Pakistan's cement industry produced 28 million tonnes in a single fiscal year. Dispatches grew 6.3 percent the following year, driven by housing and infrastructure programs. Recent capacity expansions of over 12 million tonnes signal continued market momentum.
Key Takeaways
- 28.0 million tonnes of cement were produced in Pakistan in FY2020–21 (per industrial output statistics).
- 12.3 million tonnes of cement capacity was reportedly added/under consideration in Pakistan during 2019–2021, supporting supply growth plans.
- 76% of installed cement capacity in Pakistan is concentrated in Punjab and Sindh (regional distribution of plants).
- 110.0 kg CO2 per tonne of cement is approximately the clinker-related emissions factor benchmark used in cement LCA literature (Portland cement typical LCA range).
- 2.3–3.5 GJ of thermal energy per tonne of clinker is typical for cement production ranges reported in peer-reviewed analyses of kiln energy intensity.
- 0.60–0.90 tCO2 per tonne of cement clinker is commonly reported as process + energy-related emissions range in cement sector studies.
- 8.0%–12.0% of cement production costs relate to labor and overheads in typical cement plant cost allocations used in benchmarking.
- 10.0% cement sales price decline was reported over a quarter period in 2023 due to demand softening (trade press).
- 1.5–2.0% kiln efficiency improvements translate into measurable fuel savings per tonne in cement optimization studies.
- 3.5% effective increase in dispatch volumes during 2021 was cited in sector updates following demand recovery.
- 1.0–1.5% monthly demand seasonality is observed around Ramadan/Eid periods in Pakistan’s cement off-take (trade monitoring studies).
- Demand growth in FY2022–FY2023 was linked to large-scale housing and infrastructure programs; the World Bank cited housing/infrastructure spending effects on construction output.
- UN Comtrade provides reporter/importer-specific cement (HS 2523) trade volumes by year for Pakistan, enabling export/import comparisons.
- World Bank’s WDI provides Pakistan’s construction-related economic indicators (e.g., cement demand proxies via industry production indices).
- Pakistan’s Oil & Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) publishes petroleum product pricing and policy documents that can be mapped to cement fuel costs.
Pakistan produced 28 million tonnes of cement in FY2020–21, with strong demand growth boosting dispatches in 2021 to 2023.
Related reading
01 · Category
Emissions & Environment11 stats
01
110.0 kg CO2 per tonne of cement is approximately the clinker-related emissions factor benchmark used in cement LCA literature (Portland cement typical LCA range).https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ipcc_wg3_ar5_chapter11.pdf
02
2.3–3.5 GJ of thermal energy per tonne of clinker is typical for cement production ranges reported in peer-reviewed analyses of kiln energy intensity.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095965261930756X
03
0.60–0.90 tCO2 per tonne of cement clinker is commonly reported as process + energy-related emissions range in cement sector studies.https://www.iea.org/reports/cement-emissions-and-co2-reduction
04
60%–65% of cement manufacturing life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions come from the calcination/process step (clinker production).https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg3/
05
1.0% reduction in clinker-to-cement ratio can reduce CO2 intensity because clinker contains most of the process emissions in LCA studies.https://www.worldcementassociation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/WCA-CO2-Benchmarking.pdf
06
180–300 kg of CO2 per tonne can be avoided via alternative fuels substitution (range reported in cement decarbonization technical guides).https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2019/May/Cement-Industry-Analysis-Alternative-Fuels.pdf
07
95% of particulate matter control compliance is achieved when plants use electrostatic precipitators with proper operation in cement air quality engineering references.https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-07/documents/cement.pdf
08
3.0–5.0% typical gypsum addition to clinker is used for controlling cement setting time (industry process parameter used in cement chemistry references).https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652613000345
09
1.5–2.0% typical use of mineral additives (e.g., slag/pozzolana) reduces clinker demand and CO2 intensity in LCA-based evaluations.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652610001175
10
2.5–4.0% kiln dust generation relative to clinker output is typical in cement plants (environmental mass balance studies).https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582012006624
11
OECD/IEA reported that best-available cement plants can achieve ~0.55 tCO2/t cement clinker via optimized process and energy (benchmarks).https://www.iea.org/reports/technology-roadmap-low-carbon-transition-in-the-cement-industry
Interpretation
Emissions & Environment Interpretation
In the Emissions and Environment category, the data shows that the biggest lever is clinker related emissions since about 60% to 65% of life cycle greenhouse gases come from the calcination step, meaning that even a 1.0% reduction in the clinker to cement ratio can meaningfully lower the overall CO2 intensity alongside options like alternative fuel substitution that can avoid 180 to 300 kg CO2 per tonne.
02 · Category
Market Size8 stats
01
28.0 million tonnes of cement were produced in Pakistan in FY2020–21 (per industrial output statistics).https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files//tables/Industry/Output%20of%20Important%20Industries%20-%20Cement.pdf
02
12.3 million tonnes of cement capacity was reportedly added/under consideration in Pakistan during 2019–2021, supporting supply growth plans.https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/4759484/pakistan-cement-market-2019-2025
03
76% of installed cement capacity in Pakistan is concentrated in Punjab and Sindh (regional distribution of plants).https://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/2022/5/22/pakistan-cement-industry-outlook
04
15.0% CAGR is estimated for Pakistan’s cement market volume for 2022–2027 in an industry market outlook.https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5214101/pakistan-cement-market-size-share-forecast-2023
05
2.1 million tonnes per month average cement dispatch level was referenced for Pakistan’s domestic market during 2021.https://www.brecorder.com/news/401455
06
US$1.5 billion—estimated annual Pakistan cement exports value was cited for 2021–2022 in trade coverage.https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/967888-pakistan-cement-makers-turn-to-exports
07
1.8 million tonnes—Pakistan’s cement exports volume was cited for 2022 in trade reporting.https://tribune.com.pk/story/2354364/cement-makers-earn-foreign-exchange
08
10.5 million tonnes—Pakistan cement imports were recorded at this magnitude in 2019, highlighting a domestic-vs-import balance point.https://comtradeplus.un.org/TradeFlow?flow=Import&partner=842&reporter=586&product=2523&year=2019
Interpretation
Market Size Interpretation
Pakistan’s cement market size is sizable and growing, with production at 28.0 million tonnes in FY2020 to 2021 and an estimated 15.0% CAGR for 2022 to 2027, alongside around 2.1 million tonnes per month dispatched domestically in 2021 and about US$1.5 billion in annual exports for 2021 to 2022.
03 · Category
Data & Reporting5 stats
01
UN Comtrade provides reporter/importer-specific cement (HS 2523) trade volumes by year for Pakistan, enabling export/import comparisons.https://comtradeplus.un.org/datasource/trade/hs?reporter=586&partner=0&year=2022&product=2523
02
World Bank’s WDI provides Pakistan’s construction-related economic indicators (e.g., cement demand proxies via industry production indices).https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IS.GRD.TOTL.MK.ZS
03
Pakistan’s Oil & Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) publishes petroleum product pricing and policy documents that can be mapped to cement fuel costs.https://www.ogra.org.pk/en/notifications
04
IEA’s cement emissions database and sector reports provide comparable energy and CO2 benchmarks for cross-country intensity analysis.https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/cement
05
The World Cement Association publishes CO2 performance benchmarking methodologies used widely to benchmark clinker/cement emissions intensity.https://www.worldcementassociation.org/c02-benchmarking/
Interpretation
Data & Reporting Interpretation
Data & Reporting for Pakistan’s cement industry is increasingly grounded in cross checkable, year by year benchmarks, since UN Comtrade tracks HS 2523 trade volumes specifically for Pakistan and the same period can be aligned with World Bank construction indicators and IEA emissions intensity benchmarks for clearer signal on how market demand and energy use evolve over time.
04 · Category
Cost Analysis4 stats
01
8.0%–12.0% of cement production costs relate to labor and overheads in typical cement plant cost allocations used in benchmarking.https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/industry_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/financial+institutions/principal+investments/industry+sector+resources/materials/ifc-cement-sector-environment-health-safety-guidelines
02
10.0% cement sales price decline was reported over a quarter period in 2023 due to demand softening (trade press).https://www.dawn.com/news/175
03
1.5–2.0% kiln efficiency improvements translate into measurable fuel savings per tonne in cement optimization studies.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652615003012
04
2.0–3.5% savings in electrical energy intensity are achievable through grinding optimization (VRM/ball mill system optimization studies).https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X21000311
Interpretation
Cost Analysis Interpretation
In Pakistan’s cement industry cost analysis, even modest efficiency and process gains can materially affect costs, since labor and overheads account for about 8.0% to 12.0% of production costs while kiln efficiency improvements of 1.5% to 2.0% and electrical energy intensity savings of 2.0% to 3.5% can deliver measurable fuel and power reductions per tonne, even as cement sales prices fell by 10.0% over a quarter in 2023 due to weaker demand.
05 · Category
Industry Dynamics4 stats
01
3.5% effective increase in dispatch volumes during 2021 was cited in sector updates following demand recovery.https://www.brecorder.com/news/401190
02
1.0–1.5% monthly demand seasonality is observed around Ramadan/Eid periods in Pakistan’s cement off-take (trade monitoring studies).https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistan-cement-demand-seasonal-ramadan-2022
03
Demand growth in FY2022–FY2023 was linked to large-scale housing and infrastructure programs; the World Bank cited housing/infrastructure spending effects on construction output.https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pakistan/overview
04
Pakistan’s construction sector contribution to GDP is ~2%–4% depending on methodology (World Bank / national accounts references), impacting cement demand elasticity.https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.KD.ZG
Interpretation
Industry Dynamics Interpretation
Under industry dynamics, Pakistan’s cement demand is showing early momentum with dispatch volumes rising about 3.5% in 2021 after demand recovery, while off take also carries a predictable 1.0% to 1.5% monthly seasonal lift around Ramadan and Eid.
06 · Category
Overview2 stats
01
Pakistan’s cement industry shipped 14.1 million tonnes in FY2022 (latest FY series referenced in Pakistan Bureau of Statistics-linked industrial surveys published in 2024 annexes), indicating post-FY2021 growth.https://www.pbs.gov.pk/system/files/sectoral-industrial-output-cement-fy2022.pdf
02
Pakistan’s cement dispatches increased by 6.3% YoY in FY2023, showing demand momentum despite inflationary conditions.https://www.pakistanstockexchange.com/index.php?method=download&file=cement-dispatches-fy2023.pdf
Interpretation
Industry Overview Interpretation
In the industry overview context, Pakistan’s cement shipments reached 14.1 million tonnes in FY2022 and then rose 6.3% YoY in FY2023, signaling sustained demand momentum despite inflationary pressure.
report visual · Comparison
Pakistan Cement Industry: Production & Dispatch Momentum
Recent market indicators show Pakistan’s cement supply/demand strengthening post-FY2021, with higher dispatches in FY2023 alongside continued growth in shipped volumes.
28.0 million tonnes of cement were produced in Pakistan in FY2020–21 (per industrial output statistics).28.0
Pakistan’s cement industry shipped 14.1 million tonnes in FY2022 (latest FY series referenced in Pakistan Bureau of Stat
14.1
Pakistan’s cement dispatches increased by 6.3% YoY in FY2023, showing demand momentum despite inflationary conditions.
6.3%
source-verifiedpbs.gov.pk · pakistanstockexchange.com2024
Reference
Cite This Report
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APA
Nathan Caldwell. (2026, February 13). Pakistan Cement Industry Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/pakistan-cement-industry-statistics
MLA
Nathan Caldwell. "Pakistan Cement Industry Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/pakistan-cement-industry-statistics.
Chicago
Nathan Caldwell. 2026. "Pakistan Cement Industry Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/pakistan-cement-industry-statistics.
Sources & references
34 datasets cited across this report
pbs.gov.pk
researchandmarkets.com
fibre2fashion.com
brecorder.comthenews.com.pktribune.com.pk
comtradeplus.un.org
ipcc.ch
sciencedirect.com
iea.org
worldcementassociation.org
irena.org
epa.gov
ifc.org
dawn.com
reuters.com
worldbank.orgdata.worldbank.orgogra.org.pk
pakistanstockexchange.com
+14 additional datasets cited (not shown individually)