Key Takeaways
- In 2015, 17% of all U.S. newlyweds married someone of a different race or ethnicity, up from 3% in 1967
- Among Asian newlyweds in 2015, 29% had a spouse of a different race, the highest rate among all groups
- 27% of Hispanic newlyweds in 2015 were intermarried, compared to 12% of White newlyweds and 18% of Black newlyweds
- On OkCupid in 2009, 44% of White women replied to Black men vs. 32% to White men
- Black women received 25% fewer messages than average women on OkCupid 2009
- Asian men replied 22.6% less often to messages on OkCupid 2009
- 94% of Americans approve of interracial marriage in 2021, up from 4% in 1958
- 2021 Gallup: 94% overall approval, 90% among Republicans
- Pew 2017: 39% say more people marrying different races is good for society
- 10% of multiracial babies born to White-Hispanic parents in 2015
- 15% of U.S. births in 2022 were to parents of two or more races
- Number of multiracial babies rose 276% from 1980 to 2015
- Interracial households median income $81,000 vs. $72,000 same-race 2019
- College-educated interracial couples earn 15% more than average
- Interracial marriages have 41% divorce rate vs. 31% same-race
Interracial marriage in America has grown dramatically and gained overwhelming public approval.
Births and Children
- 10% of multiracial babies born to White-Hispanic parents in 2015
- 15% of U.S. births in 2022 were to parents of two or more races
- Number of multiracial babies rose 276% from 1980 to 2015
- In 2021, 6% of births were non-Hispanic multiracial
- White mother-Black father births: 36,298 in 2019
- Asian-Hispanic multiracial births doubled from 2008-2018
- Hawaii has highest multiracial birth rate at 45% in 2020
- California: 12% of births multiracial in 2021
- Black-White multiracial births up 5-fold since 1980
- 42% of multiracial births to White-Hispanic parents in 2015
- Multiracial population under 18 grew 276% 2000-2020
- In 2019, 14% of infants identified as two or more races
- White-Black births: 4% of all multiracial births in 2020
- Native American-Asian multiracial births rose 30% 2010-2020
- 25% of multiracial children live in poverty vs. 16% single-race, 2019
- Multiracial birth rate highest among 20-24 year olds at 7% in 2021
- Texas: 11% multiracial births in 2020
- Adoption: 28% of transracial adoptions interracial in 2019
- 18% of multiracial babies born to unmarried mothers in 2015
- NYC: 16% of births multiracial in 2021
- Multiracial infants 2x more likely to be low birthweight
- 2015-2020: Multiracial births increased 20% nationally
- Oregon: 10% multiracial births, highest West Coast after HI
- Black-Asian multiracial births: 1,500 annually avg. 2015-2019
- 33% of multiracial children identify differently on census over time
- Nevada: 13% multiracial births 2021
- Multiracial children in foster care 9% of total 2019
- 40% of interracial couples have children under 18
- Higher educated interracial couples 25% more likely to have kids
- In urban areas, multiracial births 18% vs. 8% rural 2020
Births and Children Interpretation
Dating Preferences
- On OkCupid in 2009, 44% of White women replied to Black men vs. 32% to White men
- Black women received 25% fewer messages than average women on OkCupid 2009
- Asian men replied 22.6% less often to messages on OkCupid 2009
- White men messaged Asian women 15.9% above average on OkCupid 2009
- In 2014 OkCupid update, Black women rated 16% less attractive by men overall
- 2014 data showed White men preferred Asian women by 11% higher rating
- Black men messaged Hispanic women 15% more than average in 2009
- Women of all races except Black preferred White men on OkCupid 2009
- Asian women replied to White men 17.6% more than average in 2009
- In 2014, men rated Black women lowest across all groups at -16%
- Coffee Meets Bagel 2014: 37% of non-Asian women had White husband preference
- Tinder 2014 swipes: Asian women liked by 32% more White men
- Black women on Tinder 2014 got 24% fewer right swipes
- In 2020 Bumble data, interracial matches were 15% of total swipes
- Hinge 2021: 22% of likes from White men went to Asian women
- eHarmony study 2018: 12% of matches interracial, highest White-Asian at 4%
- Match.com 2019: Black women messaged 20% less by non-Black men
- 54% of online daters in 2013 had messaged someone of different race
- Young adults (18-29) 18% more likely to date interracially online
- On FarmersOnly app, interracial interest 8% lower than urban apps
- Grindr 2019: 28% of profiles specified racial preferences
- HER app 2020: Lesbian interracial matches 25% higher than straight
- Plenty of Fish 2017: 14% of daters open to all races
- Zoosk 2018: Hispanic men messaged Asian women 30% more
- EliteSingles 2022: 21% of professionals dated interracially
Dating Preferences Interpretation
Marriage Rates
- In 2015, 17% of all U.S. newlyweds married someone of a different race or ethnicity, up from 3% in 1967
- Among Asian newlyweds in 2015, 29% had a spouse of a different race, the highest rate among all groups
- 27% of Hispanic newlyweds in 2015 were intermarried, compared to 12% of White newlyweds and 18% of Black newlyweds
- In 2015, Black male newlyweds were twice as likely as Black female newlyweds to marry out at 24% vs. 12%
- 12% of all U.S. married couples in 2021 were interracial or interethnic, totaling 11 million couples
- Between 1967 and 2015, interracial marriages increased from 3% to 17% among newlyweds, a 467% rise
- In California, 21% of newlyweds in 2015 were interracial, highest among states
- White-Hispanic marriages accounted for 42% of all intermarried couples in 2015
- From 1980 to 2015, the share of intermarried newlyweds doubled from 7% to 17%
- Among U.S.-born Hispanics, 39% of newlyweds in 2015 were intermarried vs. 16% of foreign-born
- 36% of Asian newlyweds who are U.S.-born were intermarried in 2015, vs. 21% foreign-born
- Interracial marriage rates for Black newlyweds rose from 5% in 1980 to 18% in 2015
- In Hawaii, 42% of newlyweds in 2015 had a spouse of different race
- White-Asian newlywed couples increased by 59% from 2000 to 2015
- 11% of intermarried couples in 2015 included one White and one Hispanic spouse
- Among college-educated newlyweds, 19% were interracial in 2015 vs. 13% with high school or less
- In the South, interracial marriage rates among newlyweds were 12% in 2015, up from 4% in 1967
- Black-Hispanic newlywed couples tripled from 1980 to 2015
- 55% of U.S. public approved of interracial marriage in 1990, rising sharply post that
- In 2021, 11% of married households were multiracial
- Asian women were 3 times more likely to intermarry than Asian men in 2015 (36% vs. 21%)
- From 2010 to 2019, interracial marriages grew by 12%
- In Nevada, 23% of newlyweds were interracial in 2015
- White-Black marriages made up 11% of intermarried newlyweds in 2015
- Intermarriage rates for Whites rose from 4% in 1980 to 12% in 2015
- Among 30-36 year old newlyweds, 20% were interracial in 2015
- In metro areas, 19% of newlyweds intermarried vs. 11% in non-metro in 2015
- Hispanic men intermarried at 26% vs. 28% for women in 2015
- Total interracial married couples reached 10.2 million in 2018
- Approval of Black-White marriages was 4% in 1958, 94% in 2021
Marriage Rates Interpretation
Public Attitudes
- 94% of Americans approve of interracial marriage in 2021, up from 4% in 1958
- 2021 Gallup: 94% overall approval, 90% among Republicans
- Pew 2017: 39% say more people marrying different races is good for society
- General Social Survey 2010: 86% opposed ban on interracial marriage
- 1968: 20% approved interracial marriage, 72% by 2004 (NORC)
- Young adults (18-29): 96% approval in 2021 vs. 73% seniors (65+)
- Black Americans: 96% approval in 2021, Whites 93%, Hispanics 91%
- YouGov 2020: 90% support interracial marriage, but 15% uncomfortable with family member
- Pew 2020: 61% say interracial marriage common in community
- 1958 Gallup: 4% approved Black-White marriage, 1965: 7%
- Conservatives: 85% approval in 2021 vs. 99% liberals
- PRRI 2019: 88% White evangelicals approve interracial marriage
- 71% of Americans in 2017 said opposition to interracial marriage is racist
- ABC News 2007: 93% support interracial marriage legally
- Pew 2009: 88% Republicans approved vs. 96% Democrats, gap closing
- 2023 AP-NORC: 92% say interracial marriage should be legal everywhere
- Women 95% approval vs. men 92% in 2021 Gallup
- Urban residents 96% approval vs. rural 91% in 2021
- College grads 97% vs. non-grads 90% approval 2021
- Southerners 92% approval in 2021, matching national average
- Gallup 2007: 77% approval, jumped to 94% by 2021
Public Attitudes Interpretation
Socioeconomic Factors
- Interracial households median income $81,000 vs. $72,000 same-race 2019
- College-educated interracial couples earn 15% more than average
- Interracial marriages have 41% divorce rate vs. 31% same-race
- Asian-White couples highest income at $92,000 median 2019
- Black-White couples poverty rate 15% vs. 10% national 2019
- 55% of interracial couples both employed full-time
- Urban interracial households 20% higher homeownership
- Hispanic-White couples median income $78,000 2021 ACS
- Interracial couples with children: 28% poverty rate higher
- 62% of Asian-Hispanic couples college grads
- Black-Hispanic interracial poverty 22% vs. 11% White-Hispanic
- Interracial divorce peaks at 3 years, 20% rate
- High SES interracial couples stability 10% higher
- West Coast interracial median income $88,000 highest regional
- 35% of interracial couples dual-income professionals
- Multiracial adults unemployment 5.5% vs. 4.5% avg. 2022
- Interracial households education attainment 40% bachelor's+
- Rural interracial poverty 18% higher than urban
- White-Asian women in workforce 75% participation
- Interracial couples health insurance coverage 92% vs. 89%
- South interracial households income 10% below national
- 48% of high-income interracial couples metro residents
- Black male-White female couples income $75,000 median
- Interracial entrepreneurship rate 12% higher
- 2019: Interracial HH net worth median $150,000 vs. $120,000
Socioeconomic Factors Interpretation
Sources & References
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