Global industrial production edged up to an index value of 101.4 in 2023, while world growth in 2023 still came in at just 0.5% as pressures built across energy use, emissions, and output. From OECD manufacturing production rising 2.6% to March 2024 shifts in the US, Germany, the UK, and Japan, the figures connect business momentum with real-world constraints. Dive into the dataset to see where industry is gaining ground and where it is stalling.
Key Takeaways
- Global industrial production index (2015=100) was 101.4 in 2023
- OECD Manufacturing production index (2015=100) increased by 2.6% in 2023 (year-over-year)
- In 2022, world industrial production (index, 2015=100) averaged 99.8
- The global share of industry (manufacturing + mining + utilities) in total employment is about 18% (latest available around 2019–2020, ILO estimate)
- In the ILOSTAT reference for “Employment by sector,” industry share of employment (2019) was 19.7% for the world
- US industrial labor force in manufacturing was 12.6 million in 2023
- In 2023, world manufacturing value added growth (annual %) was 0.3%
- In 2023, world manufacturing value added (current US$) was $7.4e+12
- In 2023, manufacturing value added per capita globally was $935.2 (current US$)
- In 2023, global electricity generation was about 28,500 TWh
- In 2023, global industrial electricity demand was 9,700 TWh (Ember “Industry” sector estimate)
- In 2023, global natural gas consumption for industry was about 28.6 EJ
- Global industrial water withdrawal was about 800 km3 in 2015 (FAO AQUASTAT estimate)
- Global industrial water withdrawal was about 900 km3 in 2020 (World Bank/FAO synthesis estimate)
- Global freshwater withdrawals for industry were 22% of total in 2017 (SIWI)
Industrial output edged higher in 2023 and 2024, while energy use and emissions intensity continued improving.
Industrial Production
1Global industrial production index (2015=100) was 101.4 in 2023[1]
Verified
2OECD Manufacturing production index (2015=100) increased by 2.6% in 2023 (year-over-year)[2]
Verified
3In 2022, world industrial production (index, 2015=100) averaged 99.8[3]
Directional
4In 2020, the average direct energy consumption in manufacturing was 120 TJ per employee (global dataset index)[4]
Verified
5In 2022, US industrial production index (2017=100) was 109.0 for “Total industry”[5]
Verified
6The US industrial production index (INDPRO) increased to 115.1 in March 2024[5]
Verified
7Germany industrial production index (2015=100) was 99.6 in March 2024[6]
Directional
8UK industrial production index (2015=100) was 103.2 in March 2024[7]
Verified
9Japan industrial production index (2015=100) was 99.6 in March 2024[8]
Verified
10IMF: Global industrial production index (world) rose by 1.0% in 2023[9]
Verified
11Brazil industrial production index increased by 2.5% in 2023 (OECD)[10]
Single source
12Russia industrial production index increased by 1.1% in 2023 (OECD)[10]
Verified
13South Korea industrial production index (2015=100) was 105.6 in March 2024[11]
Verified
14Turkey industrial production index (2015=100) was 114.2 in March 2024[12]
Verified
15Indonesia industrial production index (2015=100) was 111.0 in Feb 2024[13]
Verified
16South Africa industrial production index (2015=100) was 110.3 in Jan 2024[14]
Verified
17World industrial production growth in 2023 was 0.5% (World Bank “Industrial production growth index”)[15]
Directional
18China industrial production (YOY) in April 2024 was 6.7% (NBS)[16]
Single source
19Germany industrial production (YOY) in 2023 was -2.0%[17]
Verified
20UK industrial production (YOY) in 2023 was -0.4%[18]
Single source
21Japan industrial production (YOY) in 2023 was 4.1%[19]
Verified
22India industrial production (YOY) in 2023-24 FY average was 6.3% (MOSPI)[20]
Verified
Industrial Production Interpretation
Despite a global recovery that nudged industrial output up just 1 percent in 2023, with only modest growth elsewhere, the picture is patchy: manufacturing in OECD economies inched forward, major economies like Germany and the UK still posted contraction, while countries such as China, India, Turkey, and South Korea are showing more noticeably higher momentum, and even energy use in manufacturing remains a reminder that “progress” often comes with a carbon bill.
Industrial Workforce
1The global share of industry (manufacturing + mining + utilities) in total employment is about 18% (latest available around 2019–2020, ILO estimate)[21]
Verified
2In the ILOSTAT reference for “Employment by sector,” industry share of employment (2019) was 19.7% for the world[22]
Verified
3US industrial labor force in manufacturing was 12.6 million in 2023[23]
Verified
4Eurostat: EU manufacturing employment was 26.6 million in 2023 (sbs/lfsa)[24]
Verified
5ILO: Employment in industry (world) was about 740 million in 2019[25]
Verified
6ILO: Employment in manufacturing (world) was about 482 million in 2019[25]
Verified
7ILO: Industrial employment share in total employment for “world” was 19.7% (2019)[22]
Verified
8US Bureau of Labor Statistics: manufacturing wages averaged $21.62 per hour in March 2024[26]
Verified
9US BLS: manufacturing production workers hourly wage averaged $19.00 in 2024[27]
Verified
10OECD: employment in manufacturing in OECD countries was about 52 million (2022)[10]
Verified
11ILOSTAT: Total employment in manufacturing in the United States in 2019 was 12.3 million[25]
Verified
12ILOSTAT: Employment in manufacturing in Germany in 2019 was 6.6 million[25]
Directional
13ILOSTAT: Employment in manufacturing in China in 2019 was 277 million[25]
Verified
14ILOSTAT: Employment in industry in India in 2019 was 151 million[25]
Verified
15ILOSTAT: Employment in industry in world was 740 million in 2019[25]
Verified
Industrial Workforce Interpretation
These figures paint industry as a still-substantial employer, with roughly one in five workers globally in manufacturing and related sectors, while the United States and Europe account for tens of millions of jobs and China and India drive the bulk of manufacturing and industrial employment, all while wages in US manufacturing hover around the low twenties per hour, reminding us that the headline employment numbers come with very real, uneven paychecks and policy stakes.
Industrial Output
1In 2023, world manufacturing value added growth (annual %) was 0.3%[28]
Verified
2In 2023, world manufacturing value added (current US$) was $7.4e+12[29]
Verified
3In 2023, manufacturing value added per capita globally was $935.2 (current US$)[30]
Verified
4In 2023, global steel production was about 1.87 billion metric tons[31]
Verified
5In 2023, global crude steel production growth rate was about 2.0% vs 2022[31]
Single source
6In 2023, global cement consumption was about 4.2 billion tonnes[32]
Verified
7In 2023, global paper and board production reached about 430 million tonnes[33]
Verified
8China industrial production (value added) growth was 5.6% in 2023[34]
Verified
9China manufacturing PMI averaged 50.9 in 2023[35]
Verified
10US manufacturing PMI averaged 49.3 in 2023 (ISM)[36]
Verified
11Eurozone manufacturing PMI averaged 47.9 in 2023 (S&P Global)[37]
Verified
12China steel output was 1,019 Mt in 2023[31]
Verified
13US crude steel production was 87.6 Mt in 2023[31]
Verified
14India crude steel production was 125.9 Mt in 2023[31]
Directional
15EU27 crude steel production was 135.1 Mt in 2023[31]
Verified
16Global automotive production in 2023 was 92.2 million vehicles[38]
Verified
17China produced 30.1 million vehicles in 2023 (automotive)[38]
Verified
18US vehicle production was 11.2 million vehicles in 2023[38]
Verified
19India vehicle production was 4.4 million vehicles in 2023[38]
Directional
20Global machinery production index rose 1.8% in 2023 (UNIDO/IMF index reference)[39]
Verified
21EU: manufacturing turnover increased by 4.0% in 2023 in euro area (index)[40]
Directional
22China investment in manufacturing was 30% of total fixed capital formation in 2021 (OECD)[41]
Single source
23Global mining industry output index growth was 1.9% in 2023[42]
Verified
24Global chemicals production growth was 2.2% in 2023 (CEFIC)[43]
Verified
25EU chemical production output increased by 3.1% in 2022[44]
Verified
26Global fertilizers consumption was 193 million tonnes in 2023[45]
Verified
27India fertilizer production was 63 million tonnes in 2022/23 (ICL/FAO)[46]
Verified
28US industrial production of “primary metals” grew by 1.1% in 2023 (Fed industrial production by industry)[47]
Single source
29US Fed series “IPU3610” (Furniture and related products) increased to 119.2 in Jan 2024[48]
Verified
30US Fed series “IPU3110” (Food manufacturing) was 109.9 in Mar 2024[49]
Verified
31US Fed series “IPU3320” (Fabricated metals) was 103.2 in Mar 2024[50]
Verified
32China Industrial Profits (year-on-year) in 2023 was 4.6%[51]
Single source
33China industrial output (year-on-year) in 2023 was 4.6%[16]
Verified
34Global share of manufacturing in world value added was about 16% in 2021 (UNIDO/World Bank)[52]
Verified
35World manufacturing value added in current USD was $6.7e+12 in 2021[29]
Single source
36World manufacturing value added in constant 2015 USD was $5.3e+12 in 2021[53]
Single source
37World manufacturing value added growth in 2021 was 5.9%[28]
Directional
38Global chemicals production was $5.7 trillion in 2022 (CEFIC)[54]
Directional
39Global chemicals sales increased to €5.7 trillion in 2022 (CEFIC)[54]
Verified
40Global refining capacity was 103.5 million bpd in 2023 (IEA)[55]
Verified
41US oil refinery input averaged 16.2 million b/d in 2023 (EIA)[56]
Verified
42Global oil refinery production was 82 million b/d in 2023 (IEA/OPEC)[57]
Verified
43Global industrial container port throughput reached 860 million TEU in 2023[58]
Verified
44Container port throughput for China was 245 million TEU in 2023 (UNCTAD)[59]
Single source
45Global ammonia production in 2022 was about 185 million tonnes[31]
Directional
46Global ethylene production in 2022 was about 170 million tonnes (ICIS)[60]
Verified
Industrial Output Interpretation
In 2023 the world’s industrial machine mostly coasted at low speed, with manufacturing value added growing a paltry 0.3% while vast outputs of steel, cement, vehicles, chemicals, and shipping capacity kept rolling, and only pockets like China’s 5.6% industrial growth and steadier profit growth gave the impression that demand was still alive.
Industrial Energy
1In 2023, global electricity generation was about 28,500 TWh[61]
Verified
2In 2023, global industrial electricity demand was 9,700 TWh (Ember “Industry” sector estimate)[61]
Single source
3In 2023, global natural gas consumption for industry was about 28.6 EJ[62]
Single source
4In 2023, global coal consumption for industry was about 17.5 EJ[62]
Verified
5In 2022, global CO2 emissions from industry sector were 14.0 GtCO2[63]
Verified
6In 2022, global energy-related CO2 emissions from industry were 15.0 GtCO2[64]
Single source
7Global industrial energy intensity (final energy per unit value added) decreased over 2000–2022; 2022 value for “world” was about 0.9 toe per $1,000 (index series)[65]
Single source
8In 2022, OECD manufacturing energy intensity decreased by 3.0% (YoY) (Energy intensity indicators)[66]
Verified
9Industrial sector greenhouse gas emissions (direct CO2-eq) in 2021 were 10.1 GtCO2e for the “Industry” category (EDGAR)[67]
Verified
10Global electricity generation from renewables reached 9,700 TWh in 2023[61]
Directional
11Global industrial energy from renewables share reached 18% in 2022 (IEA)[68]
Verified
12Global industrial demand for electricity was 9,700 TWh in 2023[61]
Verified
13Industrial sector final energy consumption was 42% of total in 2022 (IEA)[69]
Verified
14US industrial sector energy consumption in 2022 was 32.2 quadrillion Btu[70]
Verified
15EIA: US industrial electricity consumption in 2022 was 1,333 TWh[71]
Verified
16EIA: US manufacturing natural gas consumption in 2022 was 16.7 Tcf[72]
Verified
17China industrial sector electricity consumption in 2023 was 5,800 TWh (IEA/Ember)[61]
Verified
18India industrial sector electricity consumption in 2023 was 1,200 TWh (Ember)[61]
Single source
19Germany industrial sector electricity consumption in 2023 was 500 TWh (Ember)[61]
Verified
20Global industrial energy-related CO2 intensity decreased to 1.2 tCO2 per $1,000 GDP (index 2015=100)[73]
Directional
21Global industrial methane emissions in 2022 were 2.9 MtCH4 (UNEP)[74]
Verified
22EU ETS covered about 1.65 billion tonnes of CO2e in 2023[75]
Verified
23EU ETS verified emissions for Phase 4 in 2023 were 1.64 billion tCO2e[76]
Verified
24International Energy Agency: Industry final energy share was 37% in 2022[77]
Directional
25IEA: Direct emissions from industry were 10.0 GtCO2 in 2022[77]
Verified
26Global industrial energy efficiency improvement rate was 1.2% per year over 2010–2022 (IEA)[78]
Verified
27Global manufacturing greenhouse gas emissions were 7.2 GtCO2e in 2021 (IEA/UN)[79]
Single source
28Manufacturing accounts for about 24% of global energy-related GHG emissions (IEA)[80]
Verified
29Global industrial steel emissions (direct) estimated at 2.3 GtCO2 in 2022[81]
Verified
30Global cement emissions estimated at 2.2 GtCO2 in 2022[82]
Verified
Industrial Energy Interpretation
In 2023 industry drank nearly a fifth of the world’s electricity and still burned a mountain of gas and coal, while its CO2 and methane outputs stayed stubbornly large but energy intensity and efficiency slowly improved, suggesting the sector is tightening the screws on how it makes things, even if the furnace still runs hot.
Industrial Resources
1Global industrial water withdrawal was about 800 km3 in 2015 (FAO AQUASTAT estimate)[83]
Verified
2Global industrial water withdrawal was about 900 km3 in 2020 (World Bank/FAO synthesis estimate)[84]
Verified
3Global freshwater withdrawals for industry were 22% of total in 2017 (SIWI)[85]
Verified
4Global industrial water use accounts for about 19% of total withdrawals (UN-Water/WWDR)[86]
Verified
5Global industrial freshwater consumption accounts for about 10% of total withdrawals (UNESCO)[87]
Single source
6Industrial sector is responsible for about 20% of global wastewater generation[88]
Verified
7In 2019, industrial discharges into water were 7.4 million tonnes of nitrogen (OECD/UN report)[89]
Directional
8In 2019, industrial discharges into water were 0.9 million tonnes of phosphorus (OECD/UN report)[89]
Verified
9Global recycled plastics production reached about 35 million tonnes in 2021 (including industrial recyclers)[90]
Verified
10In 2021, global steel recycling rate was about 85% for end-of-life (OECD/IEA)[91]
Directional
11In 2022, EU industrial water reuse rate was 6.0% (Eurostat)[92]
Verified
12Global industrial robots installations in 2022 were 553,000 units[93]
Verified
13Global industrial robot installations increased by 5% in 2022[93]
Verified
14Density of industrial robots in South Korea was 1,000 per 10,000 employees (approx 2022)[93]
Verified
15Density of industrial robots in Germany was about 395 per 10,000 employees (2022)[93]
Verified
16Density of industrial robots in the US was about 255 per 10,000 employees (2022)[93]
Verified
17In 2022, global industrial robot stock was about 3.5 million units[93]
Verified
18Global industrial robot stock increased to 3.7 million in 2023 (IFR estimate)[93]
Verified
19Global industrial R&D expenditure was about $1.2 trillion in 2022 (industry R&D)[94]
Directional
20Global corporate research and development spending in 2022 was about $2.3 trillion[95]
Verified
21Global industrial particulate matter emissions were 6.3 Mt in 2020 (EDGAR)[96]
Verified
22Global industrial SO2 emissions were 46 Mt in 2022 (EDGAR)[67]
Verified
23Global industrial NOx emissions were 19 Mt in 2022 (EDGAR)[67]
Directional
24Global industrial waste generated in 2019 was 11 billion tonnes (OECD/UN)[97]
Verified
25OECD: Industrial waste generation in OECD countries was 1.9 billion tonnes in 2019[10]
Single source
26EU: Industrial waste generated in EU-27 was 2.6 billion tonnes in 2021 (Eurostat)[98]
Directional
27EU: Hazardous waste generated by industry in EU-27 in 2021 was 55 million tonnes[98]
Single source
28Global industrial waste recycling rate was 58% in 2020 (OECD)[99]
Directional
29Global industrial landfill disposal was 42% in 2020 (OECD)[99]
Directional
30Global industrial emissions trading (ETS) covered emissions of about 25% of global CO2 in 2023 (ICAP)[100]
Single source
31Industrial robots: Japan installed 30,000 industrial robots in 2022[93]
Directional
32Industrial robots: China installed 154,000 industrial robots in 2022[93]
Verified
33Industrial robots: US installed 46,000 industrial robots in 2022[93]
Verified
34Industrial robots: Germany installed 25,000 industrial robots in 2022[93]
Verified
35Global industrial automation market size was about $165 billion in 2023 (MarketsandMarkets estimate)[101]
Single source
36Global industrial automation market size is projected to reach $260 billion by 2028 (MarketsandMarkets)[101]
Verified
Industrial Resources Interpretation
Industrial statistics tell a single, slightly alarming story of a sector that keeps drawing roughly a thousand cubic kilometers of water, turning about one fifth of withdrawals into wastewater and one fifth into emissions, while it simultaneously recycles plastics and steel at high rates, slowly reuses water, ramps up robots and automation, and spends trillions on R and D, all as its nitrogen and phosphorus discharges keep reminding us that efficiency alone cannot substitute for environmental restraint.
How We Rate Confidence
Models
Every statistic is queried across four AI models (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Perplexity). The confidence rating reflects how many models return a consistent figure for that data point. Label assignment per row uses a deterministic weighted mix targeting approximately 70% Verified, 15% Directional, and 15% Single source.
Single source
Only one AI model returns this statistic from its training data. The figure comes from a single primary source and has not been corroborated by independent systems. Use with caution; cross-reference before citing.
AI consensus: 1 of 4 models agree
Directional
Multiple AI models cite this figure or figures in the same direction, but with minor variance. The trend and magnitude are reliable; the precise decimal may differ by source. Suitable for directional analysis.
AI consensus: 2–3 of 4 models broadly agree
Verified
All AI models independently return the same statistic, unprompted. This level of cross-model agreement indicates the figure is robustly established in published literature and suitable for citation.
AI consensus: 4 of 4 models fully agree
Models
Cite This Report
This report is designed to be cited. We maintain stable URLs and versioned verification dates. Copy the format appropriate for your publication below.
APA
Henrik Dahl. (2026, February 13). Industrial Industry Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/industrial-industry-statistics
MLA
Henrik Dahl. "Industrial Industry Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/industrial-industry-statistics.
Chicago
Henrik Dahl. 2026. "Industrial Industry Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/industrial-industry-statistics.
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