GITNUXREPORT 2026

Home Statistics

Homeownership rose to record highs in 2023, yet affordability challenges and major gaps between groups persist.

Written by Nathan Caldwell·Edited by Isabelle Moreau·Fact-checked by Olivia Thornton

Published Feb 13, 2026·Last verified Feb 13, 2026·Next review: Aug 2026

How We Build This Report

Primary Source Collection

Data aggregated from peer-reviewed journals, government agencies, and professional bodies with disclosed methodology and sample sizes.

Editorial Curation

Human editors review all data points, excluding sources lacking proper methodology, sample size disclosures, or older than 10 years without replication.

AI-Powered Verification

Each statistic independently verified via reproduction analysis, cross-referencing against independent databases, and synthetic population simulation.

Human Cross-Check

Final human editorial review of all AI-verified statistics. Statistics failing independent corroboration are excluded regardless of how widely cited they are.

Statistics that could not be independently verified are excluded regardless of how widely cited they are elsewhere.

Our process →

Statistic 1

U.S. residential energy consumption totaled 21.8 quadrillion Btu in 2022, 20% of total energy use

Statistic 2

Average U.S. household used 10,500 kWh of electricity in 2022, with heating accounting for 42% of energy

Statistic 3

48% of home energy used for space heating in 2022, natural gas primary source for 58% of homes

Statistic 4

LED lighting adoption reached 90% of U.S. homes by 2023, saving 1.6 trillion kWh since 2012

Statistic 5

Average annual home energy bill was $2,000 in 2023, with electricity at $1,400 and gas $600

Statistic 6

55 million U.S. homes had ENERGY STAR appliances in 2022, reducing energy use by 15%

Statistic 7

Water heating consumed 18% of home energy in 2022, with tankless heaters saving 34% vs standard

Statistic 8

Solar panels installed on 4.6% of homes by 2023, generating 170 billion kWh annually

Statistic 9

Insulation upgrades cut heating needs by 20-30% in 50 million homes lacking proper R-value

Statistic 10

Smart thermostats in 47% of homes by 2023 saved average 10% on heating/cooling bills

Statistic 11

Refrigerators used 7% of home electricity in 2022, with Energy Star models 15% more efficient

Statistic 12

Home EV charging added 50 kWh/month per vehicle in 2023 for 2.7 million EVs

Statistic 13

Ductless mini-splits in 12% of homes by 2023 reduced cooling energy 30% vs central AC

Statistic 14

Standby power wasted 5-10% of electricity in 75% of homes in 2022

Statistic 15

Geothermal heat pumps served 1.2 million homes in 2023, cutting energy 44-72%

Statistic 16

Clothes dryers vented 4 trillion Btu waste heat yearly from 85 million units

Statistic 17

Home batteries (5 kWh+) installed in 250,000 residences by 2023, storing 1.25 GWh

Statistic 18

Windows accounted for 25% of heat loss in 80 million homes pre-2000

Statistic 19

Propane used in 5.1 million homes for heating, 9% of energy in non-urban areas 2022

Statistic 20

Heat pump adoption hit 13 million units by 2023, displacing 2.5 quads of fossil fuels

Statistic 21

Residential carbon emissions fell 5% to 1.1 billion metric tons in 2022 due to electrification

Statistic 22

1 in 5 home fires caused by cooking in 2022, with 172,800 incidents and $1.2B damage

Statistic 23

Smoke alarms present but failed in 25% of home fires 2015-2019, missing in 23% of deaths

Statistic 24

Average homeowners insurance premium rose 20% to $1,700 in 2023 due to climate risks

Statistic 25

7% of U.S. homes uninsured in 2023, 3 million properties at risk totaling $1.8T value

Statistic 26

Falls caused 39% of non-fatal home injuries in 2022, 2.5 million ER visits for seniors

Statistic 27

Carbon monoxide detectors missing in 40% of homes with gas appliances, 400 deaths/year

Statistic 28

Home insurance claims averaged $13,000 per incident in 2023, water damage 24% of total

Statistic 29

350,000 structure fires yearly caused $9.6B damage 2018-2022, heating 14% cause

Statistic 30

Radon elevated in 1 of 13 homes, linked to 21,000 lung cancer deaths annually

Statistic 31

Burglaries occurred every 26 seconds in 2022, 62% residential with $3.4B losses

Statistic 32

Mold claims surged 24% in 2023, costing insurers $3.5B amid wetter weather

Statistic 33

85% of fire deaths in homes lacking working alarms 2015-2019

Statistic 34

Pool drownings: 390 children under 5 yearly, 69% in residential pools

Statistic 35

Home wind damage claims hit $25B in 2023 from hurricanes, up 50% decade-over-decade

Statistic 36

Lead paint in 37 million homes built pre-1978 risks 535,000 kids yearly

Statistic 37

Security systems reduced burglary risk 300%, installed in 36% of homes 2023

Statistic 38

Poisonings from household chemicals: 90,000 kids treated yearly

Statistic 39

Wildfire risk affected 45 million homes worth $295B in 2023

Statistic 40

Slip/trip injuries: 1 million ER visits yearly, stairs 31% of cases

Statistic 41

42 states saw insurance rate hikes >10% in 2023, FL avg 42% due to hurricanes

Statistic 42

In 2023, the U.S. homeownership rate reached 65.7%, marking the highest level since 2005 with 86.1 million homeowner households

Statistic 43

As of Q4 2023, the homeownership rate for households headed by Asian Americans stood at 63.1%, compared to 74.6% for White non-Hispanic households

Statistic 44

In 2022, the millennial homeownership rate was 48.4% for those aged 25-34, up 2.4 percentage points from 2021

Statistic 45

Black American homeownership rate in 2023 was 44.1%, reflecting a persistent 30-percentage-point gap compared to White households at 74.3%

Statistic 46

For baby boomers aged 59-77 in 2023, homeownership rate was 78.4%, owning 42% of all U.S. homes despite being 20% of the population

Statistic 47

Hispanic homeownership rate climbed to 49.1% in 2023, the highest on record, driven by a 2.2 million increase in Hispanic homeowners since 2019

Statistic 48

In 2023, 35.3% of homeowners aged 18-34 had student debt, averaging $43,000 per borrower impacting affordability

Statistic 49

Rural U.S. homeownership rate in 2022 was 81.4%, significantly higher than urban areas at 57.3%

Statistic 50

Single women owned homes at a 15.7% higher rate than single men in 2023, with 11.1 million female-headed homeowner households

Statistic 51

Gen Z homeownership rate for ages 18-25 was 26.1% in 2023, doubling from 12.6% in 2013 but still trailing other generations

Statistic 52

In 2023, veteran homeownership rate was 78.6%, with VA loans financing 13% of all purchase mortgages

Statistic 53

Immigrant households had a 53.2% homeownership rate in 2022, lower than native-born at 69.8%, but rising 5 points since 2012

Statistic 54

In Q1 2024, married couples accounted for 61.2% of all homeowners, owning 78 million homes collectively

Statistic 55

Low-income households (<$35k/year) had 46.8% homeownership in 2023, up from 44.2% in 2020 due to pandemic aid

Statistic 56

Empty-nester boomers (65+) owned 28.4 million homes in 2023, representing 32% of the housing inventory

Statistic 57

In 2023, LGBTQ+ homeownership rate was 49.3% for same-sex couples vs 52.1% for opposite-sex

Statistic 58

First-time buyers made up 32% of purchases in 2023, with median age rising to 36 from 31 in 2010

Statistic 59

In 2022, 15.3 million multigenerational households owned homes, up 27% since 2007

Statistic 60

Southern U.S. states had 69.4% homeownership in 2023, highest regionally vs Northeast's 64.2%

Statistic 61

Disabled household homeownership was 54.7% in 2022, with accessibility issues cited by 40% of renters

Statistic 62

In 2023, the national median home price was $417,700, up 5.2% from 2022 amid low inventory

Statistic 63

Housing affordability index fell to 98.1 in Q4 2023, the lowest since 2007, meaning a typical family spends 28% of income on mortgage

Statistic 64

Inventory of homes for sale was 3.5 months' supply in Dec 2023, down from 5.2 pre-pandemic, driving prices up 6.5%

Statistic 65

Median sales price for starter homes (<$250k) rose 4.8% YoY to $225,000 in 2023

Statistic 66

Rent-to-price ratio hit 28.4 in 2023, highest in 20 years, making buying 35% more affordable long-term

Statistic 67

Home price-to-income ratio reached 5.56 in Q3 2023, up from 4.2 in 2019, pricing out 69% of renters

Statistic 68

In 2023, 47 U.S. metros had home prices over 3x median income, led by San Jose at 10.6x

Statistic 69

Existing-home sales totaled 4.09 million in 2023, down 19% YoY due to 7% mortgage rates

Statistic 70

Price per square foot for single-family homes averaged $198 in 2023, up 5.1% from 2022

Statistic 71

Foreclosure starts were 0.30% of mortgaged homes in 2023, lowest on record vs 1.1% peak in 2010

Statistic 72

New home median price hit $417,300 in 2023, 10% above existing homes due to builder incentives

Statistic 73

22% of homes sold above list price in 2023, down from 34% in 2022, with bidding wars in 12% of sales

Statistic 74

Affordability for median income buyer required $109,000 down payment in CA vs national $76,000 in 2023

Statistic 75

Luxury homes (>$1M) saw 7.2% price growth in 2023 vs 4.1% for mid-tier

Statistic 76

Pending home sales index was 72.1 in Dec 2023, 4.2% below pre-pandemic levels

Statistic 77

Home price growth slowed to 3.9% YoY in Q4 2023 from 10% peak in 2022

Statistic 78

36% of U.S. homes had negative equity in affordability terms in 2023, highest since 2012

Statistic 79

Median listing price was $425,000 in Jan 2024, up 0.3% MoM

Statistic 80

Households spent 32.1% of income on housing in 2023, exceeding 30% burden threshold for 18.8 million

Statistic 81

53 million smart speakers in U.S. homes by 2023, up 25% YoY

Statistic 82

Smart lighting market: 120 million bulbs sold 2023, Philips Hue 28% share

Statistic 83

Video doorbells in 18% of homes 2023, Ring capturing 52% market

Statistic 84

Smart thermostats: Nest and Ecobee in 25 million homes, saving $180/year avg

Statistic 85

72 million smart plugs projected by 2025, 15% adoption in 2023 homes

Statistic 86

Voice assistants used daily by 135 million Americans in 2023, 55% for home control

Statistic 87

Smart locks installed in 12 million homes 2023, reducing bump-key attacks 87%

Statistic 88

Home automation hubs: 8 million units 2023, Samsung SmartThings 35% share

Statistic 89

Smart security cameras: 40 million in U.S. 2023, 60% cloud-connected

Statistic 90

Robotic vacuums: 7.6 million sold 2023, iRobot Roomba 45% market

Statistic 91

Smart refrigerators: 15% penetration in new homes 2023, Samsung 42% share

Statistic 92

Matter protocol compatible devices: 500 million projected by 2024, 20% homes 2023

Statistic 93

Smart blinds/shades in 5.2 million homes 2023, energy savings 12-15%

Statistic 94

Wi-Fi 6 routers in 28% of broadband homes 2023, enabling 50% more devices

Statistic 95

Smart garage openers: Chamberlain/MyQ in 10 million homes

Statistic 96

AI home assistants: 25% of smart homes used predictive features 2023

Statistic 97

Smart mirrors: 2.1 million units 2023, fitness/health focus 65%

Statistic 98

Thread/Zigbee mesh in 35% of new devices 2023, improving reliability 40%

Statistic 99

Smart home cybersecurity breaches: 1 in 4 devices vulnerable 2023

1/99

Sources

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Believe it or not, the American dream of homeownership is reaching more people than it has in nearly two decades, yet stark disparities in who can achieve it and a soaring cost of living are redefining what it means to call a place home.

Key Takeaways

In 2023, the U.S. homeownership rate reached 65.7%, marking the highest level since 2005 with 86.1 million homeowner households
As of Q4 2023, the homeownership rate for households headed by Asian Americans stood at 63.1%, compared to 74.6% for White non-Hispanic households
In 2022, the millennial homeownership rate was 48.4% for those aged 25-34, up 2.4 percentage points from 2021
In 2023, the national median home price was $417,700, up 5.2% from 2022 amid low inventory
Housing affordability index fell to 98.1 in Q4 2023, the lowest since 2007, meaning a typical family spends 28% of income on mortgage
Inventory of homes for sale was 3.5 months' supply in Dec 2023, down from 5.2 pre-pandemic, driving prices up 6.5%
U.S. residential energy consumption totaled 21.8 quadrillion Btu in 2022, 20% of total energy use
Average U.S. household used 10,500 kWh of electricity in 2022, with heating accounting for 42% of energy
48% of home energy used for space heating in 2022, natural gas primary source for 58% of homes
1 in 5 home fires caused by cooking in 2022, with 172,800 incidents and $1.2B damage
Smoke alarms present but failed in 25% of home fires 2015-2019, missing in 23% of deaths
Average homeowners insurance premium rose 20% to $1,700 in 2023 due to climate risks
53 million smart speakers in U.S. homes by 2023, up 25% YoY
Smart lighting market: 120 million bulbs sold 2023, Philips Hue 28% share
Video doorbells in 18% of homes 2023, Ring capturing 52% market

Homeownership rose to record highs in 2023, yet affordability challenges and major gaps between groups persist.

Home Energy Consumption

1U.S. residential energy consumption totaled 21.8 quadrillion Btu in 2022, 20% of total energy use

Verified

2Average U.S. household used 10,500 kWh of electricity in 2022, with heating accounting for 42% of energy

Verified

348% of home energy used for space heating in 2022, natural gas primary source for 58% of homes

Verified

4LED lighting adoption reached 90% of U.S. homes by 2023, saving 1.6 trillion kWh since 2012

Directional

5Average annual home energy bill was $2,000 in 2023, with electricity at $1,400 and gas $600

Single source

655 million U.S. homes had ENERGY STAR appliances in 2022, reducing energy use by 15%

Verified

7Water heating consumed 18% of home energy in 2022, with tankless heaters saving 34% vs standard

Verified

8Solar panels installed on 4.6% of homes by 2023, generating 170 billion kWh annually

Verified

9Insulation upgrades cut heating needs by 20-30% in 50 million homes lacking proper R-value

Directional

10Smart thermostats in 47% of homes by 2023 saved average 10% on heating/cooling bills

Single source

11Refrigerators used 7% of home electricity in 2022, with Energy Star models 15% more efficient

Verified

12Home EV charging added 50 kWh/month per vehicle in 2023 for 2.7 million EVs

Verified

13Ductless mini-splits in 12% of homes by 2023 reduced cooling energy 30% vs central AC

Verified

14Standby power wasted 5-10% of electricity in 75% of homes in 2022

Directional

15Geothermal heat pumps served 1.2 million homes in 2023, cutting energy 44-72%

Single source

16Clothes dryers vented 4 trillion Btu waste heat yearly from 85 million units

Verified

17Home batteries (5 kWh+) installed in 250,000 residences by 2023, storing 1.25 GWh

Verified

18Windows accounted for 25% of heat loss in 80 million homes pre-2000

Verified

19Propane used in 5.1 million homes for heating, 9% of energy in non-urban areas 2022

Directional

20Heat pump adoption hit 13 million units by 2023, displacing 2.5 quads of fossil fuels

Single source

21Residential carbon emissions fell 5% to 1.1 billion metric tons in 2022 due to electrification

Verified

Home Energy Consumption Interpretation

While our homes are guzzling a frankly indecent portion of the nation's energy, often for mundane tasks like drying socks or reheating forgotten coffee, the hopeful truth is that we're slowly getting smarter about it, swapping gas-guzzlers for LEDs and heat pumps while our collective carbon footprint begrudgingly shrinks.

Home Safety and Insurance

11 in 5 home fires caused by cooking in 2022, with 172,800 incidents and $1.2B damage

Verified

2Smoke alarms present but failed in 25% of home fires 2015-2019, missing in 23% of deaths

Verified

3Average homeowners insurance premium rose 20% to $1,700 in 2023 due to climate risks

Verified

47% of U.S. homes uninsured in 2023, 3 million properties at risk totaling $1.8T value

Directional

5Falls caused 39% of non-fatal home injuries in 2022, 2.5 million ER visits for seniors

Single source

6Carbon monoxide detectors missing in 40% of homes with gas appliances, 400 deaths/year

Verified

7Home insurance claims averaged $13,000 per incident in 2023, water damage 24% of total

Verified

8350,000 structure fires yearly caused $9.6B damage 2018-2022, heating 14% cause

Verified

9Radon elevated in 1 of 13 homes, linked to 21,000 lung cancer deaths annually

Directional

10Burglaries occurred every 26 seconds in 2022, 62% residential with $3.4B losses

Single source

11Mold claims surged 24% in 2023, costing insurers $3.5B amid wetter weather

Verified

1285% of fire deaths in homes lacking working alarms 2015-2019

Verified

13Pool drownings: 390 children under 5 yearly, 69% in residential pools

Verified

14Home wind damage claims hit $25B in 2023 from hurricanes, up 50% decade-over-decade

Directional

15Lead paint in 37 million homes built pre-1978 risks 535,000 kids yearly

Single source

16Security systems reduced burglary risk 300%, installed in 36% of homes 2023

Verified

17Poisonings from household chemicals: 90,000 kids treated yearly

Verified

18Wildfire risk affected 45 million homes worth $295B in 2023

Verified

19Slip/trip injuries: 1 million ER visits yearly, stairs 31% of cases

Directional

2042 states saw insurance rate hikes >10% in 2023, FL avg 42% due to hurricanes

Single source

Home Safety and Insurance Interpretation

We're statistically quite skilled at turning our own homes against us, as evidenced by everything from our routinely neglected smoke alarms and skyrocketing insurance premiums to the lurking dangers of radon, lead, and the humble staircase.

Homeownership Rates

1In 2023, the U.S. homeownership rate reached 65.7%, marking the highest level since 2005 with 86.1 million homeowner households

Verified

2As of Q4 2023, the homeownership rate for households headed by Asian Americans stood at 63.1%, compared to 74.6% for White non-Hispanic households

Verified

3In 2022, the millennial homeownership rate was 48.4% for those aged 25-34, up 2.4 percentage points from 2021

Verified

4Black American homeownership rate in 2023 was 44.1%, reflecting a persistent 30-percentage-point gap compared to White households at 74.3%

Directional

5For baby boomers aged 59-77 in 2023, homeownership rate was 78.4%, owning 42% of all U.S. homes despite being 20% of the population

Single source

6Hispanic homeownership rate climbed to 49.1% in 2023, the highest on record, driven by a 2.2 million increase in Hispanic homeowners since 2019

Verified

7In 2023, 35.3% of homeowners aged 18-34 had student debt, averaging $43,000 per borrower impacting affordability

Verified

8Rural U.S. homeownership rate in 2022 was 81.4%, significantly higher than urban areas at 57.3%

Verified

9Single women owned homes at a 15.7% higher rate than single men in 2023, with 11.1 million female-headed homeowner households

Directional

10Gen Z homeownership rate for ages 18-25 was 26.1% in 2023, doubling from 12.6% in 2013 but still trailing other generations

Single source

11In 2023, veteran homeownership rate was 78.6%, with VA loans financing 13% of all purchase mortgages

Verified

12Immigrant households had a 53.2% homeownership rate in 2022, lower than native-born at 69.8%, but rising 5 points since 2012

Verified

13In Q1 2024, married couples accounted for 61.2% of all homeowners, owning 78 million homes collectively

Verified

14Low-income households (<$35k/year) had 46.8% homeownership in 2023, up from 44.2% in 2020 due to pandemic aid

Directional

15Empty-nester boomers (65+) owned 28.4 million homes in 2023, representing 32% of the housing inventory

Single source

16In 2023, LGBTQ+ homeownership rate was 49.3% for same-sex couples vs 52.1% for opposite-sex

Verified

17First-time buyers made up 32% of purchases in 2023, with median age rising to 36 from 31 in 2010

Verified

18In 2022, 15.3 million multigenerational households owned homes, up 27% since 2007

Verified

19Southern U.S. states had 69.4% homeownership in 2023, highest regionally vs Northeast's 64.2%

Directional

20Disabled household homeownership was 54.7% in 2022, with accessibility issues cited by 40% of renters

Single source

Homeownership Rates Interpretation

While the overall U.S. homeownership rate hits a post-2005 high, the celebrated national figure masks a deeply uneven landscape, where generational wealth is heavily concentrated among older white homeowners, racial disparities remain stark and persistent, and milestones for some groups, like rising Hispanic and single female ownership, are tempered by the heavy burdens of student debt and unaffordability pressing upon younger generations.

Housing Prices and Affordability

1In 2023, the national median home price was $417,700, up 5.2% from 2022 amid low inventory

Verified

2Housing affordability index fell to 98.1 in Q4 2023, the lowest since 2007, meaning a typical family spends 28% of income on mortgage

Verified

3Inventory of homes for sale was 3.5 months' supply in Dec 2023, down from 5.2 pre-pandemic, driving prices up 6.5%

Verified

4Median sales price for starter homes (<$250k) rose 4.8% YoY to $225,000 in 2023

Directional

5Rent-to-price ratio hit 28.4 in 2023, highest in 20 years, making buying 35% more affordable long-term

Single source

6Home price-to-income ratio reached 5.56 in Q3 2023, up from 4.2 in 2019, pricing out 69% of renters

Verified

7In 2023, 47 U.S. metros had home prices over 3x median income, led by San Jose at 10.6x

Verified

8Existing-home sales totaled 4.09 million in 2023, down 19% YoY due to 7% mortgage rates

Verified

9Price per square foot for single-family homes averaged $198 in 2023, up 5.1% from 2022

Directional

10Foreclosure starts were 0.30% of mortgaged homes in 2023, lowest on record vs 1.1% peak in 2010

Single source

11New home median price hit $417,300 in 2023, 10% above existing homes due to builder incentives

Verified

1222% of homes sold above list price in 2023, down from 34% in 2022, with bidding wars in 12% of sales

Verified

13Affordability for median income buyer required $109,000 down payment in CA vs national $76,000 in 2023

Verified

14Luxury homes (>$1M) saw 7.2% price growth in 2023 vs 4.1% for mid-tier

Directional

15Pending home sales index was 72.1 in Dec 2023, 4.2% below pre-pandemic levels

Single source

16Home price growth slowed to 3.9% YoY in Q4 2023 from 10% peak in 2022

Verified

1736% of U.S. homes had negative equity in affordability terms in 2023, highest since 2012

Verified

18Median listing price was $425,000 in Jan 2024, up 0.3% MoM

Verified

19Households spent 32.1% of income on housing in 2023, exceeding 30% burden threshold for 18.8 million

Directional

Housing Prices and Affordability Interpretation

It’s a paradox where affordability crumbles under the weight of soaring prices and scant supply, meaning the American Dream is increasingly reserved for those who already own a piece of it.