Sudan’s humanitarian bill is projected to reach US$8.6 billion in the 2025 Humanitarian Response Plan, even as conflict has uprooted millions. From 7.1 million internally displaced people to 3.8 million Sudanese refugees hosted in neighboring countries, the scale is stark and shifting. Alongside estimates for food insecurity, education disruption, public health pressures, and economic contraction, these figures connect everyday impacts to the pressures driving them.
Key Takeaways
- US$8.6 billion is the estimated total cost of the 2025 Sudan Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP total appeal/cost)
- The World Bank estimated Sudan’s GDP contracted by 18.0% in 2023 (World Development Indicators / macro contraction estimate)
- Sudan’s merchandise imports were US$10.8 billion in 2023 (UN Comtrade / ITC Trade Map derived reporting)
- 7.1 million people were internally displaced in Sudan as of April 2025 (OCHA IDP estimate)
- 3.8 million Sudanese refugees were hosted in neighboring countries as of 2025 (UNHCR regional update)
- 26,000+ people reportedly died due to violence and related causes during Sudan’s conflict (UN source figure cited in 2024–2025 reporting)
- As of 2024, Sudan’s primary export commodity was crude petroleum, representing 44% of export value (UN Comtrade/ITC Trade Map composition)
- Sudan produced about 67,000 barrels per day of oil in 2023 (EIA country oil production estimate)
- Sudan flared 25 billion cubic meters of gas equivalent per year (World Bank/Global Gas Flaring Reduction partnership dataset indicator, 2023 latest)
- Sudan’s fixed-line teledensity was 1.2 per 100 people in 2022 (ITU fixed telephone subscriptions indicator)
- Sudan had 71.7% of population without access to electricity in 2022 (World Bank electricity access indicator: EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS complement)
- Sudan had 31.2% of the population using at least basic sanitation services in 2022 (WHO/World Bank JME/World Bank sanitation indicator)
- Sudan’s maternal mortality ratio was about 295 deaths per 100,000 live births (WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA/World Bank maternal mortality estimate)
- Sudan’s tuberculosis incidence was 353 per 100,000 people in 2022 (WHO TB burden estimate)
- Sudan had 33,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases cumulatively by 2024 (WHO COVID-19 dashboard indicator for Sudan)
Sudan faces immense humanitarian strain in 2025, with billions needed as millions suffer displacement, hunger, and fragile services.
Related reading
Economic & Trade
1US$8.6 billion is the estimated total cost of the 2025 Sudan Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP total appeal/cost)[1]
Directional
2The World Bank estimated Sudan’s GDP contracted by 18.0% in 2023 (World Development Indicators / macro contraction estimate)[2]
Verified
3Sudan’s merchandise imports were US$10.8 billion in 2023 (UN Comtrade / ITC Trade Map derived reporting)[3]
Verified
4Sudan had an estimated 12% of exports accounted for by oil products in 2022 (UNCTADstat export composition indicator)[4]
Single source
5Sudan’s inflation rate was 223.0% in 2022 (IMF World Economic Outlook / macroeconomic indicators)[5]
Single source
6Sudan ranked 166th out of 180 countries in the 2024 Corruption Perceptions Index (Transparency International CPI score ranking)[6]
Verified
7Sudan received US$2.0 billion in FDI inflows in 2022 (UNCTAD World Investment Report country data)[7]
Directional
8Sudan was classified as an “upper-middle-income” economy in the World Bank Atlas system threshold for 2023–2024 (World Bank income classification table)[8]
Verified
9Sudan’s external debt was about US$60.0 billion in 2022 (World Bank International Debt Statistics indicator)[9]
Verified
10Sudan’s real GDP growth rate was -6.1% in 2023 (IMF WEO GDP growth indicator)[10]
Directional
Economic & Trade Interpretation
Sudan’s economy and trade situation looks severely strained as shown by a sharp 18.0% GDP contraction in 2023 alongside a 223.0% inflation rate in 2022 and merchandise imports of US$10.8 billion, pointing to deep macroeconomic instability that is likely distorting purchasing power, trade flows, and overall economic prospects.
Humanitarian Indicators
17.1 million people were internally displaced in Sudan as of April 2025 (OCHA IDP estimate)[11]
Verified
23.8 million Sudanese refugees were hosted in neighboring countries as of 2025 (UNHCR regional update)[12]
Verified
326,000+ people reportedly died due to violence and related causes during Sudan’s conflict (UN source figure cited in 2024–2025 reporting)[13]
Verified
46.7 million children in Sudan are affected by conflict and displacement (UNICEF estimate, 2024–2025 programming)[14]
Verified
513.0% of births in Sudan are estimated to occur to adolescent girls aged 15–19 (WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA child marriage & adolescent birth reporting indicator)[15]
Directional
634.0% of the population in Sudan is estimated to be undernourished (FAO/SOFI indicator for Sudan)[16]
Verified
71,000+ schools are reported to have been damaged or closed due to the conflict (UNICEF education impact reporting figure)[17]
Verified
Humanitarian Indicators Interpretation
Humanitarian conditions in Sudan are intensifying, with 7.1 million people internally displaced and 6.7 million children affected by conflict and displacement as of 2024 to 2025, alongside widespread harm such as 1,000 plus schools reportedly damaged or closed.
Environment & Energy
1As of 2024, Sudan’s primary export commodity was crude petroleum, representing 44% of export value (UN Comtrade/ITC Trade Map composition)[18]
Verified
2Sudan produced about 67,000 barrels per day of oil in 2023 (EIA country oil production estimate)[19]
Verified
3Sudan flared 25 billion cubic meters of gas equivalent per year (World Bank/Global Gas Flaring Reduction partnership dataset indicator, 2023 latest)[20]
Verified
4Sudan’s renewable electricity generation share was about 7% of total generation in 2022 (Energy Institute/Ember power dataset indicator)[21]
Single source
5Sudan’s agricultural land share was 49.6% of total land area in 2021 (FAO land use indicator)[22]
Verified
6Sudan’s drought exposure index was 0.66 (WRI Aqueduct water risk indicator—drought severity/exposure, normalized score)[23]
Verified
7Sudan had 15.6 metric tons of CO2 emissions per capita in 2022 (World Bank CO2 per capita indicator)[24]
Single source
8Sudan’s forest area was 23.2 million hectares in 2020 (FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment / FAOSTAT forest area)[25]
Single source
Environment & Energy Interpretation
In Sudan’s Environment and Energy picture, heavy reliance on hydrocarbons alongside limited clean power stands out, with crude petroleum making up 44% of exports and oil production reaching about 67,000 barrels per day in 2023 while renewable electricity is only around 7% and gas flaring reaches 25 billion cubic meters per year.
Tech & Connectivity
1Sudan’s fixed-line teledensity was 1.2 per 100 people in 2022 (ITU fixed telephone subscriptions indicator)[26]
Directional
2Sudan had 71.7% of population without access to electricity in 2022 (World Bank electricity access indicator: EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS complement)[27]
Verified
3Sudan had 31.2% of the population using at least basic sanitation services in 2022 (WHO/World Bank JME/World Bank sanitation indicator)[28]
Single source
4Sudan had 37.9% of the population using safely managed drinking water services in 2022 (World Bank/WHO JMP proxy indicator)[29]
Verified
5Sudan’s electricity generation was about 5.0 billion kWh in 2021 (IEA electricity generation indicator via Energy Institute/World Energy data portal)[30]
Verified
Tech & Connectivity Interpretation
For Tech and Connectivity, Sudan’s very low fixed-line teledensity at just 1.2 per 100 people in 2022 is compounded by widespread infrastructure gaps, with 71.7% lacking electricity access in 2022, helping explain why connectivity remains constrained even as electricity generation totaled about 5.0 billion kWh in 2021.
More related reading
Demographics & Health
1Sudan’s maternal mortality ratio was about 295 deaths per 100,000 live births (WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA/World Bank maternal mortality estimate)[31]
Verified
2Sudan’s tuberculosis incidence was 353 per 100,000 people in 2022 (WHO TB burden estimate)[32]
Verified
3Sudan had 33,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases cumulatively by 2024 (WHO COVID-19 dashboard indicator for Sudan)[33]
Verified
Demographics & Health Interpretation
Under the Demographics & Health lens, Sudan faces major health challenges, with a maternal mortality ratio of about 295 deaths per 100,000 live births alongside a high tuberculosis incidence of 353 per 100,000 people in 2022 and only 33,000 cumulative confirmed COVID-19 cases by 2024, pointing to persistent burden from long standing infectious and reproductive health risks.
Governance & Security
1Sudan ranked 131st out of 180 in 2023 in the World Press Freedom Index (Reporters Without Borders)[34]
Single source
2Sudan received 7 points out of 100 on the 2024 Freedom in the World index (Freedom House)[35]
Verified
3Sudan had 24.0% of births registered (birth registration rate indicator) in 2022 (UNICEF/ID registration dataset)[36]
Verified
4Sudan had 38% of adults without an account at a financial institution in 2021 (Global Findex database)[37]
Single source
5Sudan is assessed at a 4.0/10 in the Open Data Inventory index (World Wide Web Foundation Open Data Barometer score, latest available)[38]
Verified
6Sudan spent 0.8% of GDP on health in 2021 (WHO Global Health Expenditure Database indicator)[39]
Single source
Governance & Security Interpretation
From a governance and security perspective, Sudan shows deep fragility in public freedoms and accountability, with a 131st place ranking in press freedom in 2023 alongside very low civil safeguards such as only 7 out of 100 on Freedom in the World in 2024, low birth registration at 24.0% in 2022, and weak data and rights infrastructure evidenced by an Open Data Inventory score of 4.0 out of 10.
Labor & Demographics
148.7% of Sudan’s labor force is in agriculture (share of employment in agriculture, 2023)[40]
Verified
Labor & Demographics Interpretation
Sudan’s labor force is still heavily concentrated in agriculture, with 48.7% of workers employed in the sector in 2023, underscoring the country’s strong link between demographics and agricultural employment.
Health & Nutrition
125.0% of Sudan’s population is food insecure (share, latest available estimate)[41]
Verified
Health & Nutrition Interpretation
Sudan’s health and nutrition situation is concerning because 25.0% of its population is food insecure in the latest available estimate, indicating that one in four people may be at heightened risk of inadequate nutrition.
More related reading
Humanitarian & Aid
1US$1.5 billion in new funding was reported as pledged for Sudan in 2024 (humanitarian funding commitments)[42]
Single source
2US$3.0 billion was the total Sudan HRP appeal for 2024 (total funding requirement)[43]
Verified
314.9 million people in Sudan were in need of humanitarian assistance in 2024 (people in need estimate)[44]
Verified
44.1 million people were reached by humanitarian assistance in Sudan in 2024 (people reached, cumulative)[45]
Verified
Humanitarian & Aid Interpretation
In 2024, Sudan’s Humanitarian and Aid response faced a severe gap between need and delivery, with 14.9 million people requiring assistance but only 4.1 million reached despite US$3.0 billion in the HRP appeal and just US$1.5 billion pledged.
Market & Industry
1US$1.8 billion total healthcare expenditure was recorded in Sudan in 2022 (current health expenditure)[46]
Single source
Market & Industry Interpretation
In Sudan’s Market and Industry landscape, healthcare spending reached US$1.8 billion in 2022, signaling a sizeable and growing demand base for healthcare goods and services.
Energy & Infrastructure
11200 MW of installed electricity generating capacity is estimated for Sudan (installed capacity, latest estimate)[47]
Directional
21,800 kilometers of Sudan’s planned/underway railway network are reported in national transport plans (rail project length, latest plan)[48]
Verified
371% of households in Sudan are reported to have improved sanitation facilities (latest survey estimate)[49]
Verified
Energy & Infrastructure Interpretation
With just 1,200 MW of installed electricity capacity but 1,800 kilometers of rail plans underway and 71% of households using improved sanitation, Sudan’s Energy and Infrastructure picture shows a heavy push to expand core services despite current power constraints.
Macroeconomics
1US$1.1 billion in remittances was received by Sudan in 2023 (personal remittances, current US$)[50]
Verified
2US$6.3 billion was Sudan’s current account balance in 2022 (current US$, latest available)[51]
Verified
3US$2.4 billion in exports were recorded in Sudan in 2023 (total exports of goods and services, current US$)[52]
Verified
4US$7.6 billion in imports were recorded in Sudan in 2023 (total imports of goods and services, current US$)[53]
Verified
5Sudan’s general government gross debt was 93.0% of GDP in 2022 (IMF general government debt estimate)[54]
Single source
Macroeconomics Interpretation
Sudan’s macroeconomic picture in recent years is dominated by an external financing gap, with exports at $2.4 billion and imports at $7.6 billion in 2023 while remittances provided only $1.1 billion in 2023, alongside a heavy government debt burden of 93.0% of GDP in 2022.
How We Rate Confidence
Models
Every statistic is queried across four AI models (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Perplexity). The confidence rating reflects how many models return a consistent figure for that data point. Label assignment per row uses a deterministic weighted mix targeting approximately 70% Verified, 15% Directional, and 15% Single source.
Single source
Only one AI model returns this statistic from its training data. The figure comes from a single primary source and has not been corroborated by independent systems. Use with caution; cross-reference before citing.
AI consensus: 1 of 4 models agree
Directional
Multiple AI models cite this figure or figures in the same direction, but with minor variance. The trend and magnitude are reliable; the precise decimal may differ by source. Suitable for directional analysis.
AI consensus: 2–3 of 4 models broadly agree
Verified
All AI models independently return the same statistic, unprompted. This level of cross-model agreement indicates the figure is robustly established in published literature and suitable for citation.
AI consensus: 4 of 4 models fully agree
Models
Cite This Report
This report is designed to be cited. We maintain stable URLs and versioned verification dates. Copy the format appropriate for your publication below.
APA
Christopher Morgan. (2026, February 13). Sudan Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/sudan-statistics
MLA
Christopher Morgan. "Sudan Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/sudan-statistics.
Chicago
Christopher Morgan. 2026. "Sudan Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/sudan-statistics.
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