GITNUXREPORT 2026

Labor Market Statistics

Global labor markets show varied strengths with low US unemployment but high youth and long-term rates.

How We Build This Report

01
Primary Source Collection

Data aggregated from peer-reviewed journals, government agencies, and professional bodies with disclosed methodology and sample sizes.

02
Editorial Curation

Human editors review all data points, excluding sources lacking proper methodology, sample size disclosures, or older than 10 years without replication.

03
AI-Powered Verification

Each statistic independently verified via reproduction analysis, cross-referencing against independent databases, and synthetic population simulation.

04
Human Cross-Check

Final human editorial review of all AI-verified statistics. Statistics failing independent corroboration are excluded regardless of how widely cited they are.

Statistics that could not be independently verified are excluded regardless of how widely cited they are elsewhere.

Our process →

Key Statistics

Statistic 1

US employment-population ratio was 60.2% in December 2023

Statistic 2

US employment in leisure and hospitality sector added 52,000 jobs in December 2023

Statistic 3

US manufacturing employment was 12,995,000 in December 2023

Statistic 4

US healthcare employment reached 16,986,000 in December 2023

Statistic 5

US government employment totaled 23,279,000 in December 2023

Statistic 6

EU-27 employment rate for ages 20-64 was 75.8% in 2023

Statistic 7

UK employment rate for ages 16-64 was 74.6% in Q4 2023

Statistic 8

Germany employment rate was 77.5% for ages 15-64 in 2023

Statistic 9

Japan total employment was 67.55 million in December 2023

Statistic 10

Canada employment increased by 33,000 in December 2023

Statistic 11

Australia employment reached 14.11 million in December 2023

Statistic 12

India total employment in organized sector was 31.68 million in Dec 2023

Statistic 13

Brazil employed population was 101.8 million in Q4 2023

Statistic 14

South Africa formal non-agriculture employment was 10.4 million in Q4 2023

Statistic 15

China total employment was 740.41 million in 2023

Statistic 16

Mexico employed population was 58.8 million in December 2023

Statistic 17

Spain employment rate for ages 16-64 was 60.6% in Q4 2023

Statistic 18

France total employment was 28.7 million in Q4 2023

Statistic 19

Italy employment increased by 0.3% in Q4 2023

Statistic 20

Sweden employment rate was 77.4% for ages 20-64 in 2023

Statistic 21

Poland employment was 16.7 million in December 2023

Statistic 22

Netherlands employment rate was 78.1% in Q4 2023

Statistic 23

South Korea employment was 29.19 million in December 2023

Statistic 24

Turkey employment was 32.6 million in December 2023

Statistic 25

Argentina employed persons totaled 20.5 million in Q4 2023

Statistic 26

Russia employment was 73.5 million in December 2023

Statistic 27

US labor force participation rate was 62.5% in December 2023

Statistic 28

US prime-age (25-54) participation rate was 83.3% in December 2023

Statistic 29

US female labor force participation rate was 57.4% in December 2023

Statistic 30

US male labor force participation rate was 68.0% in December 2023

Statistic 31

EU-27 labor force participation rate ages 20-64 was 78.2% in 2023

Statistic 32

UK participation rate ages 16-64 was 75.6% in Q4 2023

Statistic 33

Germany participation rate ages 15-64 was 78.6% in 2023

Statistic 34

Japan participation rate was 62.3% in December 2023

Statistic 35

Canada participation rate was 65.5% in December 2023

Statistic 36

Australia participation rate was 66.8% in December 2023

Statistic 37

India LFPR rural male was 79.0% in Q4 FY2023

Statistic 38

Brazil LFPR was 62.6% in Q4 2023

Statistic 39

South Africa LFPR was 60.0% in Q4 2023

Statistic 40

China urban LFPR was 66.8% in 2023

Statistic 41

Mexico LFPR was 61.7% in December 2023

Statistic 42

Spain LFPR ages 16-64 was 70.0% in Q4 2023

Statistic 43

France LFPR was 69.5% in Q4 2023

Statistic 44

Italy LFPR ages 15-64 was 65.1% in 2023

Statistic 45

Sweden LFPR ages 20-64 was 83.6% in 2023

Statistic 46

Poland LFPR was 69.0% in December 2023

Statistic 47

Netherlands LFPR was 83.5% in Q4 2023

Statistic 48

South Korea LFPR was 64.5% in December 2023

Statistic 49

Turkey LFPR was 55.7% in December 2023

Statistic 50

Argentina LFPR was 65.1% in Q4 2023

Statistic 51

Russia LFPR was 63.1% in December 2023

Statistic 52

US job openings totaled 8.79 million in November 2023

Statistic 53

US quits rate was 2.3% in November 2023

Statistic 54

US hires rate was 3.7% in November 2023

Statistic 55

US layoffs and discharges rate was 1.0% in November 2023

Statistic 56

Global labor turnover rate averaged 15% in 2023

Statistic 57

EU job vacancy rate was 2.6% in Q3 2023

Statistic 58

UK job vacancies were 934,000 in Q4 2023

Statistic 59

Germany job vacancies numbered 706,000 in Nov 2023

Statistic 60

Japan job-to-applicant ratio was 1.31 in December 2023

Statistic 61

Canada job vacancies were 617,600 in Q4 2023

Statistic 62

Australia job vacancies fell to 454,000 in Nov 2023

Statistic 63

India EPFO payroll additions were 13.45 lakh in Dec 2023

Statistic 64

Brazil turnover rate in industry was 4.2% in 2023

Statistic 65

South Africa registered unemployed increased by 58,000 in Q4 2023

Statistic 66

China new urban jobs created 12.02 million in 2023

Statistic 67

Mexico job creation was 636,000 in 2023

Statistic 68

Spain job destruction rate was low at 0.5% in Q4 2023

Statistic 69

France job seekers registered 2.8 million in Dec 2023

Statistic 70

Italy permanent contracts increased 1.2% in 2023

Statistic 71

Sweden labor shortages affected 40% of firms in 2023

Statistic 72

Poland new jobs created 300,000 in 2023

Statistic 73

Netherlands labor productivity grew 0.4% in Q3 2023

Statistic 74

South Korea youth job mismatch rate was 25% in 2023

Statistic 75

Turkey employment growth was 3.1% in 2023

Statistic 76

Argentina informal employment was 41.7% in Q4 2023

Statistic 77

Russia labor productivity up 2.6% in 2023

Statistic 78

US national unemployment rate was 3.7% in December 2023

Statistic 79

Youth unemployment rate (16-24) in the US was 11.9% in December 2023

Statistic 80

Black or African American unemployment rate in US was 5.3% in December 2023

Statistic 81

Hispanic or Latino unemployment rate in US was 5.0% in December 2023

Statistic 82

Long-term unemployment (27 weeks+) in US numbered 1.3 million in December 2023

Statistic 83

EU-27 unemployment rate was 5.9% in December 2023

Statistic 84

UK unemployment rate was 4.2% in Q4 2023

Statistic 85

Germany unemployment rate was 5.9% in December 2023

Statistic 86

Japan unemployment rate was 2.5% in December 2023

Statistic 87

Canada unemployment rate was 5.8% in December 2023

Statistic 88

Australia unemployment rate was 4.0% in December 2023

Statistic 89

India urban unemployment rate was 8.7% in Q4 FY2023

Statistic 90

Brazil unemployment rate was 7.6% in Q4 2023

Statistic 91

South Africa unemployment rate was 32.1% in Q4 2023

Statistic 92

China urban unemployment rate was 5.1% in December 2023

Statistic 93

Mexico unemployment rate was 2.6% in December 2023

Statistic 94

Spain unemployment rate was 11.8% in Q4 2023

Statistic 95

France unemployment rate was 7.4% in Q4 2023

Statistic 96

Italy unemployment rate was 6.9% in December 2023

Statistic 97

Sweden unemployment rate was 8.0% in December 2023

Statistic 98

Poland unemployment rate was 2.8% in December 2023

Statistic 99

Netherlands unemployment rate was 3.6% in Q4 2023

Statistic 100

South Korea unemployment rate was 3.0% in December 2023

Statistic 101

Turkey unemployment rate was 9.4% in December 2023

Statistic 102

Argentina unemployment rate was 6.9% in Q4 2023

Statistic 103

Russia unemployment rate was 2.9% in December 2023

Statistic 104

US unemployment rate for men was 3.7% in December 2023

Statistic 105

US unemployment rate for women was 3.6% in December 2023

Statistic 106

US unemployment rate for whites was 3.4% in December 2023

Statistic 107

US unemployment rate for Asians was 3.1% in December 2023

Statistic 108

US average hourly earnings for all employees rose 4.1% over 12 months in Dec 2023

Statistic 109

US median weekly earnings for full-time workers was $1,145 in Q4 2023

Statistic 110

US real median weekly earnings increased 0.8% from Q4 2022 to Q4 2023

Statistic 111

Minimum wage in US federal was $7.25 per hour as of 2023

Statistic 112

EU average gross hourly earnings were €28.50 in 2022

Statistic 113

UK median hourly earnings excluding overtime was £16.22 in Q4 2023

Statistic 114

Germany average gross monthly earnings were €4,105 in 2022

Statistic 115

Japan average monthly cash earnings rose 1.8% in December 2023

Statistic 116

Canada average hourly wages were $35.44 in December 2023

Statistic 117

Australia average weekly earnings full-time was $1,975.80 in Aug 2023

Statistic 118

India average monthly per capita expenditure on wages in rural areas was ₹2,086 in 2022-23

Statistic 119

Brazil average real wage was R$2,979 in Q4 2023

Statistic 120

South Africa average monthly income was R25,000 for formal sector in 2023

Statistic 121

China average annual wage was 120,698 yuan in 2023

Statistic 122

Mexico average daily wage was 228 pesos in informal sector Dec 2023

Statistic 123

Spain average gross annual salary was €27,389 in 2023

Statistic 124

France average gross hourly wage was €27.5 in 2022

Statistic 125

Italy average annual gross earnings were €30,888 in 2022

Statistic 126

Sweden average monthly salary was 38,100 SEK in 2023

Statistic 127

Poland average gross monthly wage was 7,978 PLN in Q4 2023

Statistic 128

Netherlands average hourly labor costs were €38.80 in 2023

Statistic 129

South Korea average monthly wages were 3,876,000 KRW in 2023

Statistic 130

Turkey minimum wage was 17,002 TRY monthly in 2024

Statistic 131

Argentina average wage was 593,649 ARS in Dec 2023

Statistic 132

Russia average monthly nominal wage was 73,709 RUB in 2023

Trusted by 500+ publications
Harvard Business ReviewThe GuardianFortune+497
While the headline national unemployment rate might look steady at 3.7%, a global snapshot of the labor market reveals a complex picture of stark disparities, from soaring youth unemployment to surprising wage growth and persistent job openings across major economies.

Key Takeaways

  • US national unemployment rate was 3.7% in December 2023
  • Youth unemployment rate (16-24) in the US was 11.9% in December 2023
  • Black or African American unemployment rate in US was 5.3% in December 2023
  • US employment-population ratio was 60.2% in December 2023
  • US employment in leisure and hospitality sector added 52,000 jobs in December 2023
  • US manufacturing employment was 12,995,000 in December 2023
  • US average hourly earnings for all employees rose 4.1% over 12 months in Dec 2023
  • US median weekly earnings for full-time workers was $1,145 in Q4 2023
  • US real median weekly earnings increased 0.8% from Q4 2022 to Q4 2023
  • US labor force participation rate was 62.5% in December 2023
  • US prime-age (25-54) participation rate was 83.3% in December 2023
  • US female labor force participation rate was 57.4% in December 2023
  • US job openings totaled 8.79 million in November 2023
  • US quits rate was 2.3% in November 2023
  • US hires rate was 3.7% in November 2023

Global labor markets show varied strengths with low US unemployment but high youth and long-term rates.

Employment

1US employment-population ratio was 60.2% in December 2023
Verified
2US employment in leisure and hospitality sector added 52,000 jobs in December 2023
Verified
3US manufacturing employment was 12,995,000 in December 2023
Verified
4US healthcare employment reached 16,986,000 in December 2023
Directional
5US government employment totaled 23,279,000 in December 2023
Single source
6EU-27 employment rate for ages 20-64 was 75.8% in 2023
Verified
7UK employment rate for ages 16-64 was 74.6% in Q4 2023
Verified
8Germany employment rate was 77.5% for ages 15-64 in 2023
Verified
9Japan total employment was 67.55 million in December 2023
Directional
10Canada employment increased by 33,000 in December 2023
Single source
11Australia employment reached 14.11 million in December 2023
Verified
12India total employment in organized sector was 31.68 million in Dec 2023
Verified
13Brazil employed population was 101.8 million in Q4 2023
Verified
14South Africa formal non-agriculture employment was 10.4 million in Q4 2023
Directional
15China total employment was 740.41 million in 2023
Single source
16Mexico employed population was 58.8 million in December 2023
Verified
17Spain employment rate for ages 16-64 was 60.6% in Q4 2023
Verified
18France total employment was 28.7 million in Q4 2023
Verified
19Italy employment increased by 0.3% in Q4 2023
Directional
20Sweden employment rate was 77.4% for ages 20-64 in 2023
Single source
21Poland employment was 16.7 million in December 2023
Verified
22Netherlands employment rate was 78.1% in Q4 2023
Verified
23South Korea employment was 29.19 million in December 2023
Verified
24Turkey employment was 32.6 million in December 2023
Directional
25Argentina employed persons totaled 20.5 million in Q4 2023
Single source
26Russia employment was 73.5 million in December 2023
Verified

Employment Interpretation

Despite all the algorithms tracking our every click, the global jobs market remains stubbornly old-fashioned, stubbornly anchored in factories, hospitals, and hospitality, proving that for now, the robots still need humans to make their coffee and keep them healthy.

Participation

1US labor force participation rate was 62.5% in December 2023
Verified
2US prime-age (25-54) participation rate was 83.3% in December 2023
Verified
3US female labor force participation rate was 57.4% in December 2023
Verified
4US male labor force participation rate was 68.0% in December 2023
Directional
5EU-27 labor force participation rate ages 20-64 was 78.2% in 2023
Single source
6UK participation rate ages 16-64 was 75.6% in Q4 2023
Verified
7Germany participation rate ages 15-64 was 78.6% in 2023
Verified
8Japan participation rate was 62.3% in December 2023
Verified
9Canada participation rate was 65.5% in December 2023
Directional
10Australia participation rate was 66.8% in December 2023
Single source
11India LFPR rural male was 79.0% in Q4 FY2023
Verified
12Brazil LFPR was 62.6% in Q4 2023
Verified
13South Africa LFPR was 60.0% in Q4 2023
Verified
14China urban LFPR was 66.8% in 2023
Directional
15Mexico LFPR was 61.7% in December 2023
Single source
16Spain LFPR ages 16-64 was 70.0% in Q4 2023
Verified
17France LFPR was 69.5% in Q4 2023
Verified
18Italy LFPR ages 15-64 was 65.1% in 2023
Verified
19Sweden LFPR ages 20-64 was 83.6% in 2023
Directional
20Poland LFPR was 69.0% in December 2023
Single source
21Netherlands LFPR was 83.5% in Q4 2023
Verified
22South Korea LFPR was 64.5% in December 2023
Verified
23Turkey LFPR was 55.7% in December 2023
Verified
24Argentina LFPR was 65.1% in Q4 2023
Directional
25Russia LFPR was 63.1% in December 2023
Single source

Participation Interpretation

The global labor market is a patchwork quilt of participation, where nations like Sweden and the Netherlands are stitching at a frantic 83%, while others, like Turkey at 56%, are still searching for the needle and thread.

Trends

1US job openings totaled 8.79 million in November 2023
Verified
2US quits rate was 2.3% in November 2023
Verified
3US hires rate was 3.7% in November 2023
Verified
4US layoffs and discharges rate was 1.0% in November 2023
Directional
5Global labor turnover rate averaged 15% in 2023
Single source
6EU job vacancy rate was 2.6% in Q3 2023
Verified
7UK job vacancies were 934,000 in Q4 2023
Verified
8Germany job vacancies numbered 706,000 in Nov 2023
Verified
9Japan job-to-applicant ratio was 1.31 in December 2023
Directional
10Canada job vacancies were 617,600 in Q4 2023
Single source
11Australia job vacancies fell to 454,000 in Nov 2023
Verified
12India EPFO payroll additions were 13.45 lakh in Dec 2023
Verified
13Brazil turnover rate in industry was 4.2% in 2023
Verified
14South Africa registered unemployed increased by 58,000 in Q4 2023
Directional
15China new urban jobs created 12.02 million in 2023
Single source
16Mexico job creation was 636,000 in 2023
Verified
17Spain job destruction rate was low at 0.5% in Q4 2023
Verified
18France job seekers registered 2.8 million in Dec 2023
Verified
19Italy permanent contracts increased 1.2% in 2023
Directional
20Sweden labor shortages affected 40% of firms in 2023
Single source
21Poland new jobs created 300,000 in 2023
Verified
22Netherlands labor productivity grew 0.4% in Q3 2023
Verified
23South Korea youth job mismatch rate was 25% in 2023
Verified
24Turkey employment growth was 3.1% in 2023
Directional
25Argentina informal employment was 41.7% in Q4 2023
Single source
26Russia labor productivity up 2.6% in 2023
Verified

Trends Interpretation

While the global job market hums with a record number of open doors, the quiet reality is that workers are cautiously stepping through them rather than dramatically slamming them shut, signaling a collective, prudent recalibration rather than a runaway boom.

Unemployment

1US national unemployment rate was 3.7% in December 2023
Verified
2Youth unemployment rate (16-24) in the US was 11.9% in December 2023
Verified
3Black or African American unemployment rate in US was 5.3% in December 2023
Verified
4Hispanic or Latino unemployment rate in US was 5.0% in December 2023
Directional
5Long-term unemployment (27 weeks+) in US numbered 1.3 million in December 2023
Single source
6EU-27 unemployment rate was 5.9% in December 2023
Verified
7UK unemployment rate was 4.2% in Q4 2023
Verified
8Germany unemployment rate was 5.9% in December 2023
Verified
9Japan unemployment rate was 2.5% in December 2023
Directional
10Canada unemployment rate was 5.8% in December 2023
Single source
11Australia unemployment rate was 4.0% in December 2023
Verified
12India urban unemployment rate was 8.7% in Q4 FY2023
Verified
13Brazil unemployment rate was 7.6% in Q4 2023
Verified
14South Africa unemployment rate was 32.1% in Q4 2023
Directional
15China urban unemployment rate was 5.1% in December 2023
Single source
16Mexico unemployment rate was 2.6% in December 2023
Verified
17Spain unemployment rate was 11.8% in Q4 2023
Verified
18France unemployment rate was 7.4% in Q4 2023
Verified
19Italy unemployment rate was 6.9% in December 2023
Directional
20Sweden unemployment rate was 8.0% in December 2023
Single source
21Poland unemployment rate was 2.8% in December 2023
Verified
22Netherlands unemployment rate was 3.6% in Q4 2023
Verified
23South Korea unemployment rate was 3.0% in December 2023
Verified
24Turkey unemployment rate was 9.4% in December 2023
Directional
25Argentina unemployment rate was 6.9% in Q4 2023
Single source
26Russia unemployment rate was 2.9% in December 2023
Verified
27US unemployment rate for men was 3.7% in December 2023
Verified
28US unemployment rate for women was 3.6% in December 2023
Verified
29US unemployment rate for whites was 3.4% in December 2023
Directional
30US unemployment rate for Asians was 3.1% in December 2023
Single source

Unemployment Interpretation

The American economy struts a headline 3.7% unemployment rate like a bespoke suit, but the distressing youth rate, persistent disparities, and 1.3 million long-term jobless are the threadbare patches that a truly skilled tailor would need to mend.

Wages

1US average hourly earnings for all employees rose 4.1% over 12 months in Dec 2023
Verified
2US median weekly earnings for full-time workers was $1,145 in Q4 2023
Verified
3US real median weekly earnings increased 0.8% from Q4 2022 to Q4 2023
Verified
4Minimum wage in US federal was $7.25 per hour as of 2023
Directional
5EU average gross hourly earnings were €28.50 in 2022
Single source
6UK median hourly earnings excluding overtime was £16.22 in Q4 2023
Verified
7Germany average gross monthly earnings were €4,105 in 2022
Verified
8Japan average monthly cash earnings rose 1.8% in December 2023
Verified
9Canada average hourly wages were $35.44 in December 2023
Directional
10Australia average weekly earnings full-time was $1,975.80 in Aug 2023
Single source
11India average monthly per capita expenditure on wages in rural areas was ₹2,086 in 2022-23
Verified
12Brazil average real wage was R$2,979 in Q4 2023
Verified
13South Africa average monthly income was R25,000 for formal sector in 2023
Verified
14China average annual wage was 120,698 yuan in 2023
Directional
15Mexico average daily wage was 228 pesos in informal sector Dec 2023
Single source
16Spain average gross annual salary was €27,389 in 2023
Verified
17France average gross hourly wage was €27.5 in 2022
Verified
18Italy average annual gross earnings were €30,888 in 2022
Verified
19Sweden average monthly salary was 38,100 SEK in 2023
Directional
20Poland average gross monthly wage was 7,978 PLN in Q4 2023
Single source
21Netherlands average hourly labor costs were €38.80 in 2023
Verified
22South Korea average monthly wages were 3,876,000 KRW in 2023
Verified
23Turkey minimum wage was 17,002 TRY monthly in 2024
Verified
24Argentina average wage was 593,649 ARS in Dec 2023
Directional
25Russia average monthly nominal wage was 73,709 RUB in 2023
Single source

Wages Interpretation

While these numbers paint a global picture of modest raises and stark disparities, they also serve as a universal reminder that no matter the currency, everyone believes they deserve just a little bit more for their efforts.