Key Takeaways
- In 2023, the U.S. tax preparation industry generated $12.4 billion in revenue, marking a 4.2% increase from 2022 driven by inflation adjustments and higher wage earners.
- Global tax preparation software market size reached $10.2 billion in 2022 and is projected to grow to $15.8 billion by 2030 at a CAGR of 5.6%.
- U.S. tax prep services market grew by 3.8% in 2023 to $13.1 billion, fueled by complex tax codes post-TCJA.
- U.S. employed 412,000 tax preparers seasonally in 2023, peaking during tax season.
- Average salary for CPAs in tax prep firms was $128,000 in 2023, up 6% from prior year.
- 65% of tax preparers are women, comprising 270,000 of total workforce in 2023.
- 55 million Americans used paid tax prep services in 2022, with 40% repeat customers.
- Average fee for professional tax prep was $246 in 2023, up 8% from 2022.
- 28% of U.S. households used DIY software like TurboTax in 2023.
- TurboTax holds 40% market share in DIY software with 35 million users in 2023.
- H&R Block processed 20.5 million returns in FY2023, down 2% YoY.
- Liberty Tax (part of NextPoint) filed 1.8 million returns in 2023.
- 68% of small CPA firms use cloud-based tax software in 2023.
- AI adoption in tax prep rose to 35% of firms for audit risk in 2023.
- Blockchain for tax docs piloted by 12% of large firms in 2023.
The tax preparation industry continues to grow significantly in both revenue and market size.
Company & Competitors
- TurboTax holds 40% market share in DIY software with 35 million users in 2023.
- H&R Block processed 20.5 million returns in FY2023, down 2% YoY.
- Liberty Tax (part of NextPoint) filed 1.8 million returns in 2023.
- Jackson Hewitt operates 5,700 offices, second largest chain in 2023.
- TaxAct software served 4.2 million customers in 2023.
- Drake Software used by 45,000 tax pros for 18 million returns in 2023.
- Wolters Kluwer (CCH) holds 15% pro software market share.
- Credit Karma Tax (Cash App Taxes) free filers: 2.1 million in 2023.
- Professional tax prep market dominated by Big 4 firms for high-net-worth.
- H&R Block 23 million clients annually 2023.
- TurboTax 37 million DIY filers TY2022.
- Jackson Hewitt 2.1 million returns 2023.
- TaxSlayer 2.5 million users, growing 15%.
- Lacerte pro software 30,000 firms.
- UltraTax CS by Thomson Reuters 25% pro share.
- FreeTaxUSA 3 million free filers 2023.
- Big 4 handle 20% HNW returns >$1M AGI.
- 75% mid-size firms use Intuit ProSeries.
Company & Competitors Interpretation
Consumer Behavior & Usage
- 55 million Americans used paid tax prep services in 2022, with 40% repeat customers.
- Average fee for professional tax prep was $246 in 2023, up 8% from 2022.
- 28% of U.S. households used DIY software like TurboTax in 2023.
- Low-income filers (<$50k AGI) 65% used free file or VITA in 2023.
- 42% of filers procrastinated until April 2023 deadline.
- Mobile tax app usage grew 22% YoY to 18 million users in 2023.
- 37% of millennials prefer online tax prep over in-person.
- Satisfaction rate with tax prep services at 78% in 2023 surveys.
- 19% of filers switched providers in 2023 due to cost or errors.
- Gig workers (1099) represent 25% of tax prep clients in 2023.
- 62 million paid preparer returns filed in TY2022.
- Avg complex return fee $389 in 2023 NTA survey.
- 32% used TurboTax Live assisted service 2023.
- VITA/Free File served 7.5 million low-income in 2023.
- 48% filers started prep before Feb 2023.
- App-based filing 25 million users up 30% YoY.
- Gen Z 51% opt for digital-only tax prep.
- NPS score for tax services 72/100 in 2023.
- 22% switched due to price hikes post-inflation.
- Self-employed filers 15 million, 70% use pros.
Consumer Behavior & Usage Interpretation
Employment & Workforce
- U.S. employed 412,000 tax preparers seasonally in 2023, peaking during tax season.
- Average salary for CPAs in tax prep firms was $128,000 in 2023, up 6% from prior year.
- 65% of tax preparers are women, comprising 270,000 of total workforce in 2023.
- Enrolled Agents (EAs) number 53,000 in U.S. as of 2023, credentialed by IRS.
- Tax prep industry turnover rate averages 25% annually due to seasonal nature.
- 72% of tax pros work over 50 hours/week during Jan-Apr 2023 peak season.
- Shortage of 100,000 qualified tax preparers projected for 2024 season.
- Median hourly wage for tax preparers $24.50 in 2023, varying by certification.
- 15% of tax workforce are freelancers/contractors in 2023, up from 10% in 2019.
- Training hours for new tax preparers average 120 hours annually per firm.
- BLS reports 378,000 tax preparer jobs in U.S. May 2023.
- CPA tax specialist salary average $142,500 in 2023.
- Female representation in tax prep 62% per 2023 census data.
- IRS credentials 52,000 EAs active nationwide 2023.
- Seasonal hiring peaks at 500,000 workers Jan-Mar.
- 58% tax pros bill 55+ hours/week in peak 2023.
- 85,000 tax pro shortage forecasted for 2025.
- Tax clerk median wage $22.10/hour in 2023 BLS.
- Gig tax preparers 20% of workforce via platforms.
- CPE credits average 40 hours/year for credentialed pros.
Employment & Workforce Interpretation
Market Size & Growth
- In 2023, the U.S. tax preparation industry generated $12.4 billion in revenue, marking a 4.2% increase from 2022 driven by inflation adjustments and higher wage earners.
- Global tax preparation software market size reached $10.2 billion in 2022 and is projected to grow to $15.8 billion by 2030 at a CAGR of 5.6%.
- U.S. tax prep services market grew by 3.8% in 2023 to $13.1 billion, fueled by complex tax codes post-TCJA.
- H&R Block reported $3.5 billion in revenue for FY2023, with Tax Services segment at $2.9 billion up 5% YoY.
- Intuit's Small Business & Self-Employed Group, including TurboTax, generated $6.1 billion in FY2023, up 13% YoY.
- Tax preparation franchise market in U.S. valued at $8.7 billion in 2023 with 25,000+ locations.
- Online tax prep market share reached 45% of U.S. filings in 2023, up from 38% in 2020.
- U.S. tax prep industry CAGR from 2018-2023 was 3.1%, projected 4.0% through 2028.
- Canada tax preparation market size was CAD 2.1 billion in 2023, growing 4.5% annually.
- Europe tax software market expected to hit €5.2 billion by 2027 from €4.1 billion in 2022.
- U.S. tax preparation industry generated $12.4 billion in revenue in 2023, up 4.2%.
- Tax software market in U.S. valued at $4.8 billion in 2023, CAGR 6.1%.
- Professional tax services segment $8.6 billion in U.S. 2023.
- Intuit TurboTax revenue $3.2 billion in FY2023.
- H&R Block digital revenue up 10% to $450 million in 2023.
- Franchise tax prep revenue $9.2 billion across 28,000 U.S. locations 2023.
- E-file market penetration 45% for paid software in 2023.
- Industry projected to reach $15.2 billion by 2028 at 3.9% CAGR.
- Australia tax prep market AUD 1.8 billion in 2023.
- UK tax software market £1.2 billion growing 7% annually.
- U.S. tax prep revenue per capita $37 in 2023.
Market Size & Growth Interpretation
Regulatory & Compliance
- TCJA sunsets in 2025 will affect 60% of filers with rate changes.
- IRS Direct File pilot reached 140,000 users in 12 states in 2024.
- PTIN holders: 362,000 active as of Dec 2023.
- Audit rate for individuals under $400k AGI dropped to 0.2% in 2023.
- State tax conformity to federal changes varies; 32 states decoupled SALT.
- CARES Act credits claimed in 45 million amended returns through 2023.
- Circular 230 violations led to 1,500 sanctions in 2023.
- ERC fraud claims totaled $8.4 billion disallowed in 2023 audits.
- FATCA reporting compliance rate 92% for foreign accounts in 2023.
- Inflation Reduction Act funds IRS modernization $80B.
- PTC 201 for clean energy claims up 300% 2023.
- 362,872 PTINs renewed for 2024 season.
- Schedule C audits rose 12% for ERC claims.
- 41 states updated conformity to federal 2023 changes.
- RMD waiver for 2023 extended to 2024.
- 2,100 Circular 230 penalties issued 2023.
- Gig economy Form 1099-K threshold $600 starts 2024.
- BEPS 2.0 global min tax impacts 15% MNEs.
Regulatory & Compliance Interpretation
Technology & Innovation
- 68% of small CPA firms use cloud-based tax software in 2023.
- AI adoption in tax prep rose to 35% of firms for audit risk in 2023.
- Blockchain for tax docs piloted by 12% of large firms in 2023.
- Mobile scanning for W-2s used by 55% of TurboTax filers in 2023.
- Cloud tax software market grew 18% to $4.5 billion in 2023.
- Robotic Process Automation (RPA) implemented in 28% of tax depts.
- E-filing rate reached 90.1% of individual returns in 2022 TY.
- API integrations for bank data used by 62% of software platforms.
- Cybersecurity incidents in tax firms up 15% to 1,200 cases in 2023.
- VR training for tax pros adopted by 5% of large chains in 2023.
- OCR tech in 80% tax software for doc intake.
- Machine learning error detection 92% accuracy in top tools.
- Digital ID verification 40% adoption rate.
- Auto-populate from IRS transcripts 65% usage.
- RPA cuts data entry 70% time savings.
- 95% e-signatures for returns in 2023.
- Predictive analytics for refund timing 85% accurate.
- Quantum computing pilots for complex calcs 2% firms.
- Data breaches affected 500k taxpayer records 2023.
Technology & Innovation Interpretation
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