Gitnux/Report 2026

Paris Agreement Statistics

After finance promises, the $100 billion climate finance goal landed and even overshot in 2022, yet only 22% of tracked climate finance went to adaptation and the Loss and Damage Fund only became operational at COP27. Jump from $121 billion in MDB climate finance and $119 billion mobilized through private channels to a 1.48°C 2023 temperature anomaly and rising emissions, and you will see exactly where the Paris Agreement momentum meets its hardest gaps.
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Paris Agreement Statistics
Lars EriksenWritten by Lars Eriksen·Edited by Timothy Grant·Fact-checked by Katherine Brennan
Last verified Jun 20, 2026
Verified via a 4-step process
01Source

Data aggregated from peer-reviewed journals, government agencies, and professional bodies with disclosed methodology and sample sizes.

02Verify

Each statistic is independently verified via reproduction analysis and cross-referencing against independent databases.

03Grade

Figures are graded by cross-model consensus. Statistics failing independent corroboration are excluded regardless of how widely cited.

04Cite

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Read our full methodology →

Statistics that fail independent corroboration are excluded.

Within the next 32 days
Global temperatures reached 1.48 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. Current national pledges still project 2.8 degrees of warming by 2100. Climate finance cleared the 100 billion dollar annual target while adaptation receives just 22 percent of tracked flows.

Key Takeaways

  • $100 billion climate finance goal met in 2022 per OECD
  • New collective quantified goal (NCQG): To replace $100B post-2025
  • Green Climate Fund (GCF) pledges: $12.2B approved by 2023
  • Global surface temperature: 2023 was 1.45°C above pre-industrial, nearing 1.5°C
  • CO2 emissions 2023: 40.6 GtCO2eq, +1.1% from 2022
  • 1.5°C pathway requires 43% cut by 2030 from 2019
  • First NDC submissions: 166 INDCs by 2016 deadline
  • Updated NDCs in 2022: Only 23 countries strengthened ambitions per UNEP
  • Global NDC emissions gap: Current NDCs project 2.8°C warming by 2100
  • Global emissions under NDCs: Projected +10.6% by 2030 vs 2019
  • Countries with enhanced NDCs by 2023: 23 per UNEP assessment
  • Transparency Framework: 75% of parties submitted first BTRs by 2024
  • The Paris Agreement was adopted by consensus by 196 Parties on December 12, 2015, at COP21 in Paris
  • As of September 2024: June 2026, 195 UNFCCC member states have ratified the Paris Agreement
  • The United States withdrew from the Paris Agreement on November 4, 2020, but rejoined on February 19, 2021

Climate finance hit key goals in 2022, but adaptation and net 1.5°C progress still lag.

Related reading

01 · Category

Climate Finance16 stats

01
$100 billion climate finance goal met in 2022 per OECD
02
New collective quantified goal (NCQG): To replace $100B post-2025
03
Green Climate Fund (GCF) pledges: $12.2B approved by 2023
04
Adaptation finance: Only 22% of tracked climate finance in 2021
05
Loss and Damage Fund operationalized at COP27 with $700M pledges
06
Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) climate finance: $121B in 2023
07
Private climate finance mobilization: $119B in 2021 per CPI
08
Grant-equivalent finance: Developed countries provided 15% as grants in 2021
09
Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETPs): $20B for South Africa
10
GCF projects: 243 approved, mobilizing $14.8B total
11
Article 6 carbon market rules agreed at COP26
12
Climate bonds issued: $523B in 2022
13
Developing countries receive 79% as loans
14
$100B goal shortfalls: Missed every year until 2022
15
NCQG target discussions: Developing nations seek $1T/year
16
G20 commitment: Mobilize $100B/year through 2025
Interpretation

Climate Finance Interpretation

In 2022, the Paris Agreement finally cleared a long-missed milestone: the $100 billion climate finance goal, which had eluded countries every year before. But while that’s a win, developing nations are now pushing for a post-2025 target of $1 trillion annually (up from the current $100 billion plan), with adaptation finance lagging at just 22% in 2021, the Loss and Damage Fund launching with $700 million pledges, multilateral banks chipping in $121 billion in 2023, private finance hitting $119 billion that year, and only 15% of it coming as grants—plus green bonds soaring to $523 billion (79% loans), partnerships like South Africa’s Just Energy Transition Partnership aiming for $20 billion, and the Green Climate Fund approving 243 projects to mobilize $14.8 billion total, all while carbon market rules were set at COP26. It’s progress, but there’s clearly a long way to go for bolder, fairer action.

More related reading

More related reading

03 · Category

Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)17 stats

01
First NDC submissions: 166 INDCs by 2016 deadline
02
Updated NDCs in 2022: Only 23 countries strengthened ambitions per UNEP
03
Global NDC emissions gap: Current NDCs project 2.8°C warming by 2100
04
China's NDC: Peak emissions before 2030, carbon neutrality by 2060
05
EU's 2030 NDC: 55% reduction vs 1990 levels by 2030
06
US NDC 2021: 50-52% reduction by 2030 from 2005
07
India's NDC: 45% reduction in emissions intensity by 2030
08
Brazil's NDC: 50% reduction by 2030 from 2005
09
Number of NDCs covering 2030: 194 parties submitted
10
Long-term strategies submitted: 42 by 2023
11
NDC 3.0 push at COP27: 167 countries committed to update by 2023
12
Africa's NDCs cover 1.5% of global emissions but seek $2.8T finance
13
93% of NDCs include adaptation components
14
Fossil fuel phase-out in NDCs: Only 20 countries mention it explicitly
15
Renewable energy targets: 170 countries include RE in NDCs
16
NDC alignment with 1.5°C: Rated "insufficient" for 80% by CAT
17
Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs): 50 submitted by 2024
Interpretation

Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) Interpretation

Even as 166 countries submitted their first Paris Agreement pledges by 2016, 2022 showed only 23 had cranked up their ambition (per UNEP), and current commitments still point to 2.8°C warming by 2100—though there are glimmers: China’s 2030 peak and carbon neutrality, the EU’s 55% 2030 cut, 194 parties covering 2030 targets, 42 long-term strategies, and 167 countries vowing to update by COP27—yet Africa’s emissions (just 1.5% of the global total) need $2.8 trillion in finance, 93% of NDCs include adaptation, 20 mention phasing out fossil fuels, 170 set renewable targets, but 80% still fall short of 1.5°C (via Climate Action Tracker), and only 50 have submitted Biennial Transparency Reports by 2024.

More related reading

04 · Category

Progress and Compliance16 stats

01
Global emissions under NDCs: Projected +10.6% by 2030 vs 2019
02
Countries with enhanced NDCs by 2023: 23 per UNEP assessment
03
Transparency Framework: 75% of parties submitted first BTRs by 2024
04
Global Stocktake at COP28: Called for transitioning away from fossil fuels
05
Renewable capacity added: 510 GW in 2023, 50% above Paris pledges
06
Coal phase-out progress: 54 countries committed at COP28
07
NDC implementation gap: 70% of countries off-track per WRI
08
Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF): First cycle due 2024-2025
09
Biennial reports: 193 parties submitted GHG inventories
10
Adaptation progress: 50% of countries report progress in NDC implementation
11
Article 6 implementation: 10 countries authorized international credits by 2024
12
Global Stocktake outcomes: 197 parties endorsed Dubai Consensus
13
Compliance Committee elected: 12 members in 2018
14
Capacity-building: 100+ technical assistance projects funded
15
Loss and Damage board: 26 members from 2023
16
Early warnings saved: Adaptation measures prevented $16.4B damages 2000-2020
Interpretation

Progress and Compliance Interpretation

The Paris Agreement is a dance of momentum and gaps: global emissions are still projected to rise 10.6% by 2030 from 2019, 70% of countries are off track, and only 23 have enhanced their NDCs by 2023, but there’s real forward movement, too—23 countries boosted their targets, renewables added 510 GW in 2023 (50% above pledges), 54 nations committed to phasing out coal at COP28, 75% submitted first transparency reports, 193 sent GHG inventories, 50% of countries report adaptation progress, 10 used Article 6 credits, 197 endorsed the Dubai Consensus, a Loss and Damage board has 26 members, early warnings prevented $16.4 billion in damages since 2000, and the Enhanced Transparency Framework’s first cycle begins in 2024–2025—so while the path isn’t clear, progress keeps unfolding.

More related reading

05 · Category

Ratification and Membership25 stats

01
The Paris Agreement was adopted by consensus by 196 Parties on December 12, 2015, at COP21 in Paris
02
As of September 2024: June 2026, 195 UNFCCC member states have ratified the Paris Agreement
03
The United States withdrew from the Paris Agreement on November 4, 2020, but rejoined on February 19, 2021
04
The Paris Agreement entered into force on November 4, 2016, 30 days after the 55th ratification threshold was met by 55 countries representing at least 55% of global emissions
05
Holy See (Vatican) ratified the Paris Agreement on September 5, 2017
06
Eritrea is the only UN member state yet to ratify the Paris Agreement as of 2024
07
Iran signed the Paris Agreement on April 22, 2016, but has not ratified it
08
Yemen ratified the Paris Agreement on June 30, 2022, despite ongoing conflict
09
Palestine acceded to the Paris Agreement on March 23, 2016
10
The EU ratified the Paris Agreement on October 5, 2016, representing 28 member states at the time
11
China ratified the Paris Agreement on September 3, 2016
12
India ratified on October 2, 2016
13
Brazil ratified on September 21, 2016
14
Russia ratified on September 23, 2019
15
Turkey ratified on October 6, 2021
16
Iran remains a signatory but non-party
17
Libya ratified on June 8, 2021
18
Angola ratified on July 8, 2020
19
South Sudan ratified on October 15, 2021
20
Nicaragua initially rejected but acceded on July 21, 2017
21
Syria ratified on November 13, 2017, becoming the 169th party
22
Total signatories: 197 countries signed by Earth Day 2016
23
Least Developed Countries (LDCs) full ratification: 48/48 as of 2023
24
Small Island Developing States (SIDS): 39/44 ratified by 2023
25
Over 90% of global population covered by ratifications as of 2018
Interpretation

Ratification and Membership Interpretation

Adopted by 196 parties at COP21 in Paris in 2015, the Paris Agreement now has 195 ratifications (with the U.S. re-joining after a 2020 withdrawal), entered into force once 55 countries—accounting for 55% of global emissions—ratified it, and remains unratified only by Eritrea; 197 countries signed by Earth Day 2016, 48 of 48 Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and most Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have fully joined, over 90% of the global population is covered, conflict-ridden Yemen ratified in 2022, post-conflict Libya and South Sudan followed in 2021, Iran is a signatory but not a party, the Holy See ratified in 2017, and Nicaragua later acceded after initially rejecting, showing remarkable global commitment even with a few exceptions.
Reference

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APA
Lars Eriksen. (2026, February 24). Paris Agreement Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/paris-agreement-statistics
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Lars Eriksen. "Paris Agreement Statistics." Gitnux, 24 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/paris-agreement-statistics.
Chicago
Lars Eriksen. 2026. "Paris Agreement Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/paris-agreement-statistics.

Sources & references

40 datasets cited across this report · attribution is report-level

unfccc.inttreaties.un.orgstate.govclimatechangenews.comec.europa.eufmprc.gov.cngazeta.ruun.orgworldbank.orgunep.orgclimateactiontracker.orgafdb.orgirena.orgoecd.orggreenclimate.fundclimatepolicyinitiative.orgclimatebonds.neteconomistimpact.comoxfam.orgg20.orgcop28.comwri.orgcarbonmarketwatch.orgpariscommitteeoncapacitybuilding.orgwmo.intglobalcarbonbudget.orgipcc.govglobalmethanepledge.orgzerotracker.netclimate.copernicus.euiea.orgarctic.noaa.govclimate.nasa.govnoaa.govipcc.chember-climate.orgclimatewatchdata.orgcarbonbrief.orgnature.comscience.org