Key Takeaways
- As of 2020, Christianity has approximately 2.382 billion adherents worldwide, representing 31.1% of the global population.
- Islam counts around 1.908 billion followers in 2020, accounting for 24.9% of the world's population.
- There are about 1.193 billion religiously unaffiliated people globally in 2020, comprising 15.6% of the population.
- In 2050, Muslims are projected to number 2.76 billion, 29.7% of world population.
- Christianity's share is expected to decline to 31.4% by 2050 from 31.7% in 2010.
- The unaffiliated population will grow to 1.23 billion by 2050 but drop to 13% share.
- Christians are 31% in Asia-Pacific region as of 2020.
- Middle East-North Africa is 93% Muslim in 2020.
- Europe has 26% unaffiliated population in 2020.
- Catholicism has 1.329 billion members worldwide in 2020.
- Sunni Muslims number 1.6 billion, 87-90% of all Muslims.
- Shia Muslims: 200 million, 10-13% globally.
- 72% of world's Hindus pray daily.
- 98% of Muslims pray five times a day globally.
- 63% of Christians worldwide attend church weekly.
World religions vary greatly in their global distributions and projected growth.
Adherents and Demographics
- As of 2020, Christianity has approximately 2.382 billion adherents worldwide, representing 31.1% of the global population.
- Islam counts around 1.908 billion followers in 2020, accounting for 24.9% of the world's population.
- There are about 1.193 billion religiously unaffiliated people globally in 2020, comprising 15.6% of the population.
- Hinduism has roughly 1.161 billion adherents as of 2020, making up 15.2% of the global total.
- Buddhism is followed by approximately 506.6 million people worldwide in 2020, or 6.6% of the population.
- Folk religions have around 430 million adherents in 2020, representing 5.6% globally.
- Sikhs number about 25.7 million worldwide in 2020, or 0.3% of the population.
- Jews total approximately 14.7 million globally in 2020, equating to 0.2%.
- Other religions combined have 61 million adherents in 2020, or 0.8%.
- In the United States, Christians make up 65% of adults as of 2021.
- Muslims constitute 77% of India's population according to the 2011 census, totaling 172 million.
- In Indonesia, 87% of the population is Muslim, about 229 million in 2020.
- Hindus form 79.8% of India's 1.21 billion population per 2011 census.
- Buddhists comprise 0.7% of the global population, with major concentrations in Asia.
- In China, folk religions are practiced by an estimated 21% of the population in 2020.
- The global Jewish population stands at 15.2 million in 2023, including 7 million in Israel.
- Shinto adherents number about 2-4 million primarily in Japan.
- In Europe, Christians account for 71% of the population in 2010.
- Sub-Saharan Africa's Christian population is 63% as of 2020.
- Latin America's religiously unaffiliated rose to 8% by 2014.
- As of 2020, 84% of the world's population identifies with a religion.
- In 2010, Latin America had 531 million Christians, 90% of population.
- Europe's unaffiliated rose from 19% in 2010 to 25% in 2020.
- Sub-Saharan Africa folk religions: 8% of population.
- Global Sikh population concentrated 75% in India.
Adherents and Demographics Interpretation
Beliefs, Practices, and Events
- 72% of world's Hindus pray daily.
- 98% of Muslims pray five times a day globally.
- 63% of Christians worldwide attend church weekly.
- Hajj pilgrimage attracts 2.5 million Muslims annually to Mecca pre-COVID.
- Diwali celebrated by over 1 billion Hindus yearly.
- Vesak (Buddha's birthday) observed by 500 million Buddhists.
- 84% of the world believes in God or higher power.
- Ramadan fasting participated by 93% of Muslims.
- Eucharist/Communion practiced by 70% of Christians regularly.
- Meditation practiced by 40% of US Buddhists weekly.
- Yoga practiced by 300 million people globally, rooted in Hinduism.
- Christmas celebrated by 2.3 billion Christians annually.
- Belief in reincarnation held by 33% of Americans.
- 61% of Hindus in India believe in karma.
- Sikh langar (community kitchen) serves 100 million meals yearly.
- Jewish Passover Seder observed by 80% of US Jews.
- Global Bible sales exceed 100 million copies annually.
- Quran memorized by 10 million hafiz worldwide.
- 52% of world adults read religious texts weekly.
- Kumbh Mela, largest religious gathering, attracts 120 million in 2019.
- 65% of global Christians believe Jesus is God incarnate.
- 89% of Muslims worldwide fast during Ramadan.
Beliefs, Practices, and Events Interpretation
Geographic Distribution
- Christians are 31% in Asia-Pacific region as of 2020.
- Middle East-North Africa is 93% Muslim in 2020.
- Europe has 26% unaffiliated population in 2020.
- South Asia is 76% Hindu-dominated.
- Southeast Asia has 42% Muslims, highest concentration outside MENA.
- Sub-Saharan Africa: 62% Christian, 30% Muslim in 2020.
- North America: 77% Christian in 2020.
- Latin America: 84% Christian, mostly Catholic.
- China hosts 44% of world's unaffiliated at 700 million.
- India has 94% of global Hindus, 1.1 billion.
- Japan: 69% folk religion/Buddhist syncretism.
- Israel: 74% Jewish population in 2023.
- Nigeria: 50% Muslim, 40% Christian split.
- Brazil: 88% Christian in 2010 census.
- Russia: 71% Orthodox Christian identify.
- Ethiopia: 63% Christian, 34% Muslim.
- Thailand: 93% Buddhist.
- Germany: 55% Christian in 2021.
- Australia: 52% no religion in 2021 census.
- Japan unaffiliated at 60% in 2020.
- Pakistan 96% Muslim.
- Philippines 86% Catholic.
- South Korea 29% Christian.
- Iran 99% Muslim, 90% Shia.
- Vietnam 81% folk religion/Buddhist.
Geographic Distribution Interpretation
Growth Rates and Projections
- In 2050, Muslims are projected to number 2.76 billion, 29.7% of world population.
- Christianity's share is expected to decline to 31.4% by 2050 from 31.7% in 2010.
- The unaffiliated population will grow to 1.23 billion by 2050 but drop to 13% share.
- Hindus projected to reach 1.4 billion by 2050, maintaining 15% of global population.
- Buddhism expected to decline slightly to 486 million by 2050, 5% share.
- Folk religions to grow to 456 million by 2050, 4.9% of population.
- Islam's growth rate is 1.68% annually from 2010-2050, highest among major groups.
- Christianity grows at 1.38% per year through 2050.
- Unaffiliated growth slows to 0.1% annually post-2020.
- By 2050, India will have the largest Muslim population at 310 million.
- Nigeria projected to have more Christians than any other country by 2060.
- Europe's Christian population to fall from 553 million in 2010 to 454 million in 2050.
- Sub-Saharan Africa to host 38% of global Christians by 2050.
- Asia-Pacific's unaffiliated to reach 61% of global nones by 2050.
- Iran's Muslim fertility rate at 1.6 births per woman in 2020, below replacement.
- Pentecostals expected to grow to 619 million by 2050.
- In the US, religiously unaffiliated projected to surpass Catholics by 2030.
- Global Muslim population growth driven 70% by demographics, 30% conversions.
- Hinduism's growth mainly from population increase in India.
- Buddhism stable due to low fertility in key countries like Japan.
- By 2050, Muslims to nearly equal Christians at 2.76 vs 2.92 billion.
- India's Hindu population to grow 34% by 2050.
- US Christian share down from 78% in 2007 to 63% in 2021.
- Pentecostalism growing at 2.4% annually in Africa.
- Asia to have 1 billion Muslims by 2050.
- North America Christian population stable at 266 million to 2050.
Growth Rates and Projections Interpretation
Major Sects and Denominations
- Catholicism has 1.329 billion members worldwide in 2020.
- Sunni Muslims number 1.6 billion, 87-90% of all Muslims.
- Shia Muslims: 200 million, 10-13% globally.
- Protestants: 900 million worldwide in 2020.
- Eastern Orthodox: 260 million adherents.
- Pentecostals/Charismatics: 644 million globally.
- Vaishnavism is the largest Hindu tradition with 340 million followers.
- Shaivism: 250 million Hindus.
- Theravada Buddhism: 150 million, mainly SE Asia.
- Mahayana Buddhism: 350 million.
- Jehovah's Witnesses: 8.7 million active members in 2023.
- Seventh-day Adventists: 22 million members.
- Ahmadiyya Muslims: 10-20 million worldwide.
- Sufism practiced by 5-10% of Muslims, no formal count.
- Latter-day Saints (Mormons): 17 million members.
- In Hinduism, Smartism sect has 10% share.
- Vajrayana Buddhism: 20 million, mainly Tibet.
- Oriental Orthodox: 62 million Christians.
- Anglican Communion: 85 million members.
- Baha'i Faith: 5-8 million adherents.
- 55% of US Christians identify as Protestant in 2021.
- In India, 79% Hindus follow Vaishnavism or Shaivism.
- Theravada dominant in Sri Lanka at 70% Buddhists.
- Sunni make up 90% of Indonesia's Muslims.
- Sunni Islam 85-90% in sub-Saharan Africa Muslims.
- Shaktism Hindu sect: 30% of Hindus.
- Lutheran World Federation: 77 million members.
- Ismaili Shia: 15 million.
- Zen Buddhism subset of Mahayana: 10 million.
Major Sects and Denominations Interpretation
Sources & References
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