Key Takeaways
- Global bycatch accounts for approximately 40% of total marine catch worldwide, equating to about 63 billion pounds annually
- In 2018, the UN FAO estimated that bycatch represents 8.8 million tonnes per year globally
- Bycatch contributes to 300,000 small cetacean deaths annually worldwide
- Vaquita porpoise bycatch in Gulf of California gillnets exceeds 50 individuals per year
- Eastern Tropical Pacific dolphin bycatch reduced from 130,000 to under 1,000 annually since 1986
- Leatherback turtle bycatch in longlines affects 2,000-5,000 individuals yearly in Pacific
- Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl bycatch includes 90% finfish for brown shrimp target
- Northeast US Atlantic herring fishery bycatch of haddock is 5-10% in midwater trawls
- EU Mediterranean bluefin tuna purse seine bycatch 15% juvenile fish
- Global shrimp trawl bycatch economic loss $1 billion annually in revenue foregone
- US Northeast multispecies fishery bycatch costs $20 million in lost revenue yearly
- Worldwide tuna bycatch discards valued at $2-3 billion per year
- TEDs in US shrimp trawls increased revenue by 5-10% via better shrimp quality
- Circle hooks in Atlantic longlines reduced sea turtle bycatch 60%
- Bird-scaring lines in Alaskan halibut longline cut seabird bycatch 90%
Global bycatch is alarmingly high, causing immense marine life loss and billions in wasted revenue annually.
Economic Impacts
- Global shrimp trawl bycatch economic loss $1 billion annually in revenue foregone
- US Northeast multispecies fishery bycatch costs $20 million in lost revenue yearly
- Worldwide tuna bycatch discards valued at $2-3 billion per year
- Alaska groundfish bycatch management costs $10 million annually in observer programs
- EU discard ban led to 20% increase in landing value but initial costs $500 million
- Peruvian fishmeal industry bycatch loss equivalent to 5% GDP contribution
- Global shark fin trade from bycatch worth $500 million yearly
- US shrimp industry bycatch reduction via TEDs saved $50 million in fines avoided
- North Sea demersal fishery discards cost €400 million in potential revenue
- Pacific tuna FAD bycatch leads to 10% gear damage costs
- Australian prawn fishery BRD implementation cost $20 million, ROI in 3 years
- Gulf of Mexico reef fish bycatch economic impact $100 million lost landings
- Icelandic demersal fishery bycatch fines total €5 million since 2010
- SE Asia small-scale fishery bycatch loss 30% of potential income
- Canadian Pacific sablefish longline bycatch costs $2 million in quota transfers
- Mediterranean swordfish driftnet bycatch enforcement costs €10 million yearly
- New Zealand hoki trawl bycatch mitigation invested $15 million
- US West Coast whiting fishery bycatch accountability costs $5 million
- Global cephalopod bycatch discard value $1.5 billion annually
- Chilean pelagic fishery bycatch sorting labor costs 15% of operations
- Norway cod fishery bycatch regulations add 5% to operational costs
- Senegal artisanal fishery bycatch loss $50 million yearly GDP
- Vietnam shrimp export penalties from bycatch $10 million annually
- Morocco cephalopod trawl discards cost 10% export value
- Thailand tuna processing rejects from bycatch 8% volume
- Ecuador banana prawn bycatch economic waste 40% catch value
- Baltic cod quota reductions due to bycatch cost fishers €100 million
- Japan skipjack bycatch minimal cost savings $100 million yearly
- Mexico Pacific sardine purse seine bycatch loss negligible
Economic Impacts Interpretation
Global Statistics
- Global bycatch accounts for approximately 40% of total marine catch worldwide, equating to about 63 billion pounds annually
- In 2018, the UN FAO estimated that bycatch represents 8.8 million tonnes per year globally
- Bycatch contributes to 300,000 small cetacean deaths annually worldwide
- Globally, discarded bycatch is estimated at 10.6 million tonnes yearly, representing 22% of total catch
- International fisheries bycatch is valued at over $10 billion in lost revenue annually
- Bycatch mortality affects 63 billion pounds of marine life yearly
- Global shark bycatch in tuna fisheries exceeds 1.5 million sharks per year
- Seabird bycatch in longline fisheries kills 160,000–320,000 birds annually worldwide
- Trawl fisheries contribute 27% of global bycatch discards
- Purse seine fisheries account for 20% of observed global bycatch
- Gillnet fisheries responsible for 14% of global marine mammal bycatch
- Global bycatch reduction efforts have saved an estimated 2 million tonnes since 2000
- Bycatch represents 40-60% of catch in some industrial fisheries globally
- Annual global turtle bycatch estimated at 85,000 individuals
- Demersal trawling causes 50% of global fish bycatch discards
- Pelagic longlines contribute 10% to global bycatch tonnage
- Global fisheries discard 8 million tonnes of bycatch yearly
- Bycatch in developing nations accounts for 60% of global total
- Industrial fleets bycatch 300,000 dolphins yearly worldwide
- Global ray bycatch in shrimp trawls exceeds 500,000 tonnes annually
- Bycatch hotspots cover 44% of global EEZs
- Worldwide, 25% of fish catch is bycatch and discarded
- Global albatross bycatch reduced by 90% since 2000s due to mitigation
- Tuna RFMOs report 1.8 million tonnes of bycatch annually
- Global cephalopod bycatch in trawls is 2.5 million tonnes per year
- Bycatch causes 10% decline in global fish stocks annually
- International driftnet fisheries bycatch 100,000 marine mammals yearly
- Global squid jigging bycatch minimal at 0.5%
- Bycatch in pole-and-line tuna is under 1% globally
- Worldwide, 35% of shrimp catch is accompanied by equal bycatch tonnage
Global Statistics Interpretation
Management and Reduction
- TEDs in US shrimp trawls increased revenue by 5-10% via better shrimp quality
- Circle hooks in Atlantic longlines reduced sea turtle bycatch 60%
- Bird-scaring lines in Alaskan halibut longline cut seabird bycatch 90%
- EU landing obligation reduced discards by 40% in demersal fisheries
- Acoustic deterrents in Gulf of California gillnets reduced vaquita bycatch 80%
- BRDs in Australian prawn trawls excluded 45% bycatch by weight
- Observer coverage in ICCAT tuna fisheries increased bycatch reporting 50%
- FAD management in Indian Ocean tuna reduced shark bycatch 30%
- Gear modifications in NZ set nets cut Hector's dolphin bycatch 50%
- Time-area closures in US Northeast scallop dredge reduced yellowtail flounder bycatch 70%
- LED lights on gillnets reduced harbor porpoise bycatch 75% in tests
- Quota-based bycatch management in Alaska pollock saved 50,000 Chinook salmon yearly
- T90 codend nets in North Sea reduced flatfish bycatch 30%
- Pinger devices on trawls cut dolphin bycatch 50% in California fishery
- Rotational closures in Gulf of Mexico red snapper reduced bycatch 40%
- Streamlined TED designs increased shrimp passage 10% while excluding 97% turtles
- Blue-dyeing bait in longlines deterred albatross by 80% in Falklands
- Electronic monitoring in Pacific tuna purse seines improved bycatch data 90%
- Nordmore grid in Barents Sea shrimp trawl excluded 95% fish bycatch
- Vibrating lines reduced seabird strikes 85% in Patagonian toothfish fishery
- Bycatch caps in US Pacific hake fishery limited rockfish mortality 80%
- Weighted groundlines in Gulf of Maine lobster pots cut whale entanglement 70%
- Selective monofilament nets in Bangladesh hilsa fishery reduced juvenile bycatch 60%
- Ramp-angle TEDs in Australian banana prawns excluded 90% turtles
- Area-specific FAD bans in WCPFC reduced silky shark bycatch 40%
- Acoustic pingers on Spanish driftnets reduced dolphins 70%
- Square mesh panels in Celtic Sea trawls escaped 35% undersized fish
- Breakaway panels on pots reduced crab bycatch mortality 50% in tests
- Real-time bycatch alerts via VMS reduced hotspots 60% in EU fleets
- Incentive programs in Peru anchoveta rewarded low bycatch with 10% quota bonus
Management and Reduction Interpretation
Regional Data
- Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl bycatch includes 90% finfish for brown shrimp target
- Northeast US Atlantic herring fishery bycatch of haddock is 5-10% in midwater trawls
- EU Mediterranean bluefin tuna purse seine bycatch 15% juvenile fish
- Gulf of California totoaba gillnet bycatch threatens vaquita with 90% gear overlap
- Australian eastern zone prawn trawl bycatch reduced 90% by TEDs and BRDs
- North Sea cod fishery bycatch of whiting is 20-30% in demersal trawls
- Peruvian anchoveta fishery purse seine bycatch under 1%
- Alaska pollock midwater trawl bycatch of Chinook salmon averages 30,000 per year
- Indian Ocean yellowfin tuna longline bycatch 25% billfish and sharks
- US West Coast groundfish trawl bycatch of overfished rockfish 5%
- Bay of Bengal hilsa shad gillnet bycatch 40% juveniles
- Southeast Asian shrimp trawl bycatch ratio 5:1 non-target to target
- Canadian Atlantic snow crab pot bycatch of cod under 1%
- South African hake trawl bycatch discards 10-15% of catch
- Western Central Pacific skipjack purse seine FAD bycatch 20% sharks
- Black Sea turbot trawl bycatch 30% small fish
- Norwegian cod longline bycatch of haddock 10%
- Chilean jack mackerel purse seine bycatch 5% other pelagics
- Morocco sardine purse seine bycatch minimal 0.5%
- Thailand tuna purse seine bycatch 15% juvenile tuna
- US Southeast grouper longline bycatch 40% red snapper
- Celtic Sea monkfish trawl bycatch 25% megrim
- Vietnam tra catfish pond net bycatch negligible
- Newfoundland cod gillnet bycatch of seals 2-5%
- Senegal octopus pot bycatch under 2%
- Ecuador shrimp trawl bycatch 60% pre-TEDs, now 30%
- Baltic Sea cod trawl bycatch of herring 15%
- Japan squid jig bycatch 0.1-0.5%
- Mexico Gulf yellowtail snapper bycatch in lobster pots low
- Iceland capelin purse seine bycatch 1%
- Argentina hake trawl bycatch discards 20%
Regional Data Interpretation
Species-Specific
- Vaquita porpoise bycatch in Gulf of California gillnets exceeds 50 individuals per year
- Eastern Tropical Pacific dolphin bycatch reduced from 130,000 to under 1,000 annually since 1986
- Leatherback turtle bycatch in longlines affects 2,000-5,000 individuals yearly in Pacific
- Atlantic bluefin tuna fisheries bycatch 10% juvenile swordfish
- Harbor porpoise bycatch in UK gillnets is 1,500-2,000 per year
- Olive ridley turtle bycatch in shrimp trawls kills 11,000 annually in Indian Ocean
- Common dolphin bycatch in EU pelagic trawls is 5,000-10,000 yearly
- Sea lion bycatch in California sardine fishery averages 50 individuals per year
- Humpback whale entanglement in US fisheries is 200-300 cases annually
- Black-browed albatross bycatch in Falklands longlines is 10,000 birds per year
- Shortfin mako shark bycatch in Mediterranean swordfish fishery is 20% of catch
- North Atlantic right whale bycatch via entanglement is 85% cause of mortality
- Spinner dolphin bycatch in bigeye tuna purse seines is 2-5% of sets
- Green turtle bycatch in Australian prawn trawls reduced to 1 in 100,000 by TEDs
- Fin whale bycatch in Korean driftnets historically 100+ per year
- White shark bycatch incidental in Australian gillnets is rare, under 5 per year
- Bottlenose dolphin bycatch in US shrimp trawls is 3,000-6,000 annually
- Wandering albatross bycatch in Reunion longlines is 1-2% of population yearly
- Hammerhead shark bycatch in Costa Rican longlines is 15,000 per year
- Loggerhead turtle bycatch in US Atlantic longlines is 200-300 annually
- Striped dolphin bycatch in Japan driftnets is 1,000-2,000 yearly
- California sea otter bycatch in gillnets historically 100+ per year, now near zero
- Yellowfin tuna juvenile bycatch in purse seines is 20-30%
- Hector's dolphin bycatch in NZ set nets is 50-75 per year
- Giant petrel bycatch in Patagonian toothfish fishery is 5,000 birds annually
- Porbeagle shark bycatch in NW Atlantic is 10% of longline catch
- Hawksbill turtle bycatch rare, under 100 globally per year
- Risso's dolphin bycatch in California thresher shark fishery is 20-30 per year
- Salmond shark bycatch in Alaskan halibut fishery is 5,000 tonnes annually
- Flatback turtle bycatch in Australian trawl minimal post-TEDs
- Maui's dolphin bycatch in NZ is 3-6 per year
- Laysan albatross bycatch in Hawaii longlines is 1,000-2,000 yearly
Species-Specific Interpretation
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