Feeding a nation and fueling a global market, Indonesia's food industry is a dynamic powerhouse, as seen in its staggering 59% share of world palm oil production and its title as the world's top instant noodle consumer.
Key Takeaways
- In 2022, Indonesia's crude palm oil production reached 46.2 million metric tons, representing 59% of the global total and a 2.5% increase from 2021
- Indonesia harvested 54.6 million tons of rice paddy in 2023, up 1.2% year-over-year due to improved irrigation in Java
- Cassava production in Indonesia totaled 21.4 million tons in 2022, with Lampung province contributing 28% of national output
- Indonesia's household rice consumption averaged 124 kg per capita annually in 2022, down from 130 kg in 2020 due to diversification
- Palm oil consumption in Indonesia reached 18.5 million tons in 2022, used 70% in food processing
- Annual per capita sugar consumption was 25.4 kg in 2023, with beverages accounting for 40%
- In 2023, Indonesia exported 33.5 million tons of palm oil, valued at USD 26.4 billion, to India 28% share
- Palm kernel meal exports reached 9.2 million tons in 2022, China top destination at 35%
- Cocoa bean exports totaled 430,000 tons in 2023, Malaysia primary buyer at 50%
- The Indonesian food and beverage market size was IDR 2,100 trillion in 2023, growing 6.8% YoY
- Instant noodles market revenue reached IDR 85 trillion in 2023, 8% growth driven by Indomie
- Palm oil downstream industry revenue hit IDR 1,200 trillion in 2022, oleochemicals 25%
- The food industry employed 5.2 million workers in 2023, 40% in small-medium enterprises
- Palm oil sector provided 4.5 million jobs in 2022, plantations 70%
- There were 2.8 million food processing SMEs in Indonesia 2023, 85% rural based
Indonesia leads in palm oil production and consumes diverse, growing food products domestically and through exports.
Consumption Statistics
- Indonesia's household rice consumption averaged 124 kg per capita annually in 2022, down from 130 kg in 2020 due to diversification
- Palm oil consumption in Indonesia reached 18.5 million tons in 2022, used 70% in food processing
- Annual per capita sugar consumption was 25.4 kg in 2023, with beverages accounting for 40%
- Poultry meat consumption grew to 13.5 kg per capita in 2022, up 5% YoY driven by urban demand
- Instant noodle consumption averaged 84 packs per capita yearly in 2023, highest globally
- Dairy product consumption reached 16.2 liters per capita in 2022, milk powder at 55% share
- Fish consumption was 56.4 kg per capita in 2023, with freshwater fish at 60% in inland areas
- Edible oil consumption totaled 22.1 million tons in 2022, palm oil dominant at 85%
- Wheat flour consumption hit 8.7 million tons in 2023, imported wheat milled locally 95%
- Processed food expenditure by households averaged IDR 4.2 million per year in 2022 SUSENAS survey
- Snack food consumption grew 7.2% YoY to IDR 150 trillion in 2023 market value
- Ready-to-eat meal consumption surged 12% in urban areas to 25 kg per capita in 2022
- Fruit juice consumption averaged 8.5 liters per capita annually in 2023, packaged at 70%
- Chocolate confectionery consumption was 1.2 kg per capita in 2022, imported brands 40% share
- Soft drink consumption reached 45 liters per capita in 2023, sugary variants 80%
- Bakery product consumption averaged 22 kg per capita yearly in 2022, bread at 50%
- Cooking oil retail sales volume was 15.2 million tons in 2023, bulk packaging 60%
- Organic food consumption grew 15% to IDR 5 trillion market in 2022, urban millennials driving demand
- Street food expenditure by consumers averaged IDR 25,000 daily in Jakarta 2023 survey
Consumption Statistics Interpretation
While Indonesians are diversifying their diets with more chicken, snacks, and instant noodles, their plates remain firmly anchored by a dominant tide of palm oil, sugar, and wheat, painting a picture of a nation snacking its way toward a more processed—and paradoxically varied—food landscape.
Employment and Industry Structure Statistics
- The food industry employed 5.2 million workers in 2023, 40% in small-medium enterprises
- Palm oil sector provided 4.5 million jobs in 2022, plantations 70%
- There were 2.8 million food processing SMEs in Indonesia 2023, 85% rural based
- Instant noodle industry employed 150,000 direct workers in 2022, Indomie factories key
- Aquaculture sector jobs totaled 12 million in 2023, small-scale farmers 90%
- Food retail employed 3.1 million in modern trade 2023, traditional markets 60% total
- Dairy industry workforce was 250,000 in 2022, processing plants 55%
- 1.2 million women employed in food agro-processing SMEs 2023, tempeh tofu dominant
- Large food companies numbered 450 in 2022, top 10 controlling 40% market share
- Street food vendors estimated 2.5 million nationwide 2023, urban areas 70%
- Palm oil mills operated 900 units in 2022, employing 300,000 workers directly
- Bakery sector had 500,000 outlets in 2023, artisan bakers 80%
- Seafood processing plants 1,200 facilities 2022, 150,000 jobs created
- Food delivery platforms employed 1.8 million riders in 2023, Gojek Grab leading
- Halal certification holders 170,000 food businesses 2023, MUI issuing body
- Beverage manufacturing firms 2,200 in 2022, bottled water plants 40%
- Confectionery industry structured around 300 factories 2023, multinationals 30%
- Organic farming employed 500,000 farmers 2022, certified estates growing
Employment and Industry Structure Statistics Interpretation
While Indonesia's food industry is often humorously summed up as "Indomie and tempeh in a palm oil sauce," this vast ecosystem of 5.2 million workers is a serious, complex dance between massive corporate power, millions of grassroots SMEs, and a delivery rider on a motorbike connecting it all to your doorstep.
Export and Import Statistics
- In 2023, Indonesia exported 33.5 million tons of palm oil, valued at USD 26.4 billion, to India 28% share
- Palm kernel meal exports reached 9.2 million tons in 2022, China top destination at 35%
- Cocoa bean exports totaled 430,000 tons in 2023, Malaysia primary buyer at 50%
- Frozen shrimp exports were 120,000 tons in 2022, USD 1.1 billion value to US and Japan
- Coffee exports hit 430,000 tons in 2023, US market 25% share green beans
- Rubber exports totaled 3.8 million tons in 2022, value USD 8.2 billion to China 40%
- Processed food exports grew 10% to USD 5.3 billion in 2023, instant noodles leading
- Canned tuna exports reached 180,000 tons in 2022, EU markets 30% share
- Cassava chip exports were 1.2 million tons in 2023, China and Japan top buyers
- Indonesia imported 2.6 million tons of wheat in 2023, 95% from Australia and US
- Soybean imports totaled 3.4 million tons in 2022, Argentina supplier 60%, for tofu tempeh
- Sugar imports were 3.2 million tons in 2023 raw sugar, from Thailand 45%
- Dairy product imports hit USD 1.8 billion in 2022, milk powder 70% from New Zealand
- Frozen beef imports reached 300,000 tons in 2023, Australia 80% share
- Garlic imports totaled 450,000 tons in 2022, China dominant at 95%
- Apple imports were 250,000 tons in 2023, US and China suppliers
- Corn imports stood at 1.5 million tons in 2022 for feed industry
- Food and beverage import value was USD 22.5 billion in 2023, wheat and soy leading
Export and Import Statistics Interpretation
While Indonesia fuels the world with palm, coffee, and shrimp, its own kitchen shelves are a globe-trotting affair, revealing a nation that masterfully exports its bounty yet still shops internationally for its daily bread.
Market Size and Revenue Statistics
- The Indonesian food and beverage market size was IDR 2,100 trillion in 2023, growing 6.8% YoY
- Instant noodles market revenue reached IDR 85 trillion in 2023, 8% growth driven by Indomie
- Palm oil downstream industry revenue hit IDR 1,200 trillion in 2022, oleochemicals 25%
- Snack foods sector valued at IDR 180 trillion in 2023, savory snacks 55% share
- Dairy market size grew to IDR 140 trillion in 2022, UHT milk 40% segment
- Processed meat products market reached IDR 95 trillion in 2023, sausages 60%
- Bakery industry revenue was IDR 120 trillion in 2022, traditional bread 45%
- Seafood processing market valued USD 4.5 billion in 2023, canned 35%
- Halal food market projected IDR 300 trillion by 2025, 2023 at IDR 250T
- Beverage industry revenue IDR 450 trillion in 2023, bottled water 30%
- Confectionery market size IDR 70 trillion in 2022, chocolate 50% share
- Organic and health food segment USD 1.2 billion in 2023, 18% CAGR
- E-commerce food sales revenue IDR 120 trillion in 2023, 25% of total retail
- Frozen food market grew to IDR 55 trillion in 2022, ready meals 40%
- Foodservice industry revenue IDR 350 trillion in 2023, fast food 28%
- Food processing industry contributed 6.5% to GDP in 2022, IDR 1,800T value added
Market Size and Revenue Statistics Interpretation
Indonesia's food industry is a culinary juggernaut, where the national passion for Indomie noodles and savory snacks fuels a trillion-rupiah economy, all while carefully balancing tradition, global trends, and the nation's growing appetite for convenience and halal-certified options.
Production Statistics
- In 2022, Indonesia's crude palm oil production reached 46.2 million metric tons, representing 59% of the global total and a 2.5% increase from 2021
- Indonesia harvested 54.6 million tons of rice paddy in 2023, up 1.2% year-over-year due to improved irrigation in Java
- Cassava production in Indonesia totaled 21.4 million tons in 2022, with Lampung province contributing 28% of national output
- Indonesia produced 2.8 million tons of cocoa beans in 2021-2022 season, down 5% from previous year due to aging trees
- Maize output in Indonesia was 14.7 million tons in 2023, with a yield of 5.2 tons per hectare in major producing regions
- Indonesia's sugar cane production hit 2.45 million tons in 2022 milling season, primarily from Java and Sumatra
- Banana production reached 8.1 million tons in 2022, with Cavendish variety accounting for 35% of total
- Coffee production in Indonesia was 760,000 metric tons in 2022/23, led by Robusta beans at 70% share
- Indonesia's rubber production totaled 3.1 million tons in 2022, with smallholders producing 85% of the volume
- Coconut production stood at 18.5 million tons in 2022, with Sulawesi contributing 42%
- In 2023, Indonesia's horticultural production included 7.2 million tons of chilies, up 4% YoY
- Poultry meat production reached 4.8 million tons in 2022, with broiler chickens at 90% of total
- Beef production in Indonesia was 450,000 tons in 2023, sourced mainly from Bali cattle
- Milk production totaled 1.2 million tons in 2022, with dairy cooperatives in Java leading at 65%
- Capture fisheries production hit 7.8 million tons in 2022, with tuna species comprising 30%
- Palm kernel oil production reached 13.4 million tons in 2022, byproduct of palm oil milling
- Soybean production was only 0.95 million tons in 2023, covering just 15% of domestic needs
- Mango production totaled 3.2 million tons in 2022, with West Java as top province at 22%
- Garlic production was 52,000 tons in 2023, mostly from highland areas like Lembang
Production Statistics Interpretation
Indonesia's agricultural landscape is a study in resilient, homegrown abundance—commanding the world's palm oil, steadily feeding itself with rice, and thriving in commodities from coffee to coconuts—yet it still grapples with the tricky balance of self-sufficiency, as seen in its reliance on imports for staples like soybeans.
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