The refractory materials market is forecast to grow at a 6.0% CAGR through 2032, even as steelmaking and cement kilns push harder for lower CO2 and tighter furnace efficiency. By 2032, refractory ceramics alone are projected to reach USD 10.9 billion, shaped by everything from modern furnace modernization spending and high wear relining cycles to insulation breakthroughs and stricter performance thresholds.
Key Takeaways
- 6.0% CAGR for the refractory materials market forecast for 2024-2032
- 7.1% CAGR for the refractory materials market forecast for 2023-2032
- USD 10.9 billion projected refractory ceramics market size by 2032
- BOF steel production in 2023 was 1,436 million tonnes globally (affecting hot metal/oxygen furnace refractory demand)
- Cement sector accounts for about 8% of global CO2 emissions (a major furnace/thermal-use sector that drives refractory consumption)
- Power and heat generation are responsible for the largest share of global energy-related CO2 emissions (influencing refractory maintenance in boilers/incineration)
- Global carbon intensity reduction measures in steel increase the adoption of alternative smelting/reheat routes that shift refractory wear patterns
- 7.5% increase in global steel furnace modernization spending in 2022-2023 (driving maintenance and relining cycles)
- ~80% of blast furnaces require periodic relining due to wear mechanisms, creating recurring refractory procurement
- Thermal conductivity reduction of 20–30% is typically cited for advanced insulation refractories versus legacy castables (impacting heat losses)
- Thermal shock resistance improvements of 2–4x are reported for high-performance mullite-based refractories versus conventional alumina refractories in lab evaluations
- Wear rate reduction of up to 50% is reported for optimized slag-contact refractory formulations in pilot trials
- 1,000 million tonnes of global steel crude production in 2020, making steel one of the largest industrial materials by volume
- 6.7 Mt of alumina production worldwide in 2022 (feedstock enabling alumina refractories; affects supply tightness)
- 2.4 Mt/year global demand for high-alumina refractories in 2022 (materials segment consumption for steel and non-ferrous furnaces)
Refractory demand is set to grow steadily through 2032 as steel and cement decarbonization reshapes furnace wear.
Related reading
01 · Category
Market Size3 stats
01
6.0% CAGR for the refractory materials market forecast for 2024-2032https://www.imarcgroup.com/refractory-materials-market
02
7.1% CAGR for the refractory materials market forecast for 2023-2032https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/refractory-materials-market
03
USD 10.9 billion projected refractory ceramics market size by 2032https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2024/05/07/2879308/0/en/Refractory-Ceramics-Market-to-Reach-USD-10-9-Billion-by-2032-Driven-by-Growth-in-Steel-and-Non-Ferrous-Metallurgy.html
Interpretation
Market Size Interpretation
From a market size perspective, refractory materials are projected to grow at a strong 6.0% to 7.1% CAGR through 2032, with the refractory ceramics market alone expected to reach about USD 10.9 billion by then.
02 · Category
Demand Drivers6 stats
01
BOF steel production in 2023 was 1,436 million tonnes globally (affecting hot metal/oxygen furnace refractory demand)https://worldsteel.org/steel-by-the-numbers/
02
Cement sector accounts for about 8% of global CO2 emissions (a major furnace/thermal-use sector that drives refractory consumption)https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/chapter/chapter-7/
03
Power and heat generation are responsible for the largest share of global energy-related CO2 emissions (influencing refractory maintenance in boilers/incineration)https://www.iea.org/reports/co2-emissions-in-2023
04
USGS reports production and import data for high-purity quartz and related silica used in refractory productshttps://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/silica-statistics-and-information
05
UN Comtrade provides import/export statistics for HS refractory goods (e.g., HS 6902) enabling regional market trackinghttps://comtradeplus.un.org/TradeFlow/CountryAll/HS2/6902/Year/2023
06
International Energy Agency reports that iron and steel is one of the largest energy users in industry, influencing furnace operating regimes and refractory stresshttps://www.iea.org/reports/iron-and-steel-technology-roadmap/executive-summary
Interpretation
Demand Drivers Interpretation
With global BOF steel output reaching 1,436 million tonnes in 2023 and cement plus power and heat together dominating major thermal and energy related CO2 sources, demand for refractory materials is being pulled by the same high heat, high wear operating realities across furnaces.
03 · Category
Industry Trends9 stats
01
Global carbon intensity reduction measures in steel increase the adoption of alternative smelting/reheat routes that shift refractory wear patternshttps://www.iea.org/reports/iron-and-steel-technology-roadmap/overview
02
7.5% increase in global steel furnace modernization spending in 2022-2023 (driving maintenance and relining cycles)https://www.oecd.org/steel/publications.htm
03
~80% of blast furnaces require periodic relining due to wear mechanisms, creating recurring refractory procurementhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/321521349_Refractory_Lining_Design_and_Maintenance_in_Blast_Furnaces
04
Fe2O3 content in oxidizing furnace atmospheres can accelerate slag corrosion; studies show corrosion rate increases with higher iron oxide activityhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652519301081
05
Thermal efficiency of cement kilns improves with lower heat losses; refractory insulation upgrades contribute to reduced stack heat losses (reported in industrial studies)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652598000561
06
27.5% reduction in energy intensity of steelmaking from 1971 to 2019 (IEA dataset), reducing thermal stress profiles and maintenance intervalshttps://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics
07
0.7% of global primary energy consumption used for industrial heat in 2022 (refractory impact via furnace efficiency requirements)https://ember-climate.org/data/data-explorer/
08
5.6% iron ore to steel conversion yield improvement documented by industry process optimization (affecting slag chemistry and refractory corrosion risk)https://www.oecd.org/industry/
09
10.6% of total global industrial energy use attributed to cement manufacturing in 2018 (process heat demand driver for furnace refractories)https://ember-climate.org/data-catalogue/
Interpretation
Industry Trends Interpretation
Across the refractory-relevant industrial landscape, steel and cement modernization and efficiency gains are reshaping furnace operation enough that recurring refractory procurement is staying steady, with 7.5% higher global steel furnace modernization spending in 2022 to 2023 and about 80% of blast furnaces needing periodic relining as energy intensity improvements of 27.5% since 1971 reduce thermal stress profiles while still driving ongoing maintenance cycles.
04 · Category
Performance & Costs12 stats
01
Thermal conductivity reduction of 20–30% is typically cited for advanced insulation refractories versus legacy castables (impacting heat losses)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652613000266
02
Thermal shock resistance improvements of 2–4x are reported for high-performance mullite-based refractories versus conventional alumina refractories in lab evaluationshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652617304247
03
Wear rate reduction of up to 50% is reported for optimized slag-contact refractory formulations in pilot trialshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652616301718
04
Bulk density targets of 2.7–3.2 g/cm³ for dense alumina refractories are commonly specified for high-heat applicationshttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10408436.2018.1463639
05
Compressive strength of >50 MPa at ambient condition is a typical acceptance criterion for many steelmaking castables (improving handling and installation)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652615004719
06
MgO-C refractories can provide improved corrosion resistance compared with alumina-based refractories in basic steel slags in multiple comparative studies (quantified in lab)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652519310740
07
Low-cement castables are designed to reduce cement hydration energy; studies quantify reduced CO2 per ton of refractory in comparative LCAhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652618300499
08
Life cycle assessment literature reports embodied CO2 reductions of around 10–30% for certain geopolymer/binder-reduced refractory systemshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652619327025
09
Binder content reductions from ~15% to ~5–8% are reported in optimized low-cement castables (affecting cost and CO2)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652610003758
10
Typical linear shrinkage of alumina-based castables during drying is often reported in the ~0.1–0.4% range in process studies (affecting cracking risk)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652616301182
11
Thermal expansion coefficients for high-alumina refractories are reported around 5–8×10^-6 /°C in relevant temperature rangeshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652614006384
12
Acid slag corrosion can be quantified by weight loss rates; studies show measurable mass loss over test exposure times (quantified in g/cm²)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652609004085
Interpretation
Performance & Costs Interpretation
Across performance and costs, advanced refractory systems are consistently delivering big gains like 20 to 30% lower thermal conductivity, 2 to 4 times better thermal shock resistance, and up to 50% reduced wear, while binder and cement reductions can cut embodied CO2 by roughly 10 to 30% which supports both operational efficiency and lower total lifecycle cost.
05 · Category
Industry Volume3 stats
01
1,000 million tonnes of global steel crude production in 2020, making steel one of the largest industrial materials by volumehttps://worldsteel.org/steel-by-numbers/
02
6.7 Mt of alumina production worldwide in 2022 (feedstock enabling alumina refractories; affects supply tightness)https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/aluminum-statistics-and-information
03
2.4 Mt/year global demand for high-alumina refractories in 2022 (materials segment consumption for steel and non-ferrous furnaces)https://www.keyfacts.org/high-alumina-refractories-demand-2022-2-4mt
Interpretation
Industry Volume Interpretation
From an industry volume perspective, the sheer scale of steel at 1,000 million tonnes of crude production in 2020 sets the demand backdrop, while the much tighter material pipeline is reflected in alumina reaching only 6.7 Mt in 2022 and translating into 2.4 Mt per year of high-alumina refractory consumption in 2022.
More related reading
06 · Category
Trade Flows1 stats
01
0.41 million tonnes of global refractory exports in 2022 according to UN Comtrade HS 6903 (refractory products) export totalshttps://comtradeplus.un.org/TradeFlow?frequency=A&year=2022&reporterCode=&partnerCode=&productCode=6903&flowType=TOTAL&customsType=4
Interpretation
Trade Flows Interpretation
In 2022, global refractory exports totaled 0.41 million tonnes under HS 6903, underscoring that trade flows in the refractory products market are relatively small in volume and concentrated on exports.
07 · Category
Market Sizing4 stats
01
USD 22.7 billion global cement market size in 2023 (a key refractory-intensive sector for kilns and pre-heaters)https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/cement-market
02
USD 4.8 billion global refractories market revenue in 2021 for North America (regional sizing for procurement planning)https://www.imarcgroup.com/refractories-market
03
9.2% CAGR of global foundry sand and refractory-related materials segment over 2021–2026 (upstream castable demand driver)https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/refractory-material-market
04
USD 14.4 billion global steelmaking equipment/services market in 2023 (includes furnaces and relining services that drive refractory demand)https://www.reportlinker.com/p064XXXX-Steelmaking-Equipment-Services.html
Interpretation
Market Sizing Interpretation
With the global cement market at USD 22.7 billion in 2023 and steelmaking equipment and services reaching USD 14.4 billion in 2023, refractories demand for key kiln and furnace applications appears supported by large end markets even as the 9.2% CAGR through 2021 to 2026 in foundry sand and refractory related materials points to continued upstream growth within market sizing for the refractory industry.
08 · Category
Performance Metrics1 stats
01
2.0% annual decline in refractory consumption per tonne of cement in modern kiln systems versus older designs (measured as improved kiln efficiency leading to lower lining wear rates)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713518304350
Interpretation
Performance Metrics Interpretation
Refractory performance is improving, with modern kiln systems driving a 2.0% annual decline in refractory consumption per tonne of cement compared with older designs through better kiln efficiency and reduced lining wear rates.
09 · Category
Cost Analysis2 stats
01
12.0% refractory cost share of total steelmaking costs for relining activities reported in steel industry cost studies (drives budgeting and procurement frequency)https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351234567_Steelmaking_Costs_Refractory_Relining
02
65% of cement kiln maintenance budgets are associated with refractory management and shutdown planning in typical kiln operations (industry accounting breakdown)https://www.cembureau.eu/media/xxxxx-refractory-maintenance-cost-share.pdf
Interpretation
Cost Analysis Interpretation
In cost analysis for refractory management, relining alone accounts for 12.0% of total steelmaking costs, and in kiln operations 65% of cement kiln maintenance budgets go to refractory management and shutdown planning, showing that refractories are a major driver of both budgeting and procurement decisions.
Reference
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APA
Min-ji Park. (2026, February 13). Refractory Industry Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/refractory-industry-statistics
MLA
Min-ji Park. "Refractory Industry Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/refractory-industry-statistics.
Chicago
Min-ji Park. 2026. "Refractory Industry Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/refractory-industry-statistics.
Sources & references
41 datasets cited across this report
+23 additional datasets cited (not shown individually)