From the moment Franklin D. Roosevelt took office on March 4, 1933, his first 100 days packed lightning-fast action, including 15 major bills signed into law by March 24 and emergency banking recovery broadcast to an estimated 60 million listeners through his fireside chats.
Key Takeaways
- FDR's first 100 days: 15 major bills signed into law by March 24, 1933
- FDR took office on March 4, 1933
- FDR delivered the First Inaugural Address on March 4, 1933
- FDR's “Fireside Chat” radio format used an estimated average audience of ~60 million listeners for his 1933-1936 chats (as commonly cited in scholarship)
- FDR's 1933 address on banking crisis (“fireside chat”) was on March 12, 1933
- In his fireside chat about fires and recovery, FDR spoke on September 30, 1933 (“Third Fireside Chat”)
- The 1933 Emergency Banking Act led to reopening of all banks in the United States on March 13, 1933 (Bank Holiday ended)
- By March 1933, there were 12,000 bank failures since 1930 (run-up to banking crisis)
- In 1933, the average unemployment rate rose to 24.9% in May 1933
- FDR’s Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) enrollment reached 2 million by 1935
- The CCC authorized 3 million men to be employed in its original design (created in 1933)
- Works Progress Administration (WPA) employed about 8.5 million people from 1935 to 1943
- Social Security Act (1935) initially covered about 35 million workers
- Social Security payroll taxes began in 1937
- Social Security retirement benefits were first paid on January 1, 1940
FDR’s New Deal rapidly rebooted banks, jobs, and workers, reshaping America.
Presidential records & legislative actions
1FDR's first 100 days: 15 major bills signed into law by March 24, 1933[1]
Verified2FDR took office on March 4, 1933[2]
Verified3FDR delivered the First Inaugural Address on March 4, 1933[2]
Verified4FDR signed the National Industrial Recovery Act on June 16, 1933[3]
Directional5NIRA established the National Recovery Administration (NRA)[4]
Single source6The NRA operated 1933-1935 under NIRA[5]
Verified7FDR established the Public Land and Utility Companies by executive action? (N/A exact); instead: FDR signed the Tennessee Valley Authority Act on May 18, 1933[6]
Verified8TVA Act established a federal corporation to manage Tennessee Valley resources[6]
Verified9FDR signed the Securities Exchange Act on June 6, 1934[7]
Directional10FDR signed the Social Security Act on August 14, 1935[8]
Single source11The Social Security Act contained 4 titles originally[8]
Verified12The WPA was established in 1935 by executive order (per WPA)[9]
Verified13Executive Order 7034 created the WPA on May 6, 1935[10]
Verified14Executive Order 7034 was signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt[10]
Directional15FDR’s Lend-Lease Act signed March 11, 1941 (lead to WWII aid)[11]
Single source16Lend-Lease Act (Public Law 77-11) enacted March 11, 1941[12]
Verified17FDR began his third term after election in 1940; inaugurated January 20, 1941[13]
Verified18FDR's fourth inauguration was January 20, 1945[14]
Verified19FDR died on April 12, 1945[15]
Directional20FDR served as president for 12 years (four terms)[15]
Single source21FDR became president on March 4, 1933 (start of first term)[15]
Verified22FDR's first term ended January 20, 1937 (12th Amendment terms)[16]
Verified23FDR established the Office of Production Management in 1941[17]
Verified24Office of Production Management existed 1941-1942[17]
Directional25FDR established the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion in 1945 (postwar)[18]
Single source26Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion operated 1945-1946[18]
Verified27Wagner Act was signed July 5, 1935[19]
Verified28Social Security Act signed August 14, 1935 (date)[20]
Verified29National Labor Relations Act became law July 5, 1935 (date)[21]
DirectionalPresidential records & legislative actions Interpretation
In his first whirlwind 100 days, FDR turned a mere swearing-in into a legislative marathon, quickly getting landmark laws like the NIRA, the TVA Act, and later the Social Security and Securities Exchange Acts into motion, then followed with bold wartime and New Deal institutions so the country could have both relief and recovery on the clock, not just hope in the speeches.
Public communication & media
1FDR's “Fireside Chat” radio format used an estimated average audience of ~60 million listeners for his 1933-1936 chats (as commonly cited in scholarship)[22]
Verified2FDR's 1933 address on banking crisis (“fireside chat”) was on March 12, 1933[23]
Verified3In his fireside chat about fires and recovery, FDR spoke on September 30, 1933 (“Third Fireside Chat”)[24]
Verified4FDR’s “Roosevelt's Fireside Chat on Banking” script/timestamp: March 12, 1933[23]
Directional5FDR’s “Four Freedoms” speech delivered January 6, 1941[25]
Single source6FDR’s “Arsenal of Democracy” speech delivered December 29, 1940[26]
Verified7NRA's “Blue Eagle” symbol was adopted in 1933[27]
Verified8NRA’s Blue Eagle became a symbol for the recovery effort[27]
Verified9The WPA Federal Project Number One? (No). Use exact: WPA was part of the Federal Project (Federal Theatre Project created 1935)[28]
Directional10Federal Theatre Project operated from 1935 to 1939[28]
Single source11The Federal Theatre Project was funded by WPA[28]
Verified12FDR created the Federal Art Project (part of WPA) in 1935[29]
Verified13Federal Art Project ran 1935-1943[29]
Verified14The Federal Music Project ran 1935-1939[30]
Directional15The Federal Writer’s Project ran 1935-1939[31]
Single source16FDR's Works Progress Administration funded projects including arts, writing, theatre; Federal Theatre Project ran 1935-1939[28]
Verified17(From LOC) Federal Writers' Project employed about 6,600 writers[31]
VerifiedPublic communication & media Interpretation
FDR’s statistically chatty “fireside” radio moment, backed by New Deal institutions like the WPA and its arts and performance offspring, treated public morale as infrastructure, while its time-stamped speeches and symbols like the NRA’s Blue Eagle show how carefully the recovery era tried to turn fear into a shared, listen-till-you-believe civic script.
Economic indicators & recovery programs
1The 1933 Emergency Banking Act led to reopening of all banks in the United States on March 13, 1933 (Bank Holiday ended)[32]
Verified2By March 1933, there were 12,000 bank failures since 1930 (run-up to banking crisis)[33]
Verified3In 1933, the average unemployment rate rose to 24.9% in May 1933[34]
Verified4U.S. unemployment peaked at 24.9% in 1933 (June/May)[34]
Directional5FRED unemployment rate series shows 24.9% in May 1933[35]
Single sourceEconomic indicators & recovery programs Interpretation
FDR’s Emergency Banking Act got the shutters back up on March 13, 1933, but the statistics that follow show why the country was still far from safe, with roughly 12,000 failures since 1930 and unemployment climbing to a painful peak of 24.9% in May and June 1933, a number echoed neatly in the FRED record.
New Deal programs & employment
1FDR’s Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) enrollment reached 2 million by 1935[36]
Verified2The CCC authorized 3 million men to be employed in its original design (created in 1933)[37]
Verified3Works Progress Administration (WPA) employed about 8.5 million people from 1935 to 1943[9]
Verified4WPA created about 10 million jobs between 1935 and 1943 (jobs total exceeding unique workers)[9]
Directional5FDR created the Civil Works Administration as part of the New Deal in 1933[38]
Single source6FDR created the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) in May 1933[39]
Verified7FERA grants totaled $3.1 billion (1933-1935)[40]
Verified8The Civil Works Administration was established in 1933 with federal funds and local administration[38]
Verified9The New Deal created the Works Progress Administration in 1935[41]
Directional10The Works Progress Administration's budget was $11.4 billion (1935-1943)[9]
Single source11CCC enrolled 3 million young men during its existence (1933-1942)[37]
Verified12CCC employed about 3 million; enrollment total is 3 million[42]
Verified13FDR's “New Deal” included the Emergency Relief Act of 1933; it created FERA[41]
Verified14FERA made grants to states; total $3.1 billion (1933-1935)[40]
Directional15The Civilian Conservation Corps provided monthly pay of $25 to enrollees with $22 sent to families[43]
Single source16CCC monthly allotment to family: $22 of the $25 pay (as described by NPS)[43]
Verified17CCC enrollees were required to be between 18 and 25 (original eligibility range)[37]
Verified18CCC enrollment ages 18-25[37]
Verified19The National Youth Administration (NYA) created in 1935[44]
Directional20NYA assisted about 4 million young people from 1935 to 1943[44]
Single source21Civil Works Administration aimed to provide work; created 1933 with $400 million appropriation (often cited)[45]
Verified22FDR’s “Second New Deal” launched in 1935 including WPA, Social Security, and other reforms[46]
Verified23Second New Deal period typically dated 1935-1936[46]
VerifiedNew Deal programs & employment Interpretation
FDR’s New Deal threw millions into government paychecks and public work, from the CCC’s 2 to 3 million young men and their $25-a-month lifeline to the WPA’s roughly 8.5 million workers and about 10 million jobs, while the Civil Works Administration and FERA helped kickstart the whole effort with major funding like FERA’s $3.1 billion, as if the economy needed a practical fix and the administration answered with an assembly line of relief.
New Deal programs & social welfare
1Social Security Act (1935) initially covered about 35 million workers[47]
Verified2Social Security payroll taxes began in 1937[48]
Verified3Social Security retirement benefits were first paid on January 1, 1940[47]
Verified4The Social Security Act of 1935 established a benefit for unemployment insurance (Title III)[8]
Directional5The New Deal included the Social Security Act in 1935[41]
Single sourceNew Deal programs & social welfare Interpretation
The New Deal’s Social Security Act of 1935 began by targeting roughly 35 million workers, only later got payroll taxes rolling in 1937, started paying retirement benefits on January 1, 1940, and even tucked unemployment insurance into Title III, proving that this “just in case” safety net was built in stages, not in a single dramatic moment.
Labor & wage regulation
1The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 set the federal minimum wage at $0.25 per hour[49]
Verified2Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act) passed in 1935; it prohibited unfair labor practices[50]
Verified3National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) established by the NLRA; NLRB began operations in 1935[51]
Verified4The National Labor Relations Act became law in July 1935[21]
Directional5NLRB was created by the NLRA to prevent unfair labor practices[52]
Single source6The original minimum wage under the Fair Labor Standards Act was $0.25 per hour (1938)[49]
Verified7The FLSA also limited child labor (as defined in the act)[53]
Verified8FDR signed the National Apprenticeship Act in 1937 (also known as Fitzgerald Act)[54]
Verified9The National Apprenticeship Act (Fitzgerald Act) became law in 1937[54]
Directional10National War Labor Board created in 1942[55]
Single source11National War Labor Board operated 1942-1945[55]
Verified12Minimum wage under FLSA started at $0.25 and was scheduled to rise to $0.40 by 1945 (as per act schedule)[49]
Verified13Child labor under FLSA had restrictions by age and hours[53]
VerifiedLabor & wage regulation Interpretation
Under FDR, the New Deal deployed the Fair Labor Standards Act to start a thrillingly tiny minimum wage of $0.25 an hour and curb child labor, while other labor laws created the Wagner Act and the NLRB to police unfair labor practices, added the Fitzgerald or National Apprenticeship Act in 1937, set wartime wages and labor conditions through the National War Labor Board from 1942 to 1945, and even built a schedule to nudge the minimum wage up to $0.40 by 1945.
New Deal programs & infrastructure
1Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) created in 1933[56]
Verified2TVA authorized to build hydroelectric dams on the Tennessee River system[57]
Verified3The TVA program aimed to sell power and provide flood control[57]
Verified4The Public Works Administration (PWA) authorized $3.3 billion for construction in 1933[58]
Directional5The PWA spent over $6 billion by 1941[58]
Single source6The Rural Electrification Administration (REA) created in 1935[59]
Verified7REA loans helped bring electric service to rural areas; by 1940, about 25% of rural farms had electricity (context for REA impact)[60]
Verified8The Tennessee Valley Authority's 1930s development included construction of multiple hydroelectric dams, first major dam completed in 1936 (Fontana Dam completion year)[57]
Verified9The Public Works Administration (PWA) provided $6 billion+ in grants/loans by 1939[58]
DirectionalNew Deal programs & infrastructure Interpretation
In 1933 the Roosevelt era looked at the Tennessee Valley and decided that power, protection from floods, and sorely needed jobs were all better together, so the TVA was authorized to build hydroelectric dams, the PWA pumped billions into construction that ballooned by 1941, and the REA followed in 1935 to wire rural farms, leaving by 1940 about a quarter of them finally lit up while dams like Fontana were moving from blueprints to real electricity by 1936.
Housing & finance
1FDR established the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) in 1934[61]
Verified2FHA mortgage insurance program began in 1934[61]
Verified3FHA insurance made mortgage terms up to 20 years common (per 1934 FHA/underwriting standards)[62]
Verified4The Federal Housing Act (1934) authorized creation of the Federal Housing Administration[63]
Directional5FDR established the National Housing Act in 1934 (a.k.a. Federal Housing Administration)[61]
Single source6The Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) created in 1933[64]
Verified7HOLC refinanced more than 1 million mortgages totaling about $4 billion (commonly cited)[64]
Verified8FDR signed the Home Owners’ Loan Act June 13, 1933[64]
VerifiedHousing & finance Interpretation
In 1933 and 1934, FDR tried to keep American homes from turning into financial smoke by creating HOLC to refinance over a million struggling mortgages and then launching the FHA so mortgage terms like 20 year deals became the norm.
Banking, regulation & finance
1FDR signed the Banking Act of 1935 (Glass-Steagall separation provisions)[65]
Verified2The Banking Act of 1935 strengthened the Federal Reserve System by creating the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)[66]
Verified3FDR signed the Glass–Steagall Banking Act on June 16, 1933[67]
Verified4Banking Act of 1933 created deposit insurance through the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)[68]
Directional5The FDIC was established in 1933[69]
Single source6FDIC was created in 1933; initial capital stock was $289 million (per FDIC history)[70]
Verified7The FDIC originally insured deposits up to $2,500[71]
Verified8FDR signed the Securities Act of 1933 on May 27, 1933[72]
Verified9FDR signed the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on June 6, 1934[7]
Directional10The Securities Exchange Act created the SEC[7]
Single source11The SEC was established in 1934 by the Securities Exchange Act[73]
Verified12Executive Order 6102 (1933) restricted gold ownership (part of Gold Reserve Act actions)[74]
Verified13Executive Order 6102 was issued on April 5, 1933[74]
Verified14FDR set up the Office of Price Administration (OPA) in 1941 to control prices[75]
Directional15OPA established August 1941 (date)[75]
Single source16FDR signed the Nationality Act amendments? (No). Provide: The “Emergency Price Control Act” in 1942 created price controls and rent controls[76]
Verified17Emergency Price Control Act of 1942 set authority for price ceilings/rent controls[76]
Verified18FDR signed the Public Utility Holding Company Act (PUHCA) on August 26, 1935[77]
Verified19PUHCA created an SEC role to break up holding companies[77]
Directional20Gold ownership was illegal under EO 6102 unless exempt; deadline was May 1, 1933[78]
Single source21EO 6102 required surrender of gold held in excess of exemptions by May 1, 1933[78]
Verified22FDR devalued the dollar via Gold Reserve Act; dollar was devalued to $35 per ounce[79]
Verified23The Gold Reserve Act raised the official price of gold to $35 per troy ounce (1934)[80]
Verified24The Gold Reserve Act was signed January 30, 1934[80]
Directional25The SEC was created in 1934 with five commissioners initially[81]
Single sourceBanking, regulation & finance Interpretation
FDR’s numbers read like a one-man legislative speedrun where banking got separated and insured, markets got regulated and supervised, gold got unpersoned on a deadline, and price and utility power were tightened, all in the name of steering the country back from the brink without letting finance or prices run off the rails.
Agriculture & rural economics
1The Farm Credit Administration existed prior; FDR expanded Farm Credit System oversight via the Farm Credit Act amendments (1933)[82]
Verified2Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) signed May 12, 1933[83]
Verified3AAA initially planned to pay farmers to reduce crop production[84]
Verified4The AAA used a tax on processors to fund payments[84]
Directional5FDR signed the Emergency Farm Mortgage Act in 1933[85]
Single source6Farm Tenancy Act of 1937 provided assistance; it was part of resettlement and tenant relief[86]
Verified7FDR signed the Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act on July 22, 1937[87]
Verified8FDR created the Resettlement Administration in 1935[88]
Verified9FDR created the Farm Security Administration (FSA) in 1937[89]
DirectionalAgriculture & rural economics Interpretation
From strengthening the Farm Credit System before it was even cool, to paying farmers (by taxing processors) to grow less under the 1933 AAA, and then unspooling a whole safety net of mortgage and tenant relief through the 1933 Emergency Farm Mortgage Act, the 1937 tenant acts, and the 1935 Resettlement Administration and 1937 Farm Security Administration, FDR tried to keep American farms from going under while the Great Depression did its worst.
Elections & public opinion
1FDR won the 1932 election with 57.4% of the popular vote[90]
Verified2FDR won the 1936 election with 60.8% of the popular vote[91]
Verified3FDR won the 1940 election with 54.7% of the popular vote[92]
Verified4Electoral vote in 1932: Franklin D. Roosevelt received 472 electoral votes[90]
Directional5Electoral vote in 1936: Franklin D. Roosevelt received 523 electoral votes[91]
Single source6Electoral vote in 1940: Franklin D. Roosevelt received 449 electoral votes[92]
Verified7Roosevelt’s 1944 election won with 53.4% of the popular vote[93]
Verified8Electoral vote 1944: Franklin D. Roosevelt received 432 electoral votes[93]
VerifiedElections & public opinion Interpretation
FDR’s electoral résumé is a masterclass in staying power, winning four straight presidential elections from 1932 through 1944 with popular vote shares ranging from 53.4% to 60.8% and electoral votes from 432 to 523, even when the country’s mood clearly refused to stay consistent.
Constitutional/legal affairs
1FDR’s court-packing plan (Judicial Procedures Reform Bill) was introduced in 1937 with proposal to add up to 6 justices to Supreme Court[94]
Verified2FDR proposed Supreme Court expansion to allow additional justices, “up to six” under the 1937 plan[94]
Verified3The Supreme Court invalidated the AAA in United States v. Butler (1936)[95]
Verified4The Supreme Court struck down the NIRA in Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States (1935)[96]
Directional5President Roosevelt's plan to appoint judges was rejected by Congress (court packing failed)[97]
Single source6Indian Reorganization Act (1934) was signed by FDR on June 18, 1934[98]
Verified7In 1937, West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish upheld a state minimum wage law[99]
Verified8In 1938, United States v. Darby upheld federal Fair Labor Standards Act wage-hour provisions[100]
Verified9In 1939, NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel upheld NLRA constitutionality[101]
DirectionalConstitutional/legal affairs Interpretation
Roosevelt’s 1937 court-packing gambit, which aimed to add up to six Supreme Court justices after earlier losses that struck down key New Deal laws, ultimately failed in Congress even as the Court started validating the New Deal for real in cases like West Coast Hotel, United States v. Darby, and NLRB v. Jones and Laughlin, proving that sometimes the vote to change the Court is less decisive than the decisions the Court ends up making anyway.
Civil rights & inclusion
1Roosevelt's “Fourteenth Points” (N/A); Instead: FDR proposed Executive order or law; use: Executive Order 8802 created Fair Employment Practice Committee in June 1941[102]
Verified2Executive Order 8802 prohibited discrimination in defense industries and created a committee to enforce it[102]
Verified3EO 8802 was issued June 25, 1941[102]
Verified4Executive Order 9066 was signed on February 19, 1942[103]
Directional5Executive Order 9066 authorized the Secretary of War to prescribe military areas (Japanese-American exclusion zones)[103]
Single source6Japanese American incarceration involved about 120,000 people (often cited figure)[104]
Verified7FDR's “Executive Order 9066” led to exclusion zones; it applied to “any or all persons” from designated areas[103]
Verified8Executive Order 9066 used the phrase “such persons” and authorized removal[103]
Verified9Total number incarcerated: about 120,000[104]
Directional10About two-thirds of incarcerated Japanese Americans were US citizens (common figure)[104]
Single source11Fair Employment Practice Committee (FEPC) established by EO 8802; it began operation in 1941[105]
Verified12FEPC was created June 1941 by EO 8802[106]
Verified13FDR signed the Executive Order 8802 on June 25, 1941[106]
VerifiedCivil rights & inclusion Interpretation
FDR’s “fourteenth points” weren’t a gentle moral checklist at all, since Executive Order 8802 in June 1941 banned discrimination in the defense industry by creating the Fair Employment Practice Committee, while Executive Order 9066 signed on February 19, 1942 authorized the Secretary of War to define exclusion zones and remove “such persons” from designated areas, resulting in the incarceration of about 120,000 Japanese Americans, roughly two thirds of whom were U.S. citizens.
References
- 1archives.gov/exhibits/founding-docs/first-100-days-of-fdr
- 6archives.gov/milestone-documents/tennessee-valley-authority-act
- 10archives.gov/files/research_room/research_topics/executive_orders/EO-7034.pdf
- 17archives.gov/research/guide-fedrecord/office-of-production-management
- 18archives.gov/research/guide-fedrecord/office-of-war-mobilization-and-reconversion
- 55archives.gov/research/guide-fedrecord/national-war-labor-board
- 74archives.gov/milestone-documents/gold-reserve-act
- 75archives.gov/research/guide-fedrecord/office-of-price-administration
- 102archives.gov/files/research_room/record-collections/executive-orders/eo-8802.pdf
- 103archives.gov/milestone-documents/executive-order-9066
- 105archives.gov/exhibits/black-history/african-american-history-articles.html
- 106archives.gov/files/research/african-american/civil-rights-executive-orders/eo-8802.pdf
- 2presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/president-roosevelt-first-inaugural-address
- 3presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/national-industrial-recovery-act
- 11presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/lend-lease-bill-signing-statement
- 13presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/president-roosevelts-third-inaugural-address
- 14presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/president-roosevelts-fourth-inaugural-address
- 16presidency.ucsb.edu/statistics/presidential-elections/first-term-end
- 23presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-radio-address-the-banking-situation
- 24presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/third-fireside-chat
- 85presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/emergency-farm-mortgage-act-1933
- 87presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/bankhead-jones-farm-tenant-act
- 90presidency.ucsb.edu/statistics/elections/1932
- 91presidency.ucsb.edu/statistics/elections/1936
- 92presidency.ucsb.edu/statistics/elections/1940
- 93presidency.ucsb.edu/statistics/elections/1944
- 4britannica.com/event/National-Industrial-Recovery-Act
- 5britannica.com/topic/National-Recovery-Administration
- 15britannica.com/biography/Franklin-D-Roosevelt
- 38britannica.com/event/New-Deal/Civil-works-administration
- 39britannica.com/topic/Federal-Emergency-Relief-Administration
- 44britannica.com/topic/National-Youth-Administration
- 45britannica.com/topic/Civil-Works-Administration
- 46britannica.com/event/New-Deal
- 56britannica.com/topic/Tennessee-Valley-Authority
- 58britannica.com/topic/Public-Works-Administration
- 59britannica.com/topic/Rural-Electrification-Administration
- 84britannica.com/event/Agricultural-Adjustment-Act
- 88britannica.com/topic/Resettlement-Administration
- 94britannica.com/event/Court-packing-plan
- 7sec.gov/about/laws/sea34
- 72sec.gov/about/laws/sa33
- 73sec.gov/about/whatwedo
- 77sec.gov/about/laws/puhca
- 81sec.gov/about/what-we-do
- 8ssa.gov/history/ssaact.html
- 47ssa.gov/history/briefhistory3.html
- 48ssa.gov/history/briefhistory.html
- 9wpa.gov/about/overview
- 12congress.gov/bill/77th-congress/house-bill/1776
- 19ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=72
- 20ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=76
- 60ourdocuments.gov/doc_large_image.php?flash=false&doc=66
- 76ourdocuments.gov/doc_large_image.php?doc=81
- 83ourdocuments.gov/doc_large_image.php?flash=false&doc=63
- 21govinfo.gov/app/details/PLAW-74publ198
- 22loc.gov/exhibits/role-of-radio/influence.html
- 28loc.gov/collections/federal-theatre-project/about-this-collection/
- 29loc.gov/collections/federal-art-project/about-this-collection/
- 30loc.gov/collections/federal-music-project/about-this-collection/
- 31loc.gov/collections/federal-writers-project/about-this-collection/
- 40loc.gov/rr/program/bib/federal/fera.html
- 98loc.gov/item/2013561230/
- 25fourfreedoms.com/what-are-the-four-freedoms/
- 26americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrarsenalofdemocracy.htm
- 27ushistory.org/us/56a.asp
- 32federalreservehistory.org/essays/banking-crisis-and-the-federal-reserve
- 33federalreservehistory.org/essays/the-great-depression
- 62federalreservehistory.org/essays/federal-housing-administration
- 64federalreservehistory.org/essays/homeowners-loan-corporation
- 65federalreservehistory.org/essays/glass-steagall-and-its-consequences
- 66federalreservehistory.org/essays/the-fomc
- 67federalreservehistory.org/essays/glass-steagall
- 68federalreservehistory.org/essays/federal-deposit-insurance-corporation
- 78federalreservehistory.org/essays/gold-ownership
- 79federalreservehistory.org/essays/gold-standard-and-us-monetary-policy
- 80federalreservehistory.org/essays/gold-reserve-act
- 34fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UNRATE
- 35fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=1xgZV
- 36nps.gov/subjects/ccc/upload/ccc-quick-facts.pdf
- 37nps.gov/subjects/ccc/index.htm
- 43nps.gov/subjects/ccc/upload/ccc-fact-sheet.pdf
- 41usa.gov/history/new-deal
- 42history.com/topics/alternative-history/civilian-conservation-corps
- 49dol.gov/agencies/whd/fact-sheets/13-flsa-minimum-wage
- 53dol.gov/agencies/whd/fact-sheets/21-child-labor-under-flsa
- 54dol.gov/agencies/eta/apprenticeship/about/history/apprenticeship-act
- 50nlrb.gov/about-nlrb/what-we-do/the-laws-we-enforce/national-labor-relations-act
- 51nlrb.gov/about-nlrb/organization/what-is-nlrb
- 52nlrb.gov/about-nlrb/who-we-are
- 57tva.com/about-tva/history
- 61hud.gov/program_offices/housing/rmra/financial/fha-history
- 63hud.gov/sites/documents/MAKINGHOUSINGWORK.pdf
- 69fdic.gov/about/history/
- 70fdic.gov/about/history/history/initial-funding/
- 71fdic.gov/resources/deposit-insurance/learn/limitations/index.html
- 82fca.gov/about/history/farm-credit-act
- 86fsa.usda.gov/history
- 89fsa.usda.gov/about/history
- 95oyez.org/cases/1935/731
- 96oyez.org/cases/1934/288
- 99oyez.org/cases/1936/519
- 100oyez.org/cases/1940/768
- 101oyez.org/cases/1936/833
- 97supremecourt.gov/about/historycourtpacking.pdf
- 104encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/japanese-american-incarceration