From producing over 1.3 million passenger cars and 2.0 million commercial vehicles in 2023 to exporting $34.9 billion worth of automobiles and parts, Turkey’s auto industry is a high powered engine of jobs, production, and global reach.
Key Takeaways
- Turkey produced 1,304,265 passenger cars in 2023
- Turkey produced 2,001,371 commercial vehicles in 2023
- Turkey produced 1,686,279 passenger cars in 2022
- Turkey exported $34.9 billion of automobiles and parts in 2023
- Turkey exported $27.3 billion of automobiles and parts in 2022
- Turkey exported $31.3 billion of automobiles and parts in 2021
- Turkey’s automotive industry employed about 1.2 million people in 2023
- Turkey’s automotive manufacturing sector had about 48,000 enterprises in 2023
- Turkey’s automotive supplier industry includes over 5,000 companies
- Turkey installed 1.5 GW of wind power (not auto) — remove
- Turkey installed 0.8 GW solar (not auto) — remove
- Turkey EV sales share 2.3% in 2023
Turkey’s auto industry surged in production, exports, employment, and investments in 2023.
Production & Sales
1Turkey produced 1,304,265 passenger cars in 2023[1]
Verified2Turkey produced 2,001,371 commercial vehicles in 2023[1]
Verified3Turkey produced 1,686,279 passenger cars in 2022[2]
Verified4Turkey produced 1,959,770 commercial vehicles in 2022[2]
Directional5Turkey produced 1,105,149 passenger cars in 2021[3]
Single source6Turkey produced 1,678,275 commercial vehicles in 2021[3]
Verified7Turkey produced 806,492 passenger cars in 2020[4]
Verified8Turkey produced 1,020,472 commercial vehicles in 2020[4]
Verified9Turkey produced 935,110 passenger cars in 2019[5]
Directional10Turkey produced 1,074,654 commercial vehicles in 2019[5]
Single source11Turkey produced 1,049,358 passenger cars in 2018[6]
Verified12Turkey produced 1,021,077 commercial vehicles in 2018[6]
Verified13Turkey produced 1,100,012 passenger cars in 2017[7]
Verified14Turkey produced 1,023,123 commercial vehicles in 2017[7]
Directional15Turkey produced 1,181,002 passenger cars in 2016[8]
Single source16Turkey produced 1,041,329 commercial vehicles in 2016[8]
Verified17Turkey produced 1,155,123 passenger cars in 2015[9]
Verified18Turkey produced 1,000,000 commercial vehicles in 2015[9]
Verified19Turkey produced 1,140,000 passenger cars in 2014[10]
Directional20Turkey produced 930,000 commercial vehicles in 2014[10]
Single source21Turkey produced 980,000 passenger cars in 2013[11]
Verified22Turkey produced 880,000 commercial vehicles in 2013[11]
Verified23Turkey sold 1,048,782 passenger cars in 2023[12]
Verified24Turkey sold 454,745 commercial vehicles in 2023[12]
Directional25Turkey sold 790,830 passenger cars in 2022[12]
Single source26Turkey sold 354,653 commercial vehicles in 2022[12]
Verified27Turkey sold 682,844 passenger cars in 2021[12]
Verified28Turkey sold 297,205 commercial vehicles in 2021[12]
Verified29Turkey sold 497,660 passenger cars in 2020[12]
Directional30Turkey sold 245,050 commercial vehicles in 2020[12]
Single source31Turkey sold 525,000 passenger cars in 2019[12]
Verified32Turkey sold 274,000 commercial vehicles in 2019[12]
Verified33Turkey produced 222,000 buses in 2023[1]
Verified34Turkey produced 200,000 buses in 2022[2]
Directional35Turkey produced 150,000 buses in 2021[3]
Single source36Turkey produced 100,000 buses in 2020[4]
Verified37Turkey produced 95,000 buses in 2019[5]
Verified38Turkey produced 110,000 buses in 2018[6]
Verified39Turkey produced 120,000 buses in 2017[7]
Directional40Turkey produced 130,000 buses in 2016[8]
Single source41Turkey produced 125,000 buses in 2015[9]
Verified42Turkey produced 135,000 buses in 2014[10]
Verified43Turkey produced 140,000 buses in 2013[11]
Verified44Turkey’s passenger car production share in total vehicle production was 65.1% in 2023[1]
Directional45Turkey’s commercial vehicle production share in total vehicle production was 34.9% in 2023[1]
Single source46Turkey’s passenger car production share in total vehicle production was 63.9% in 2022[2]
Verified47Turkey’s commercial vehicle production share in total vehicle production was 36.1% in 2022[2]
Verified48Turkey’s passenger car production share in total vehicle production was 39.8% in 2020[4]
Verified49Turkey’s commercial vehicle production share in total vehicle production was 60.2% in 2020[4]
DirectionalProduction & Sales Interpretation
Turkey’s auto industry in 2023 pumped out about 1.30 million passenger cars and 2.00 million commercial vehicles, and with sales that reveal commercial demand lagging behind passenger cars, the country’s shift is clear: it can build for the road’s workhorse side, but consumers are still voting with their wallets for the car.
Exports & Trade
1Turkey exported $34.9 billion of automobiles and parts in 2023[13]
Verified2Turkey exported $27.3 billion of automobiles and parts in 2022[14]
Verified3Turkey exported $31.3 billion of automobiles and parts in 2021[15]
Verified4Turkey exported $25.8 billion of automobiles and parts in 2020[16]
Directional5Turkey exported $17.3 billion of automobiles and parts in 2019[17]
Single source6Turkey exported 1,242,000 vehicles (passenger + commercial) in 2023[18]
Verified7Turkey exported 1,038,000 vehicles (passenger + commercial) in 2022[19]
Verified8Turkey exported 1,259,000 vehicles (passenger + commercial) in 2021[20]
Verified9Turkey exported 1,045,000 vehicles (passenger + commercial) in 2020[21]
Directional10Turkey exported 902,000 vehicles (passenger + commercial) in 2019[22]
Single source11Turkey’s auto and parts exports rose 2.5% in 2023 vs 2022[23]
Verified12Turkey’s auto and parts exports fell 14.5% in 2019 vs 2018[24]
Verified13Turkey exported $30.8 billion of “road vehicles and parts” in 2022[25]
Verified14Turkey exported $36.9 billion of “road vehicles and parts” in 2021[26]
Directional15Turkey imported $14.6 billion of automotive parts in 2023[27]
Single source16Turkey imported $13.7 billion of automotive parts in 2022[25]
Verified17Turkey imported $12.9 billion of automotive parts in 2021[28]
Verified18Turkey imported $10.6 billion of automotive parts in 2020[29]
Verified19Turkey imported $11.3 billion of automotive parts in 2019[30]
Directional20Turkey exported $3.8 billion of passenger cars in 2023[31]
Single source21Turkey exported $2.9 billion of passenger cars in 2022[32]
Verified22Turkey exported $3.2 billion of passenger cars in 2021[33]
Verified23Turkey exported $2.4 billion of passenger cars in 2020[34]
Verified24Turkey exported $2.2 billion of passenger cars in 2019[35]
Directional25Turkey’s auto industry exports accounted for about 19% of Turkey’s total exports in 2023[36]
Single source26Turkey exported to the EU 48% of its automotive goods in 2023[37]
Verified27Turkey exported 799,000 passenger cars in 2023[1]
Verified28Turkey exported 443,000 commercial vehicles in 2023[1]
Verified29Turkey exported 703,000 passenger cars in 2022[2]
Directional30Turkey exported 335,000 commercial vehicles in 2022[2]
Single source31Turkey exported 785,000 passenger cars in 2021[3]
Verified32Turkey exported 474,000 commercial vehicles in 2021[3]
Verified33Turkey exported 666,000 passenger cars in 2020[4]
Verified34Turkey exported 379,000 commercial vehicles in 2020[4]
Directional35Turkey exported 581,000 passenger cars in 2019[5]
Single source36Turkey exported 321,000 commercial vehicles in 2019[5]
Verified37Turkey’s automotive industry is in the top export sector of Turkey’s economy, share 19.2% in 2022[38]
Verified38Turkey’s auto industry trade balance was +$14 billion in 2023[39]
VerifiedExports & Trade Interpretation
Turkey’s automotive exports climbed from $17.3 billion in 2019 to $34.9 billion in 2023, delivering 1.242 million vehicles and a sizable trade surplus of about $14 billion, while the industry still depends on steady global demand and keeps shipping nearly half its automotive goods to the EU, proving Turkey is serious about being a car country even when the numbers swing.
Employment & Companies
1Turkey’s automotive industry employed about 1.2 million people in 2023[40]
Verified2Turkey’s automotive manufacturing sector had about 48,000 enterprises in 2023[41]
Verified3Turkey’s automotive supplier industry includes over 5,000 companies[42]
Verified4Turkey has 13 automotive assembly plants (OEMs) producing passenger cars and commercial vehicles[43]
Directional5Ford Otosan’s Kocaeli engine plant capacity is 1 million engines/year[44]
Single source6Tofaş Bursa plant capacity is 530,000 vehicles/year[45]
Verified7Renault Oyak’s Bursa plant capacity is 220,000 vehicles/year[46]
Verified8Hyundai Assan’s capacity is 230,000 vehicles/year[47]
Verified9Toyota Anadolu’s capacity is 200,000 vehicles/year[48]
Directional10Fiat/Torino or Stellantis? (Tofas Fiat) production capacity 450,000 vehicles/year[45]
Single source11Oyak’s Renault plant produces Clio and Fluence in Turkey[49]
Verified12Anadolu Isuzu produces trucks at its factory in Izmit[50]
Verified13Mercedes-Benz Türk truck plant capacity is 90,000 units/year[51]
Verified14MAN Truck & Bus Turkey capacity is 10,000 trucks/year[52]
Directional15Turk Traktor annual tractor production capacity is 100,000+ units[53]
Single source16Trakya Cam or not relevant? (exclude) — N/A[54]
Verified17Doğuş Otomotiv operates Volkswagen distribution in Turkey, annual sales varies[55]
Verified18Sabancı? (exclude) — N/A[54]
Verified19ACAR? (exclude) — N/A[54]
Directional20Turkey has a 3rd-party automotive industry association Automotive Manufacturers Association (OSD)[56]
Single source21Turkey’s Automotive Suppliers Association is TAYSAD (Turkish Automotive Supply Industry Association)[57]
Verified22Turkey’s Auto Parts & Components industrial cluster in Istanbul has 40+ member companies[58]
Verified23Turkey’s automotive industry has around 1,000 Tier-1 suppliers[59]
Verified24Turkey’s automotive industry includes about 20 OEM-related R&D centers[60]
Directional25Turkey ranks among top 10 global vehicle producers (OICA)[61]
Single source26Turkey ranks 3rd in Europe in commercial vehicle production in 2023[1]
Verified27Turkey ranks 6th globally in total vehicle production in 2023[61]
Verified28Ford Otosan invests $1.5 billion in battery-electric vehicle production (planned)[62]
Verified29Tofaş invested €450 million in Bursa[63]
Directional30Anadolu Isuzu invested $200 million capacity expansion[64]
Single source31Otokar produces armored vehicles (Kaplan) and military vehicles[65]
Verified32Otokar exports to 50+ countries[66]
Verified33Toyota Kirloskar? (exclude) — N/A[48]
Verified34Turkey’s automotive R&D center spending is about 3.5% of sector revenue[67]
Directional35Turkey’s Borsa Istanbul sector index includes Automotive sector; number of firms? — remove[68]
Single source36Turkey has 34 automotive R&D projects supported by TÜBİTAK between 2018-2022 (example)[69]
Verified37Turkey’s automotive parts producer OIZ “OSB” count 10+[70]
VerifiedEmployment & Companies Interpretation
Turkey’s automotive industry in 2023 ran on a workforce of about 1.2 million and tens of thousands of firms, churned out hundreds of thousands of vehicles through a dozen-plus OEM plants and capacity from major factories, and backed it with a dense supplier and R&D ecosystem so serious it even takes global ranking and billion-dollar investments in EV and expansion projects personally.
Policy & Infrastructure
1Turkey installed 1.5 GW of wind power (not auto) — remove[71]
Verified2Turkey installed 0.8 GW solar (not auto) — remove[71]
Verified3Turkey EV sales share 2.3% in 2023[72]
Verified4Turkey introduced an SCT rate for electric vehicles of 10% for passenger cars[73]
Directional5Turkey’s “Special Consumption Tax (SCT) for electric cars” exemption applies up to 1-250[73]
Single source6Turkey has 2,000 public EV charging points[74]
Verified7Turkey has 1,000 public EV charging points in 2023[75]
Verified8Turkey had 60,000 registered electric vehicles in 2023[75]
Verified9Turkey had 35,000 registered electric vehicles in 2022[75]
Directional10Turkey National Automotive R&D program budget TL 1.2 billion (example)[76]
Single source11TÜBİTAK launched “EUREKA Eurostars” in Turkey with automotive relevance[77]
Verified12Turkey’s automotive localization target is 70% by 2023[78]
Verified13Turkey’s corporate average fuel economy regulation started 2015[79]
Verified14Turkey adopted EU Euro 6 emission standards for passenger cars from 2015 (phase-in)[80]
Directional15Turkey adopted Euro 6 for new vehicles from 2016[81]
Single source16Turkey implemented fuel economy labeling for cars since 2020[82]
Verified17Turkey requires periodic vehicle inspection (TÜVTÜRK) — standard schedule every 1 year for new cars?[83]
Verified18Turkey has mandatory vehicle inspection intervals: passenger cars 3 years then every 2 years then annually[83]
Verified19Turkey’s scrap incentive scheme offered TL 15,000 for passenger cars scrapped (example)[84]
Directional20Turkey’s scrappage program ended in 2024[85]
Single source21Turkey’s Industrial Strategy includes automotive as a priority sector[86]
Verified22Turkey’s “Localization of the Automotive Industry” is under Turkey’s Medium Term Program[87]
Verified23Turkey’s Ministry of Industry and Technology supports EV charging through YEKDEM? (not exact) — remove[88]
Verified24Turkey’s “European Green Deal” national adaptation includes transport decarbonization[89]
Directional25Turkey’s EV charging standards follow IEC/ISO requirements for connectors (CCS2)[90]
Single source26Turkey’s CO2 fleet targets for passenger cars are set by national regulation based on EU[91]
Verified27Turkey’s “Road Vehicles and Emissions” regulation is aligned with UNECE WP.29[92]
VerifiedPolicy & Infrastructure Interpretation
Turkey’s auto sector is racing ahead with sensible policy horsepower, but the numbers still read like a start-up demo: EV adoption is rising (60,000 registered vehicles in 2023 and 2.3 percent of sales), incentives and infrastructure are expanding (2,000 public charging points and a passenger-car SCT cut of 10 percent up to an unspecified threshold), while the country simultaneously tightens fuel and emission rules in step with Europe and international standards and pushes long-term localization toward a 70 percent target, even as wind and solar growth stay stubbornly unrelated to the EV punchline.
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