GITNUXREPORT 2026

Mexico Statistics

Mexico is a large, youthful, and urbanized nation with a rich culture and economy.

How We Build This Report

01
Primary Source Collection

Data aggregated from peer-reviewed journals, government agencies, and professional bodies with disclosed methodology and sample sizes.

02
Editorial Curation

Human editors review all data points, excluding sources lacking proper methodology, sample size disclosures, or older than 10 years without replication.

03
AI-Powered Verification

Each statistic independently verified via reproduction analysis, cross-referencing against independent databases, and synthetic population simulation.

04
Human Cross-Check

Final human editorial review of all AI-verified statistics. Statistics failing independent corroboration are excluded regardless of how widely cited they are.

Statistics that could not be independently verified are excluded regardless of how widely cited they are elsewhere.

Our process →

Key Statistics

Statistic 1

Roman Catholicism is practiced by 77.7% of Mexicans (2020 census)

Statistic 2

Evangelical Protestants 11.2%, non-religious 10.6% (2020)

Statistic 3

Spanish is official language, spoken by 92.7%, Nahuatl by 1.7%

Statistic 4

Mexico has 35 UNESCO World Heritage Sites (cultural)

Statistic 5

Literacy rate 95% (2020)

Statistic 6

Mexico produces 90% of world's avocados

Statistic 7

Tequila is protected origin from Jalisco, Mexico exports 400 million liters/year

Statistic 8

Day of the Dead (Día de Muertos) recognized by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage

Statistic 9

Mexico has over 150 indigenous groups

Statistic 10

Mariachi music UNESCO Intangible Heritage

Statistic 11

Charrería national sport since 1936

Statistic 12

Mexico has 1,500+ museums

Statistic 13

Frida Kahlo born 1907, iconic cultural figure

Statistic 14

Octavio Paz Nobel Prize in Literature 1990

Statistic 15

Mexico City metro carries 4.5 million passengers daily

Statistic 16

Lucha libre wrestling popular since 1933

Statistic 17

Mexican cuisine UNESCO Intangible Heritage 2010

Statistic 18

Piñatas originated in Mexico, now global

Statistic 19

Alebrijes folk art from 1936 Oaxaca

Statistic 20

Posada prints popularized calaveras (sugar skulls)

Statistic 21

Mexico has 144 million mobile phone subscriptions (2022)

Statistic 22

92% internet penetration (2023)

Statistic 23

36 million international tourists visited Mexico in 2023

Statistic 24

Cancun receives 6 million tourists annually

Statistic 25

Chichen Itza one of New 7 Wonders, 2.5 million visitors/year

Statistic 26

Teotihuacan pyramid complex 3 million visitors/year

Statistic 27

68% of Mexicans speak Spanish as first language (2020 census)

Statistic 28

Mayan language speakers 800,000+

Statistic 29

Mexico's homicide rate 28 per 100,000 (2022)

Statistic 30

42 million Facebook users in Mexico (2023)

Statistic 31

Mexico's population as of July 2023 is estimated at 129,875,529 people

Statistic 32

The median age in Mexico is 29.6 years (male: 28.6 years, female: 30.7 years) as of 2023

Statistic 33

Mexico's total fertility rate is 1.85 children born per woman (2023 est.)

Statistic 34

Life expectancy at birth in Mexico is 72.8 years for males and 78.4 years for females (2023 est.)

Statistic 35

Mexico has an infant mortality rate of 11.8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2023 est.)

Statistic 36

77.1% of Mexico's population lives in urban areas (2023)

Statistic 37

Mexico's population growth rate is 0.78% (2023 est.)

Statistic 38

Net migration rate to Mexico is -0.3 migrant(s) per 1,000 population (2023 est.)

Statistic 39

Mexico's sex ratio at birth is 1.05 male(s)/female

Statistic 40

96.9% of Mexicans aged 15 and over can read and write (male: 97.2%, female: 96.6%) (2020)

Statistic 41

Mexico's largest ethnic group is mestizo (about 62%), followed by predominantly indigenous (21%)

Statistic 42

There are 68 indigenous languages spoken by more than 370,000 people in Mexico

Statistic 43

Mexico City has a population of 9,209,944 (2020 census)

Statistic 44

Guadalajara metropolitan area population is 5,268,642 (2020)

Statistic 45

Monterrey metropolitan area has 4,753,953 residents (2020)

Statistic 46

Mexico's birth rate is 14.7 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Statistic 47

Death rate is 5.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Statistic 48

Mexico ranks 10th most populous country in the world (2023)

Statistic 49

25.6% of Mexico's population is under 15 years old (2023)

Statistic 50

65.5% is between 15-64 years, and 8.9% is 65+ (2023)

Statistic 51

Mexico's population density is 67 people per km² (2023)

Statistic 52

99.1% of Mexico's population has access to improved drinking water (2020)

Statistic 53

92.8% has access to improved sanitation facilities (2020)

Statistic 54

Mexico's unemployment rate is 3.3% (2022)

Statistic 55

GDP (PPP) of Mexico is $2.917 trillion (2022 est.)

Statistic 56

GDP (official exchange rate) is $1.465 trillion (2022 est.)

Statistic 57

GDP per capita (PPP) is $22,400 (2022 est.)

Statistic 58

Real GDP growth rate is 3.9% (2022 est.)

Statistic 59

Inflation rate (CPI) is 7.9% (2022 est.)

Statistic 60

Mexico's public debt is 54.7% of GDP (2021 est.)

Statistic 61

Budget revenues are $332.1 billion, expenditures $357.1 billion (2022 est.)

Statistic 62

Mexico's current account balance is -$10.39 billion (2022 est.)

Statistic 63

Exports are $578.2 billion (2022 est.)

Statistic 64

Imports are $604.2 billion (2022 est.)

Statistic 65

Mexico is the 12th largest exporter globally

Statistic 66

Main exports include cars, vehicle parts ($100 billion, 2022)

Statistic 67

Crude petroleum exports $57.3 billion (2022)

Statistic 68

Mexico's labor force is 60.5 million (2021 est.)

Statistic 69

Agriculture employs 12.4%, industry 24.1%, services 63.5% (2019)

Statistic 70

GDP by sector: agriculture 3.4%, industry 30.8%, services 65.7% (2022 est.)

Statistic 71

Mexico's total land area is 1,964,375 sq km

Statistic 72

Water area is 20,210 sq km (1% of total)

Statistic 73

Mexico's coastline is 9,330 km

Statistic 74

Maritime claims: territorial sea 12 nm, contiguous zone 24 nm, EEZ 200 nm

Statistic 75

Climate is mostly tropical or desert, temperate aloft and arctic on high peaks

Statistic 76

Terrain includes high central plateau (llanos), mountains, deserts, tropical basin, swamps

Statistic 77

Elevation extremes: lowest point Laguna Salada -10 m, highest Pico de Orizaba 5,636 m

Statistic 78

Natural resources: petroleum, silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, timber

Statistic 79

Land use: arable land 11.8%, permanent crops 1.4%, permanent pasture 42.4%, forest 33.7%, others 10.7% (2018)

Statistic 80

Irrigated land: 67,350 sq km (2012)

Statistic 81

Major rivers: Rio Grande (Rio Bravo del Norte) 3,057 km, Grijalva 685 km, Usumacinta 655 km

Statistic 82

Mexico has 53,597 km of railways (2021)

Statistic 83

Roadways total 949,121 km, paved 471,268 km (2017)

Statistic 84

Waterways 2,900 km (navigable rivers and coastal canals, mostly used by small craft)

Statistic 85

Mexico's total renewable water resources are 457.2 billion cubic meters (2017)

Statistic 86

Natural hazards include tsunamis, volcanoes, earthquakes, hurricanes, flooding, droughts

Statistic 87

Mexico City is the highest capital city at 2,240 m above sea level

Statistic 88

Mexico has 11 UNESCO World Heritage Sites for natural landscapes

Statistic 89

Forest area covers 34.6% of land (2020)

Statistic 90

Mexico ranks 1st globally in reptile species with 957 species

Statistic 91

11.9% of Mexico's land is protected areas (2022)

Statistic 92

Mexico's government type is federal presidential republic

Statistic 93

Capital is Mexico City (Ciudad de México)

Statistic 94

Administrative divisions: 31 states and 1 capital city

Statistic 95

Independence from Spain on 16 September 1810 (declared), 27 September 1821 (recognized)

Statistic 96

Constitution adopted 5 February 1917

Statistic 97

National holiday is Independence Day, 16 September (1810)

Statistic 98

Suffrage is universal and compulsory 18-70 years, optional 70+ and 18-17

Statistic 99

President serves 6-year term, non-renewable

Statistic 100

Legislative branch: bicameral Congress (Senate 128 seats, Chamber of Deputies 500 seats)

Statistic 101

Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Justice (21 ministers)

Statistic 102

Mexico has diplomatic relations with 195 countries

Statistic 103

Current president Claudia Sheinbaum elected in 2024

Statistic 104

Corruption Perceptions Index rank 126/180 (2023), score 31/100

Statistic 105

Human Development Index rank 77/193 (2022), score 0.781

Statistic 106

Mexico's military budget is 0.6% of GDP (2022)

Statistic 107

Active military personnel: 216,425 (2022)

Statistic 108

Mexico is a member of UN, WTO, OECD, G20, USMCA

Statistic 109

Press Freedom Index rank 128/180 (2023)

Statistic 110

Mexico has 32 federal entities, each with its own constitution and congress

Statistic 111

Voter turnout in 2024 presidential election was 60.7%

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Beneath the surface of its world-famous beaches and vibrant culture, Mexico is a nation of profound contrasts and dynamic change, as revealed by a population that is both remarkably young and increasingly urban, an economy that is a global manufacturing powerhouse yet faces significant social challenges, and a rich tapestry of heritage where ancient languages and traditions persist amid rapid modernization.

Key Takeaways

  • Mexico's population as of July 2023 is estimated at 129,875,529 people
  • The median age in Mexico is 29.6 years (male: 28.6 years, female: 30.7 years) as of 2023
  • Mexico's total fertility rate is 1.85 children born per woman (2023 est.)
  • Mexico's unemployment rate is 3.3% (2022)
  • GDP (PPP) of Mexico is $2.917 trillion (2022 est.)
  • GDP (official exchange rate) is $1.465 trillion (2022 est.)
  • Mexico's total land area is 1,964,375 sq km
  • Water area is 20,210 sq km (1% of total)
  • Mexico's coastline is 9,330 km
  • Mexico's government type is federal presidential republic
  • Capital is Mexico City (Ciudad de México)
  • Administrative divisions: 31 states and 1 capital city
  • Roman Catholicism is practiced by 77.7% of Mexicans (2020 census)
  • Evangelical Protestants 11.2%, non-religious 10.6% (2020)
  • Spanish is official language, spoken by 92.7%, Nahuatl by 1.7%

Mexico is a large, youthful, and urbanized nation with a rich culture and economy.

Culture

1Roman Catholicism is practiced by 77.7% of Mexicans (2020 census)
Verified
2Evangelical Protestants 11.2%, non-religious 10.6% (2020)
Verified
3Spanish is official language, spoken by 92.7%, Nahuatl by 1.7%
Verified
4Mexico has 35 UNESCO World Heritage Sites (cultural)
Directional
5Literacy rate 95% (2020)
Single source
6Mexico produces 90% of world's avocados
Verified
7Tequila is protected origin from Jalisco, Mexico exports 400 million liters/year
Verified
8Day of the Dead (Día de Muertos) recognized by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage
Verified
9Mexico has over 150 indigenous groups
Directional
10Mariachi music UNESCO Intangible Heritage
Single source
11Charrería national sport since 1936
Verified
12Mexico has 1,500+ museums
Verified
13Frida Kahlo born 1907, iconic cultural figure
Verified
14Octavio Paz Nobel Prize in Literature 1990
Directional
15Mexico City metro carries 4.5 million passengers daily
Single source
16Lucha libre wrestling popular since 1933
Verified
17Mexican cuisine UNESCO Intangible Heritage 2010
Verified
18Piñatas originated in Mexico, now global
Verified
19Alebrijes folk art from 1936 Oaxaca
Directional
20Posada prints popularized calaveras (sugar skulls)
Single source
21Mexico has 144 million mobile phone subscriptions (2022)
Verified
2292% internet penetration (2023)
Verified
2336 million international tourists visited Mexico in 2023
Verified
24Cancun receives 6 million tourists annually
Directional
25Chichen Itza one of New 7 Wonders, 2.5 million visitors/year
Single source
26Teotihuacan pyramid complex 3 million visitors/year
Verified
2768% of Mexicans speak Spanish as first language (2020 census)
Verified
28Mayan language speakers 800,000+
Verified
29Mexico's homicide rate 28 per 100,000 (2022)
Directional
3042 million Facebook users in Mexico (2023)
Single source

Culture Interpretation

Mexico is a land where ancient pyramids host millions, avocados fuel the world, and mariachi music fills the air, all while navigating the complex tapestry of its profound indigenous heritage and modern challenges with a literacy rate and internet penetration that prove its vibrant pulse is very much alive.

Demographics

1Mexico's population as of July 2023 is estimated at 129,875,529 people
Verified
2The median age in Mexico is 29.6 years (male: 28.6 years, female: 30.7 years) as of 2023
Verified
3Mexico's total fertility rate is 1.85 children born per woman (2023 est.)
Verified
4Life expectancy at birth in Mexico is 72.8 years for males and 78.4 years for females (2023 est.)
Directional
5Mexico has an infant mortality rate of 11.8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2023 est.)
Single source
677.1% of Mexico's population lives in urban areas (2023)
Verified
7Mexico's population growth rate is 0.78% (2023 est.)
Verified
8Net migration rate to Mexico is -0.3 migrant(s) per 1,000 population (2023 est.)
Verified
9Mexico's sex ratio at birth is 1.05 male(s)/female
Directional
1096.9% of Mexicans aged 15 and over can read and write (male: 97.2%, female: 96.6%) (2020)
Single source
11Mexico's largest ethnic group is mestizo (about 62%), followed by predominantly indigenous (21%)
Verified
12There are 68 indigenous languages spoken by more than 370,000 people in Mexico
Verified
13Mexico City has a population of 9,209,944 (2020 census)
Verified
14Guadalajara metropolitan area population is 5,268,642 (2020)
Directional
15Monterrey metropolitan area has 4,753,953 residents (2020)
Single source
16Mexico's birth rate is 14.7 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Verified
17Death rate is 5.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Verified
18Mexico ranks 10th most populous country in the world (2023)
Verified
1925.6% of Mexico's population is under 15 years old (2023)
Directional
2065.5% is between 15-64 years, and 8.9% is 65+ (2023)
Single source
21Mexico's population density is 67 people per km² (2023)
Verified
2299.1% of Mexico's population has access to improved drinking water (2020)
Verified
2392.8% has access to improved sanitation facilities (2020)
Verified

Demographics Interpretation

Mexico, a nation of vibrant, youthful cities and deep indigenous roots, is steadily urbanizing and aging, with its once-explosive population growth now tempered by a fertility rate just below replacement level.

Economy

1Mexico's unemployment rate is 3.3% (2022)
Verified
2GDP (PPP) of Mexico is $2.917 trillion (2022 est.)
Verified
3GDP (official exchange rate) is $1.465 trillion (2022 est.)
Verified
4GDP per capita (PPP) is $22,400 (2022 est.)
Directional
5Real GDP growth rate is 3.9% (2022 est.)
Single source
6Inflation rate (CPI) is 7.9% (2022 est.)
Verified
7Mexico's public debt is 54.7% of GDP (2021 est.)
Verified
8Budget revenues are $332.1 billion, expenditures $357.1 billion (2022 est.)
Verified
9Mexico's current account balance is -$10.39 billion (2022 est.)
Directional
10Exports are $578.2 billion (2022 est.)
Single source
11Imports are $604.2 billion (2022 est.)
Verified
12Mexico is the 12th largest exporter globally
Verified
13Main exports include cars, vehicle parts ($100 billion, 2022)
Verified
14Crude petroleum exports $57.3 billion (2022)
Directional
15Mexico's labor force is 60.5 million (2021 est.)
Single source
16Agriculture employs 12.4%, industry 24.1%, services 63.5% (2019)
Verified
17GDP by sector: agriculture 3.4%, industry 30.8%, services 65.7% (2022 est.)
Verified

Economy Interpretation

Mexico is an economic powerhouse humming along with enviable growth and employment, yet it walks a tightrope where robust exports and a bustling labor force are slightly undercut by a stubborn deficit and the ever-present specter of inflation.

Geography

1Mexico's total land area is 1,964,375 sq km
Verified
2Water area is 20,210 sq km (1% of total)
Verified
3Mexico's coastline is 9,330 km
Verified
4Maritime claims: territorial sea 12 nm, contiguous zone 24 nm, EEZ 200 nm
Directional
5Climate is mostly tropical or desert, temperate aloft and arctic on high peaks
Single source
6Terrain includes high central plateau (llanos), mountains, deserts, tropical basin, swamps
Verified
7Elevation extremes: lowest point Laguna Salada -10 m, highest Pico de Orizaba 5,636 m
Verified
8Natural resources: petroleum, silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, timber
Verified
9Land use: arable land 11.8%, permanent crops 1.4%, permanent pasture 42.4%, forest 33.7%, others 10.7% (2018)
Directional
10Irrigated land: 67,350 sq km (2012)
Single source
11Major rivers: Rio Grande (Rio Bravo del Norte) 3,057 km, Grijalva 685 km, Usumacinta 655 km
Verified
12Mexico has 53,597 km of railways (2021)
Verified
13Roadways total 949,121 km, paved 471,268 km (2017)
Verified
14Waterways 2,900 km (navigable rivers and coastal canals, mostly used by small craft)
Directional
15Mexico's total renewable water resources are 457.2 billion cubic meters (2017)
Single source
16Natural hazards include tsunamis, volcanoes, earthquakes, hurricanes, flooding, droughts
Verified
17Mexico City is the highest capital city at 2,240 m above sea level
Verified
18Mexico has 11 UNESCO World Heritage Sites for natural landscapes
Verified
19Forest area covers 34.6% of land (2020)
Directional
20Mexico ranks 1st globally in reptile species with 957 species
Single source
2111.9% of Mexico's land is protected areas (2022)
Verified

Geography Interpretation

Mexico is a geographically dramatic, resource-rich nation where the challenge isn't finding something remarkable—from silver-lined mountains to a reptile kingdom—but rather managing the delicate balance between exploiting its treasures and surviving its occasional terrestrial tantrums.

Government

1Mexico's government type is federal presidential republic
Verified
2Capital is Mexico City (Ciudad de México)
Verified
3Administrative divisions: 31 states and 1 capital city
Verified
4Independence from Spain on 16 September 1810 (declared), 27 September 1821 (recognized)
Directional
5Constitution adopted 5 February 1917
Single source
6National holiday is Independence Day, 16 September (1810)
Verified
7Suffrage is universal and compulsory 18-70 years, optional 70+ and 18-17
Verified
8President serves 6-year term, non-renewable
Verified
9Legislative branch: bicameral Congress (Senate 128 seats, Chamber of Deputies 500 seats)
Directional
10Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Justice (21 ministers)
Single source
11Mexico has diplomatic relations with 195 countries
Verified
12Current president Claudia Sheinbaum elected in 2024
Verified
13Corruption Perceptions Index rank 126/180 (2023), score 31/100
Verified
14Human Development Index rank 77/193 (2022), score 0.781
Directional
15Mexico's military budget is 0.6% of GDP (2022)
Single source
16Active military personnel: 216,425 (2022)
Verified
17Mexico is a member of UN, WTO, OECD, G20, USMCA
Verified
18Press Freedom Index rank 128/180 (2023)
Verified
19Mexico has 32 federal entities, each with its own constitution and congress
Directional
20Voter turnout in 2024 presidential election was 60.7%
Single source

Government Interpretation

Mexico presents itself as a mature federal republic with all the institutional trappings—31 spirited states, a non-renewable presidency, and a constitution older than most—yet its middling global rankings in corruption and press freedom, paired with voter turnout that barely clears sixty percent, suggest a nation still fervently debating the depth of its own democracy over two centuries after declaring independence.