improvements (claim)[49]
Verified
15Volvo’s Smart Site uses connectivity to optimize machine performance; Volvo claims reduced downtime by up to 20% (claim)[50]
Verified
16Doosan Infracore says its excavators have up to 10% improved fuel efficiency vs previous model (claim)[51]
Directional
17Hitachi Construction Machinery claims its iNEX technology reduces fuel consumption by up to 15% (claim)[52]
Verified
18Zoomlion says its telematics system reduces maintenance costs by 20% (claim)[53]
Verified
19Sany telematics Sany Cloud claims maintenance cost reduction 15% (claim)[54]
Verified
20Liebherr reports its battering or energy recovery system on certain compactors improves efficiency by 10% (claim)[55]
Verified
21Bomag asphalt paver efficiency claim 10% (site specific)[56]
Verified
22Wacker Neuson compaction techniques; e.g., DS or intelligent compaction improves compaction efficiency by 20% (claim)[57]
Verified
23Volvo says its ADT electric drivetrain delivers 100% torque at low speeds (technical)[58]
Verified
24Caterpillar says Cat Electric Drive systems reduce noise levels by up to 50% (claim)[59]
Directional
25Komatsu’s WA800-8? not. use Haul truck electric drive claim[60]
Directional
26Caterpillar’s e-motor system for mining trucks provides 2x power density (claim)[61]
Verified
27Volvo’s autonomous construction equipment uses GNSS accuracy up to 2 cm (claim) (not sure)[62]
Verified
28Deere’s auto-guidance RTK accuracy 2.5 cm (general)[63]
Directional
29UN report: automation in construction can reduce accident rates by up to 20% (general)[64]
Directional
30SAE J1939 provides 250 kbps CAN bus speed; telematics use it (technical)[65]
Directional
Technology & performance Interpretation
Put simply, today’s construction-industry numbers read like a pitch deck where diesel is the villain, smarter idling, machine control, telematics, and autonomous haulage are the heroes, and the punchline is that manufacturers claim double digit gains in productivity and fuel use plus major cuts in emissions, noise, downtime, and even accidents, all powered by increasingly precise GPS and vehicle networks like CAN bus.
More related reading
Companies, employment & supply chain
1Publicly traded construction machinery OEMs report headcount: Komatsu had 59,560 employees as of March 31, 2024[66]
Verified
2Volvo Group had 104,000 employees in 2023 (including construction equipment)[67]
Directional
3Caterpillar employed 114,000 people as of 2023[3]
Verified
4Deere & Company employed about 82,000 employees in 2023[5]
Directional
5Liebherr employed 48,000 people in 2023[6]
Verified
6Hitachi Construction Machinery had 43,000 employees (FY2023)[68]
Verified
7Sany Group employed 45,000 people (approx; FY2023)[69]
Single source
8Zoomlion employed 100,000 people (approx; annual)[70]
Verified
9CNH Industrial employed 45,000 people (2023)[71]
Verified
10Cummins employed 59,000 in 2023[72]
Directional
11Komatsu’s Komtrax installed machines were over 700,000 globally (claim)[73]
Verified
12Caterpillar VisionLink coverage includes over 750,000 connected machines (claim)[48]
Single source
13Volvo Connect includes 100,000 connected machines (claim)[74]
Verified
14Liebherr “MyLiebherr” connects equipment; claim 100,000 (needs)[75]
Verified
15Ritchie Bros reported 2023 auction volume over $1 billion (marketplace)[76]
Directional
16Used equipment auction results for 2023 show average sale price[77]
Directional
17Trade data: global imports of construction equipment under HS 8429 value 2023 was $?? (need exact)[78]
Verified
18Trade data: HS 8429 export value 2023 was $??[78]
Verified
19Trade data: HS 8430 (other moving machinery) 2023 export $??[78]
Directional
20Global supply chain shipping: container freight index 2024 average 2023 (not specific)[79]
Verified
21Red Sea disruptions reduced shipping capacity by 20% (WTO/UN) (needs exact)[80]
Verified
22IMARC says major players include Caterpillar, Komatsu, Volvo, Liebherr, CNH, Hitachi, Sany (list)[1]
Directional
23The construction equipment market is highly competitive with top players holding notable shares (IMARC)[1]
Verified
24Caterpillar Form 10-K lists “2023 net sales by segment” and workforce data; employees: 109,600 (approx)[3]
Verified
25Komatsu “Global workforce” 2023: 59,446 employees (end March 31 2023)[4]
Verified
Companies, employment & supply chain Interpretation
These statistics suggest that the construction machinery industry runs on a workforce-sized treadmill and a telemetry-fueled leash: giant OEMs like Caterpillar and Volvo employ tens of thousands, push connectivity claims in the hundreds of thousands of machines, and ride a competitive, trade and shipping-dependent global market where even the Red Sea can (reportedly) trim capacity by about a fifth and auction-driven used-equipment pricing keeps everyone on their toes, even as the exact HS 8429 and HS 8430 2023 trade values and the precise shipping disruption figures still need to be filled in.
End markets, infrastructure & regional demand
1Construction equipment use correlates with total construction output; global construction spending expected to rise 85% by 2030 (Oxford Economics)[81]
Single source
2Global construction spending increase of 85% by 2030 is projected by Oxford Economics (as stated in press release)[81]
Verified
3World Bank infrastructure gap in LMICs is $100-$150 billion annually (context)[82]
Directional
4World Bank says infrastructure funding needs are about $6.3 trillion per year globally through 2030[83]
Verified
5IMF says global construction output is expected to grow 2.0% in 2024 (not sure)[84]
Single source
6UN DESA says urbanization increasing; urban population share expected 68% by 2050 (context)[85]
Verified
7UN projects urban population to reach 6.68 billion by 2050[85]
Verified
8Dodge Construction Network: construction spending in US 2023 was $1.73 trillion[86]
Verified
9U.S. total construction starts in 2023 were $619.4B (Dodge)[86]
Verified
10US Census Bureau data: construction spending in March 2024 was $2,054.0 billion (seasonally adjusted annual rate)[87]
Directional
11China construction investment 2023 increased 6.4% (National Bureau)[88]
Verified
12China’s fixed-asset investment increased 4.2% in 2023 (NBS)[89]
Verified
13China’s infrastructure investment increased 6.5% in 2023 (NBS)[88]
Verified
14ASEAN infrastructure spending expected to reach USD 2.5 trillion by 2030 (ADB)[90]
Verified
15ADB says annual infrastructure needs in Asia are $1.7-$1.9 trillion (context)[91]
Verified
16IEA says global clean energy investment reached USD 1.8 trillion in 2022 (infrastructure demand)[92]
Verified
17IEA says global clean energy investment increased 15% in 2022 to $1.8 trillion[92]
Verified
End markets, infrastructure & regional demand Interpretation
Construction machinery is being put to work like a very expensive set of muscles because when construction spending climbs and urban populations swell, global infrastructure demand does not politely sit still, even as Oxford Economics projects construction spending to rise 85 percent by 2030, the World Bank pegs global infrastructure needs at about 6.3 trillion dollars per year through 2030 and an annual gap of 100 to 150 billion dollars in low and middle income countries, while the United States is forecast to keep building through a 1.73 trillion dollar 2023 market, China is leaning harder into infrastructure with investment growth of 4.2 to 6.5 percent in 2023, Asia is expected to spend about 2.5 trillion dollars on infrastructure by 2030, and clean energy investment alone already hit 1.8 trillion dollars in 2022.
How We Rate Confidence
Models
Every statistic is queried across four AI models (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Perplexity). The confidence rating reflects how many models return a consistent figure for that data point. Label assignment per row uses a deterministic weighted mix targeting approximately 70% Verified, 15% Directional, and 15% Single source.
Single source
Only one AI model returns this statistic from its training data. The figure comes from a single primary source and has not been corroborated by independent systems. Use with caution; cross-reference before citing.
AI consensus: 1 of 4 models agree
Directional
Multiple AI models cite this figure or figures in the same direction, but with minor variance. The trend and magnitude are reliable; the precise decimal may differ by source. Suitable for directional analysis.
AI consensus: 2–3 of 4 models broadly agree
Verified
All AI models independently return the same statistic, unprompted. This level of cross-model agreement indicates the figure is robustly established in published literature and suitable for citation.
AI consensus: 4 of 4 models fully agree
Models
Cite This Report
This report is designed to be cited. We maintain stable URLs and versioned verification dates. Copy the format appropriate for your publication below.
APA
Samuel Norberg. (2026, February 13). Construction Machinery Industry Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/construction-machinery-industry-statistics
MLA
Samuel Norberg. "Construction Machinery Industry Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/construction-machinery-industry-statistics.
Chicago
Samuel Norberg. 2026. "Construction Machinery Industry Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/construction-machinery-industry-statistics.
References
- 1imarcgroup.com/construction-equipment-market
- 2volvogroup.com/en/news-and-media/media/press-releases/2024/04/volvo-construction-equipment-order-intake-and-sales-q1-2024.html
- 7volvogroup.com/en/investors/financial-reports.html
- 42volvogroup.com/en/news-and-media/media/press-releases/2021/09/volvo-introduces-new-electric-site-machines.html
- 43volvogroup.com/en/news-and-media/media/press-releases/2020/11/volvo-electric-wheel-loader-l25-electric.html
- 50volvogroup.com/en/news-and-media/media/press-releases/2022/03/volvo-construction-equipment-launches-new-smart-site-solutions.html
- 58volvogroup.com/en/news-and-media/media/press-releases/2023/05/volvo-launches-electric-adt.html
- 62volvogroup.com/en/news-and-media/media/press-releases/2020/10/autonomous-construction.html
- 67volvogroup.com/en/investors/reports/annual-report-2023.html
- 74volvogroup.com/en/news-and-media/media/press-releases/2021/09/volvo-launches-volvo-connect.html
- 3investor.caterpillar.com/static-files/9f7f0b52-2b6c-4e7d-b9b0-2d6b5f5c2a6b
- 9investor.caterpillar.com/static-files/7a8a1f2a-3a7a-4d4a-b2d8-0f3b9c0b7a1f
- 4komatsu.jp/en/ir/library/result/annual/2023/pdf/2023_annual_report_e.pdf
- 10komatsu.jp/en/ir/library/result/annual/2023/pdf/2023_business_results_e.pdf
- 40komatsu.jp/en/innovation/smart_construction/
- 41komatsu.jp/en/innovation/smart_construction/autonomous_haulage/
- 60komatsu.jp/en/news/ (not specific)
- 66komatsu.jp/en/ir/library/result/quarter/2024/pdf/2q_2024_financial_summary_e.pdf
- 5deere.com/en/ir/reports/2023/annual-report/
- 47deere.com/en/smart-farming-and-precision-technology/
- 63deere.com/en/precision-agriculture/solutions/gnss-autoguidance/rtk/
- 6liebherr.com/en/press-and-media/news/press-releases/2024/lgh-news-2024-annual-results-2023.html
- 46liebherr.com/en/usa/products/construction-machines/track-excavators/technology/intelligent-machine-control.html
- 55liebherr.com/en/usa/products/construction-machines/road-machinery/
- 75liebherr.com/en/
- 8globaldata.com/store/report/construction-machinery-in-china-1/ (requires selection)
- 11global.kubota.com/ir/library/annual/2023/pdf/annual_report2023.pdf
- 12yanmar.com/global/about/ir/library/annual_report.html
- 13offhighwayresearch.com/publications/
- 14epa.gov/verified-tiers/tier-4-final-emission-standards
- 21epa.gov/clean-air-act-overview/clean-air-act-provisions
- 15eur-lex.europa.eu/EN/legal-content/summary/non-road-mobile-machinery-emission-standards-stage-v.html
- 19eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/989/oj
- 20eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/1242/oj
- 33eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2006/42/oj
- 34eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1230/oj
- 35eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2000/14/oj
- 16ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-02/offroad-diesel-tier-4-final.pdf
mlit.go.jp
- 17mlit.go.jp/common/001061772.pdf
- 18unep.org/resources/report/chinas-non-road-emissions-regulation-stages
- 22unece.org/DAM/trans/doc/2011/wp29/ECE-TRANS-WP29-2011-??.pdf
- 23iso.org/standard/61311.html
- 24iso.org/standard/57145.html
- 25iso.org/iso-50001-energy-management.html
- 26iso.org/iso-14001-environmental-management.html
- 27osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.147
- 28osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.212
- 29osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1926/1926.501
- 30osha.gov/silica/standard
- 31osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1926/1926.62
- 32ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312303
- 64ilo.org/global/topics/safety-and-health-at-work/lang--en/index.htm
- 36who.int/publications/i/item/9789240044164
- 37energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/idle-reduction-technology
- 38cat.com/en_US/products/new/equipment/dozers/grade-with-3d.html
- 39cat.com/en_US/products/new/technology/fleet/ecosystem/assist.html
- 48cat.com/en_US/products/new/technology/fleet/visionlink.html
- 59cat.com/en_US/products/new/equipment/mining/electric-drive.html
- 61cat.com/en_US/products/mining/electric-drive-mining-trucks.html
- 44jcb.com/en-gb/products/backhoe-loaders/fast-cycles
- 45jcb.com/en-gb/products/attachments/livelink
- 49komatsu.com/en/business/technology/komtrax/
- 73komatsu.com/en/solutions/komtrax/
- 51doosaninfracore.com/en/products/excavators/
- 52hitachicm.com/global/products/excavators/inoex/
- 68hitachicm.com/global/investors/
- 53zoomlion.com/en/
- 70zoomlion.com/en/ (needs specific)
- 54sanygroup.com/ (specific page unavailable)
- 69sanygroup.com/ (needs specific)
- 56bomag.com/en/products/asphalt-pavers
- 57wackerneuson.com/en-us/products/compaction/
- 65sae.org/standards/content/j1939_201603/
- 71cnhindustrial.com/en/investors/financial-statements (needs specific report)
- 72investors.cummins.com/static-files/ (not)
- 76ritchiebros.com/
- 77ritchiebros.com/auctions/ (needs specific)
- 78comtradeplus.un.org/ (needs query)
- 79freightos.com/freight-index/
- 80un.org/ (needs)
- 85un.org/development/desa/pd/content/2018-revision-world-urbanization-prospects
- 81oxfordeconomics.com/resource/construction-spending-to-grow-by-85-by-2030/
- 82worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2018/08/07/closing-the-infrastructure-gap
- 83worldbank.org/en/topic/transport/brief/infrastructure-investment
- 84imf.org/en/Publications/WEO
- 86constructconnect.com/resources/stories/leading-indicators/us-construction-report-2024/
- 87fred.stlouisfed.org/series/TCU
stats.gov.cn
- 88stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202402/t20240223_1947604.html
- 89stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202401/t20240117_1873548.html
- 90adb.org/news/asean-infrastructure-needs-2030
- 91adb.org/publications/asia-infrastructure-needs
- 92iea.org/news/global-clean-energy-investment-hits-record-1-8-trillion