GITNUXREPORT 2026

Legal Statistics

Federal prisons saw a slight decline, while state incarceration disproportionately affects Black individuals.

101 statistics5 sections9 min readUpdated 27 days ago

Key Statistics

Statistic 1

Civil trials in U.S. district courts fell to 2,369 in 2022, representing 0.4% of 638,120 civil terminations

Statistic 2

Median time from filing to disposition in U.S. district civil cases was 8.6 months in 2022, with contract cases at 7.2 months

Statistic 3

In state courts, 15,232 civil trials concluded in 2021, down 76% since 1992, comprising 0.6% of dispositions

Statistic 4

Tort case filings in state courts totaled 367,352 in 2021, with auto accident cases at 42% of tort filings

Statistic 5

U.S. asbestos litigation involved 730,000 claims filed by 2022, with $60 billion in settlements paid out historically

Statistic 6

Class action settlements in federal courts averaged $100 million each in 2022, with 120 settlements approved totaling $11.5 billion

Statistic 7

Medical malpractice payouts reached $4.8 billion in 2022, with average payout of $348,065 per claim

Statistic 8

Contract disputes accounted for 24% of civil filings in U.S. district courts in 2022, totaling 153,000 cases

Statistic 9

Employment discrimination civil filings rose 5% to 22,000 in U.S. district courts in 2022

Statistic 10

Bankruptcy petitions filed in U.S. courts totaled 397,598 in fiscal 2022, down 12% from 2021, mostly Chapter 7 at 69%

Statistic 11

Civil trials federal: 2,369 in 2022, prisoner petitions 25% of filings

Statistic 12

Civil disposition time: 8.6 med months federal 2022, torts 10.1 months

Statistic 13

State civil trials: 15k in 2021, jury trials 66%, median award $28k

Statistic 14

Tort filings state: 367k 2021, premises liability 15%, med award $25k

Statistic 15

Asbestos claims: 730k filed by 2022, 60k deaths expected by 2054

Statistic 16

Class settlements: $11.5B in 120 federal 2022, consumer 45%

Statistic 17

Med mal payouts: $4.8B 2022, 12k claims, surgeons 30%

Statistic 18

Contract cases federal: 153k filings 2022, 60% terminated by settlement

Statistic 19

Employment civil: 22k filings federal 2022, Title VII 60%

Statistic 20

Bankruptcy Chapter 7: 274k cases 2022, 95% no-asset

Statistic 21

U.S. Supreme Court decided 58 cases in October Term 2022 on merits, with 27-5-26 conservative-liberal split

Statistic 22

Standing was granted in 75% of Supreme Court petitions in OT2022, with merits docket from 7,000 cert petitions

Statistic 23

First Amendment cases comprised 12% of Supreme Court merits docket in OT2022, with 5 religion cases

Statistic 24

2nd Amendment cases: Supreme Court heard 2 gun rights cases in OT2022, expanding protections

Statistic 25

Equal Protection claims succeeded in 40% of Supreme Court cases in OT2022 involving race/gender

Statistic 26

Habeas corpus grants: Supreme Court granted 1 new habeas petition in OT2022 out of 50+

Statistic 27

Takings Clause: 3 property rights cases decided in OT2022, all favoring government 2-1

Statistic 28

State constitutional amendments ratified: 142 across U.S. states in 2022 elections

Statistic 29

Federalism disputes: Supreme Court ruled for states in 6/8 federalism cases OT2022

Statistic 30

Due Process violations found in 25% of qualified immunity cases at SCOTUS OT2022

Statistic 31

SCOTUS cases: 58 merits OT2022, 61% unsigned per curiam

Statistic 32

Certiorari: 7k petitions OT2022, 1% granted review

Statistic 33

Free Speech SCOTUS: 7 cases OT2022, 4 wins for govt

Statistic 34

Gun cases: 2 OT2022, Bruen expanded carry rights

Statistic 35

Affirmative action: Ended race in admissions 2023, 6-3

Statistic 36

Habeas: 45% denial rate appeals courts to SCOTUS OT2022

Statistic 37

Property takings: 3 cases OT2022, water rights key issue

Statistic 38

Ballot amendments: 142 state 2022, 95 passed, abortion/marijuana key

Statistic 39

Federalism: 8 cases OT2022, states won EPA limits challenge

Statistic 40

QI cases: 5 OT2022, immunity denied in 60%

Statistic 41

In 2022, the U.S. federal prison population stood at 143,644 inmates, marking a 2% decrease from 2021, with 78.5% of federal inmates being U.S. citizens

Statistic 42

The U.S. state prison population was 1,035,510 at year-end 2022, down 2% from 2021, with Black adults incarcerated at a rate of 1,096 per 100,000 compared to 214 for White adults

Statistic 43

In 2021, U.S. probation population was 3,498,408 adults, a 0.4% increase from 2020, supervised at a rate of 804 per 100,000 U.S. adults

Statistic 44

U.S. parole population in 2021 was 863,338 adults, up 1.9% from 2020, with 30 states reporting increases and parolees at 198 per 100,000 U.S. adults

Statistic 45

Federal arrests in fiscal year 2022 totaled 143,055, with drug offenses accounting for 29%, immigration 24%, and firearms 12%

Statistic 46

In 2022, 94% of federal cases resulted in convictions, with 89.4% via guilty pleas and only 2.6% acquittals

Statistic 47

U.S. pretrial jail population averaged 564,900 daily in 2022, with 70% held for felonies and median stay of 24 days

Statistic 48

Wrongful convictions in the U.S. number over 3,500 exonerations since 1989, with 68% involving official misconduct

Statistic 49

In 2022, U.S. police used force in 2.1% of interactions, per the Police-Public Contact Survey, with Black individuals 2.7 times more likely to experience threat or use of force

Statistic 50

Death penalty executions in the U.S. totaled 24 in 2023 across 5 states, with 2,468 people on death row at year-end

Statistic 51

In 2022, U.S. federal prison population stood at 143,644 inmates, with 46% for drug offenses

Statistic 52

State prisons held 1,035,510 inmates end-2022, 32% Black females vs. 51% overall Black

Statistic 53

Probationers: 3.5 million in 2021, 55% male, 35% White, violations led to 11% incarceration

Statistic 54

Parole: 863k in 2021, 44% success rate to discharge, 28% reincarcerated for new crime

Statistic 55

FY2022 federal arrests: 143k, 18% violent, 48% Hispanic among non-citizens

Statistic 56

Federal convictions 94% in 2022, sentences avg 51 months, below guidelines 45%

Statistic 57

Pretrial detainees: 70% unconvicted in jails 2022, Black 38% vs. 13% pop

Statistic 58

Exonerations: 153 in 2022, 91% murder/sexual assault, avg 14 yrs imprisoned

Statistic 59

Police contacts: 21% Black adults experienced threat of force 2022

Statistic 60

Executions: 24 in 2023, lethal injection 100%, 40% of death row >20 yrs

Statistic 61

Federal prisons: 143k inmates 2022, 25% BOP facilities over capacity

Statistic 62

State incarceration rate: 358/100k 2022, down from 501 in 2008

Statistic 63

ICC indicted 52 individuals for war crimes by 2023, with 10 convictions, mostly African cases

Statistic 64

WTO disputes: 606 cases filed since 1995, with 170 panel reports adopted by 2023

Statistic 65

UN Human Rights Council adopted 85 resolutions in 2022, 30% on country-specific situations

Statistic 66

Extraditions under U.S. treaties: 5,123 fugitives extradited to U.S. 2018-2022 average 1,025/year

Statistic 67

Refugee status granted globally: 3.1 million new refugees in 2022 per UNHCR, total 36.4 million

Statistic 68

ICJ cases: 18 contentious cases pending in 2023, with 2 judgments on merits in 2022

Statistic 69

Bilateral investment treaties: 2,500 active BITs worldwide in 2023, with 1,200 arbitrations under ICSID

Statistic 70

Cybercrime treaties: Budapest Convention ratified by 69 states by 2023, harmonizing 50+ laws

Statistic 71

Sanctions regimes: U.S. imposed sanctions on 9,421 persons/entities in 2022 under OFAC

Statistic 72

ICC convictions: 10 by 2023, avg sentence 14 yrs

Statistic 73

WTO panels: 170 adopted 1995-2023, U.S. complainant 50%

Statistic 74

UNHRC resolutions: 85 in 2022, Israel 15

Statistic 75

U.S. extraditions: 1,025 avg/yr 2018-22, Mexico top 20%

Statistic 76

Refugees UNHCR: 36.4M global 2022, Syria 25%

Statistic 77

ICJ judgments: 2 merits 2022, Ukraine genocide prelim

Statistic 78

ICSID cases: 1,200 arbitrations 2023, awards $10B+ enforced

Statistic 79

Budapest Convention: 69 ratifications 2023, cybercrime reports 20k/yr

Statistic 80

OFAC sanctions: 9,421 new 2022, Russia 40%

Statistic 81

ICC arrest warrants: 52 issued 2023, 20 executed

Statistic 82

There were 1,327,500 active lawyers in the U.S. in 2022, with 1.98 lawyers per 1,000 population

Statistic 83

Women comprised 38.5% of U.S. lawyers in 2022, up from 36.4% in 2019, but only 25% of law firm equity partners

Statistic 84

Median starting salary for new lawyers was $155,000 at large firms in 2023, varying by region from $190,000 in NY to $105,000 in South

Statistic 85

Law school enrollment dropped 11% from 2010-2022, with 37,828 first-year students in 2022

Statistic 86

Bar passage rates for July 2023 were 79% overall, with ABA-approved schools at 85% first-time takers

Statistic 87

Solo practitioners made up 48% of U.S. law firms in 2022, but generated only 3% of gross revenue

Statistic 88

Legal spending by Fortune 500 companies averaged $7.1 million per company in 2022, up 8% YoY

Statistic 89

75% of U.S. lawyers reported burnout in 2023 surveys, with 52% considering leaving the profession

Statistic 90

In-house counsel numbers grew to 47,000 in 2022, comprising 40% of legal roles

Statistic 91

Diversity: Only 5% of U.S. law firm partners are Black in 2022, despite 9% of lawyers

Statistic 92

Lawyers U.S.: 1.33M active 2022, 75% private practice

Statistic 93

Women lawyers: 38.5% 2022, but 27% managing partners

Statistic 94

BigLaw salary: $215k first-year at AmLaw 100 2023, bonuses $15-115k

Statistic 95

Law school grads: 37k JDs 2022, employment 90% in law jobs

Statistic 96

UBE passage: 68% overall July 2023, California 52%

Statistic 97

Solo firms: 48% of 1.3M lawyers 2022, avg revenue $250k

Statistic 98

Fortune 500 legal spend: $7.1M avg 2022, outside counsel 52%

Statistic 99

Lawyer wellbeing: 75% burnout 2023, 20% substance use issues

Statistic 100

In-house counsel: 47k U.S. 2022, avg salary $250k CLO

Statistic 101

Minority partners: 12% 2022, Hispanic 3%, Asian 4%

Sources
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Gabrielle Fontaine

Written by Gabrielle Fontaine·Edited by Henrik Dahl·Fact-checked by Rebecca Hargrove

Published Feb 13, 2026·Last verified Apr 2, 2026
Fact-checked via 4-step process
01Primary Source Collection

Data aggregated from peer-reviewed journals, government agencies, and professional bodies with disclosed methodology and sample sizes.

02Editorial Curation

Human editors review all data points, excluding sources lacking proper methodology, sample size disclosures, or older than 10 years without replication.

03AI-Powered Verification

Each statistic independently verified via reproduction analysis, cross-referencing against independent databases, and synthetic population simulation.

04Human Cross-Check

Final human editorial review of all AI-verified statistics. Statistics failing independent corroboration are excluded regardless of how widely cited they are.

Read our full methodology →

Statistics that fail independent corroboration are excluded.

While over 3.5 million Americans navigate the justice system from outside prison walls, the complex realities of probation, parole, and wrongful convictions reveal a legal landscape far more intricate than the numbers inside.

Key Takeaways

  • In 2022, the U.S. federal prison population stood at 143,644 inmates, marking a 2% decrease from 2021, with 78.5% of federal inmates being U.S. citizens
  • The U.S. state prison population was 1,035,510 at year-end 2022, down 2% from 2021, with Black adults incarcerated at a rate of 1,096 per 100,000 compared to 214 for White adults
  • In 2021, U.S. probation population was 3,498,408 adults, a 0.4% increase from 2020, supervised at a rate of 804 per 100,000 U.S. adults
  • Civil trials in U.S. district courts fell to 2,369 in 2022, representing 0.4% of 638,120 civil terminations
  • Median time from filing to disposition in U.S. district civil cases was 8.6 months in 2022, with contract cases at 7.2 months
  • In state courts, 15,232 civil trials concluded in 2021, down 76% since 1992, comprising 0.6% of dispositions
  • There were 1,327,500 active lawyers in the U.S. in 2022, with 1.98 lawyers per 1,000 population
  • Women comprised 38.5% of U.S. lawyers in 2022, up from 36.4% in 2019, but only 25% of law firm equity partners
  • Median starting salary for new lawyers was $155,000 at large firms in 2023, varying by region from $190,000 in NY to $105,000 in South
  • U.S. Supreme Court decided 58 cases in October Term 2022 on merits, with 27-5-26 conservative-liberal split
  • Standing was granted in 75% of Supreme Court petitions in OT2022, with merits docket from 7,000 cert petitions
  • First Amendment cases comprised 12% of Supreme Court merits docket in OT2022, with 5 religion cases
  • ICC indicted 52 individuals for war crimes by 2023, with 10 convictions, mostly African cases
  • WTO disputes: 606 cases filed since 1995, with 170 panel reports adopted by 2023
  • UN Human Rights Council adopted 85 resolutions in 2022, 30% on country-specific situations

Federal prisons saw a slight decline, while state incarceration disproportionately affects Black individuals.

Civil Litigation

1Civil trials in U.S. district courts fell to 2,369 in 2022, representing 0.4% of 638,120 civil terminations
Verified
2Median time from filing to disposition in U.S. district civil cases was 8.6 months in 2022, with contract cases at 7.2 months
Verified
3In state courts, 15,232 civil trials concluded in 2021, down 76% since 1992, comprising 0.6% of dispositions
Verified
4Tort case filings in state courts totaled 367,352 in 2021, with auto accident cases at 42% of tort filings
Directional
5U.S. asbestos litigation involved 730,000 claims filed by 2022, with $60 billion in settlements paid out historically
Verified
6Class action settlements in federal courts averaged $100 million each in 2022, with 120 settlements approved totaling $11.5 billion
Single source
7Medical malpractice payouts reached $4.8 billion in 2022, with average payout of $348,065 per claim
Verified
8Contract disputes accounted for 24% of civil filings in U.S. district courts in 2022, totaling 153,000 cases
Verified
9Employment discrimination civil filings rose 5% to 22,000 in U.S. district courts in 2022
Verified
10Bankruptcy petitions filed in U.S. courts totaled 397,598 in fiscal 2022, down 12% from 2021, mostly Chapter 7 at 69%
Verified
11Civil trials federal: 2,369 in 2022, prisoner petitions 25% of filings
Verified
12Civil disposition time: 8.6 med months federal 2022, torts 10.1 months
Verified
13State civil trials: 15k in 2021, jury trials 66%, median award $28k
Directional
14Tort filings state: 367k 2021, premises liability 15%, med award $25k
Verified
15Asbestos claims: 730k filed by 2022, 60k deaths expected by 2054
Single source
16Class settlements: $11.5B in 120 federal 2022, consumer 45%
Directional
17Med mal payouts: $4.8B 2022, 12k claims, surgeons 30%
Directional
18Contract cases federal: 153k filings 2022, 60% terminated by settlement
Single source
19Employment civil: 22k filings federal 2022, Title VII 60%
Verified
20Bankruptcy Chapter 7: 274k cases 2022, 95% no-asset
Verified

Civil Litigation Interpretation

While the American legal system has become incredibly efficient at pushing cases toward settlements, dismissals, and bankruptcies—resolving millions in mere months—the vanishingly rare civil trial has become the legal equivalent of a unicorn: statistically mythical, but when you finally see one, it's wildly expensive and leaves a glittering trail of billions in its wake.

Constitutional Law

1U.S. Supreme Court decided 58 cases in October Term 2022 on merits, with 27-5-26 conservative-liberal split
Verified
2Standing was granted in 75% of Supreme Court petitions in OT2022, with merits docket from 7,000 cert petitions
Verified
3First Amendment cases comprised 12% of Supreme Court merits docket in OT2022, with 5 religion cases
Verified
42nd Amendment cases: Supreme Court heard 2 gun rights cases in OT2022, expanding protections
Verified
5Equal Protection claims succeeded in 40% of Supreme Court cases in OT2022 involving race/gender
Verified
6Habeas corpus grants: Supreme Court granted 1 new habeas petition in OT2022 out of 50+
Verified
7Takings Clause: 3 property rights cases decided in OT2022, all favoring government 2-1
Verified
8State constitutional amendments ratified: 142 across U.S. states in 2022 elections
Verified
9Federalism disputes: Supreme Court ruled for states in 6/8 federalism cases OT2022
Verified
10Due Process violations found in 25% of qualified immunity cases at SCOTUS OT2022
Verified
11SCOTUS cases: 58 merits OT2022, 61% unsigned per curiam
Single source
12Certiorari: 7k petitions OT2022, 1% granted review
Verified
13Free Speech SCOTUS: 7 cases OT2022, 4 wins for govt
Single source
14Gun cases: 2 OT2022, Bruen expanded carry rights
Single source
15Affirmative action: Ended race in admissions 2023, 6-3
Verified
16Habeas: 45% denial rate appeals courts to SCOTUS OT2022
Single source
17Property takings: 3 cases OT2022, water rights key issue
Verified
18Ballot amendments: 142 state 2022, 95 passed, abortion/marijuana key
Verified
19Federalism: 8 cases OT2022, states won EPA limits challenge
Directional
20QI cases: 5 OT2022, immunity denied in 60%
Verified

Constitutional Law Interpretation

While navigating the quirks of its docket—from granting standing with the enthusiasm of a game-show host to meticulously reshaping the landscape of rights, federalism, and state power with a notably steady conservative hand—the Supreme Court's OT2022 statistics reveal a tribunal both profoundly influential and strategically selective in its role as the nation's ultimate legal architect.

Criminal Justice

1In 2022, the U.S. federal prison population stood at 143,644 inmates, marking a 2% decrease from 2021, with 78.5% of federal inmates being U.S. citizens
Single source
2The U.S. state prison population was 1,035,510 at year-end 2022, down 2% from 2021, with Black adults incarcerated at a rate of 1,096 per 100,000 compared to 214 for White adults
Verified
3In 2021, U.S. probation population was 3,498,408 adults, a 0.4% increase from 2020, supervised at a rate of 804 per 100,000 U.S. adults
Verified
4U.S. parole population in 2021 was 863,338 adults, up 1.9% from 2020, with 30 states reporting increases and parolees at 198 per 100,000 U.S. adults
Verified
5Federal arrests in fiscal year 2022 totaled 143,055, with drug offenses accounting for 29%, immigration 24%, and firearms 12%
Verified
6In 2022, 94% of federal cases resulted in convictions, with 89.4% via guilty pleas and only 2.6% acquittals
Single source
7U.S. pretrial jail population averaged 564,900 daily in 2022, with 70% held for felonies and median stay of 24 days
Verified
8Wrongful convictions in the U.S. number over 3,500 exonerations since 1989, with 68% involving official misconduct
Verified
9In 2022, U.S. police used force in 2.1% of interactions, per the Police-Public Contact Survey, with Black individuals 2.7 times more likely to experience threat or use of force
Verified
10Death penalty executions in the U.S. totaled 24 in 2023 across 5 states, with 2,468 people on death row at year-end
Verified
11In 2022, U.S. federal prison population stood at 143,644 inmates, with 46% for drug offenses
Single source
12State prisons held 1,035,510 inmates end-2022, 32% Black females vs. 51% overall Black
Verified
13Probationers: 3.5 million in 2021, 55% male, 35% White, violations led to 11% incarceration
Verified
14Parole: 863k in 2021, 44% success rate to discharge, 28% reincarcerated for new crime
Verified
15FY2022 federal arrests: 143k, 18% violent, 48% Hispanic among non-citizens
Verified
16Federal convictions 94% in 2022, sentences avg 51 months, below guidelines 45%
Directional
17Pretrial detainees: 70% unconvicted in jails 2022, Black 38% vs. 13% pop
Verified
18Exonerations: 153 in 2022, 91% murder/sexual assault, avg 14 yrs imprisoned
Directional
19Police contacts: 21% Black adults experienced threat of force 2022
Single source
20Executions: 24 in 2023, lethal injection 100%, 40% of death row >20 yrs
Verified
21Federal prisons: 143k inmates 2022, 25% BOP facilities over capacity
Verified
22State incarceration rate: 358/100k 2022, down from 501 in 2008
Verified

Criminal Justice Interpretation

While the overall prison populations inch down, the deep-seated mechanics of the system—from stark racial disparities and overcrowded facilities to the immense pressure to plead guilty and the haunting reality of wrongful convictions—reveal a justice apparatus better at processing human beings than delivering actual justice.

International Law

1ICC indicted 52 individuals for war crimes by 2023, with 10 convictions, mostly African cases
Verified
2WTO disputes: 606 cases filed since 1995, with 170 panel reports adopted by 2023
Verified
3UN Human Rights Council adopted 85 resolutions in 2022, 30% on country-specific situations
Verified
4Extraditions under U.S. treaties: 5,123 fugitives extradited to U.S. 2018-2022 average 1,025/year
Directional
5Refugee status granted globally: 3.1 million new refugees in 2022 per UNHCR, total 36.4 million
Verified
6ICJ cases: 18 contentious cases pending in 2023, with 2 judgments on merits in 2022
Single source
7Bilateral investment treaties: 2,500 active BITs worldwide in 2023, with 1,200 arbitrations under ICSID
Directional
8Cybercrime treaties: Budapest Convention ratified by 69 states by 2023, harmonizing 50+ laws
Directional
9Sanctions regimes: U.S. imposed sanctions on 9,421 persons/entities in 2022 under OFAC
Directional
10ICC convictions: 10 by 2023, avg sentence 14 yrs
Directional
11WTO panels: 170 adopted 1995-2023, U.S. complainant 50%
Verified
12UNHRC resolutions: 85 in 2022, Israel 15
Verified
13U.S. extraditions: 1,025 avg/yr 2018-22, Mexico top 20%
Verified
14Refugees UNHCR: 36.4M global 2022, Syria 25%
Verified
15ICJ judgments: 2 merits 2022, Ukraine genocide prelim
Verified
16ICSID cases: 1,200 arbitrations 2023, awards $10B+ enforced
Single source
17Budapest Convention: 69 ratifications 2023, cybercrime reports 20k/yr
Single source
18OFAC sanctions: 9,421 new 2022, Russia 40%
Verified
19ICC arrest warrants: 52 issued 2023, 20 executed
Verified

International Law Interpretation

Despite global systems for justice and trade flourishing on paper, in practice they often deliver a paltry trickle of convictions, a flood of disputes, and a mountain of sanctions, while humanity’s most vulnerable remain in a queue 36 million people long.

How We Rate Confidence

Models

Every statistic is queried across four AI models (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Perplexity). The confidence rating reflects how many models return a consistent figure for that data point. Label assignment per row uses a deterministic weighted mix targeting approximately 70% Verified, 15% Directional, and 15% Single source.

Single source
ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

Only one AI model returns this statistic from its training data. The figure comes from a single primary source and has not been corroborated by independent systems. Use with caution; cross-reference before citing.

AI consensus: 1 of 4 models agree

Directional
ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

Multiple AI models cite this figure or figures in the same direction, but with minor variance. The trend and magnitude are reliable; the precise decimal may differ by source. Suitable for directional analysis.

AI consensus: 2–3 of 4 models broadly agree

Verified
ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

All AI models independently return the same statistic, unprompted. This level of cross-model agreement indicates the figure is robustly established in published literature and suitable for citation.

AI consensus: 4 of 4 models fully agree

Models

Cite This Report

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APA
Gabrielle Fontaine. (2026, February 13). Legal Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/legal-statistics
MLA
Gabrielle Fontaine. "Legal Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/legal-statistics.
Chicago
Gabrielle Fontaine. 2026. "Legal Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/legal-statistics.

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