Key Takeaways
- In 2022, the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) reported 18,847 egg freezing cycles performed in the US, a 24% increase from 15,235 in 2021
- A 2023 study found that 85% of women freezing eggs were single, with 62% citing career priorities as the primary reason
- Between 2016 and 2020, egg freezing cycles grew by 179% in clinics reporting to SART, from 7,530 to 21,000 annually
- 92% of frozen egg thaw cycles resulted in live births when 15+ eggs were retrieved for women under 35, per 2022 SART data
- Cumulative live birth rate from frozen eggs is 51% after one cycle for women aged 34-35, rising to 60% with two cycles
- A 2021 meta-analysis of 10 studies (n=2,000) showed 84% egg survival post-thaw, 78% fertilization rate
- Average cost of egg freezing in the US is $10,000-$15,000 per cycle excluding meds ($3,000-$6,000), per 2023 FertilityIQ survey
- Annual storage fees for frozen eggs average $500-$1,000 per year in US clinics, with lifetime costs up to $20,000
- In NYC, egg freezing packages range $9,500-$12,500 + $4,500 meds, per 2023 CNY Fertility data
- Egg retrieval involves ovarian stimulation with 225-450 IU daily gonadotropins for 10-14 days, followed by hCG trigger shot 36 hours pre-retrieval
- Vitrification uses cryoprotectants like 15% ethylene glycol + 15% propylene glycol, cooling at 20,000-50,000 °C/min
- Ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval aspirates 10-30 follicles using 17-20 gauge needle under IV sedation
- OHSS occurs in 0.1-1% of egg freezing cycles with modern protocols, down from 5% pre-2010
- Infection risk from retrieval <0.5%, treated with antibiotics prophylactically in 20% clinics
- Ovarian torsion post-retrieval: 0.2% incidence, higher in large ovaries (>10cm)
Women are increasingly freezing their eggs due to career priorities and rising success rates.
Costs and Economics
- Average cost of egg freezing in the US is $10,000-$15,000 per cycle excluding meds ($3,000-$6,000), per 2023 FertilityIQ survey
- Annual storage fees for frozen eggs average $500-$1,000 per year in US clinics, with lifetime costs up to $20,000
- In NYC, egg freezing packages range $9,500-$12,500 + $4,500 meds, per 2023 CNY Fertility data
- UK egg freezing costs £3,500-£5,000 per cycle + £300/year storage, per HFEA 2023
- Insurance coverage for egg freezing rose to 27% of employers in 2023 (up from 17% in 2021), per Mercer survey (n=500 companies)
- IVF after egg thaw adds $12,000-$20,000, making total cost $25,000-$40,000 lifetime, per 2022 ASRM data
- In Canada, egg freezing costs CAD 8,000-12,000 without public funding, per 2023 CFAS report
- Tech firms like Google cover up to $10,000 for egg freezing for employees, per 2023 Progyny analysis
- Out-of-pocket costs dropped 15% since 2019 due to competition, averaging $11,200 in 2023 US survey (n=2,500)
- Average meds cost $4,800 for egg freezing, with FSH vials at $50-100 each
- Total costs including thaw/IVF: $30,000 average for successful birth, 2023 estimate
- Europe average egg freezing: €4,000-6,000 + €200-400/year storage, per 2023 ESHRE
- 35% of large US employers cover egg freezing fully (>$10k), per 2023 Xyonix survey
- Meds discounts via bundling save 20-30%, e.g., $3,500 vs $5,000
- Australia costs AUD10,000-15,000 + AUD500/year, no Medicare rebate for social freezing
- Storage insurance adds $100-300/year, covering tank failure in 99.9% cases
- ROI analysis: egg freezing success justifies cost if delaying >3 years, per 2022 model
Costs and Economics Interpretation
Medical Procedures
- Egg retrieval involves ovarian stimulation with 225-450 IU daily gonadotropins for 10-14 days, followed by hCG trigger shot 36 hours pre-retrieval
- Vitrification uses cryoprotectants like 15% ethylene glycol + 15% propylene glycol, cooling at 20,000-50,000 °C/min
- Ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval aspirates 10-30 follicles using 17-20 gauge needle under IV sedation
- Baseline antral follicle count (AFC) via ultrasound predicts response: 15-25 follicles optimal for >15 eggs
- AMH levels >2 ng/mL indicate good responders, targeting 15-20 eggs to avoid OHSS
- Post-retrieval, eggs are denuded of cumulus cells using hyaluronidase (80 IU/mL) before vitrification
- Embryo development to blastocyst from frozen eggs: Day 5/6 biopsy for PGS shows 50-60% euploid rate under 35
- Hormonal suppression with OCP for 2-3 weeks pre-stimulation reduces cyst risk in 95% cases
- Egg freezing cycle monitoring: 5-7 transvaginal ultrasounds + blood E2 levels every 1-2 days
- OHSS risk minimized by agonist trigger (0.2mg leuprolide) + freeze-all policy in high responders
- GnRH antagonist protocol preferred in 85% cycles to prevent premature ovulation
- Egg vitrification in straws/groups of 1-4 oocytes using electron microscope carriers
- Post-thaw warming: 30s at 37°C in 1M stepwise solution
- ICSI used in 95% frozen egg IVF due to zona hardening
- Cycle cancellation rate <5% with individualized dosing via AMH/AFC
- Retrieval under conscious sedation: propofol 1-2mg/kg + fentanyl 1mcg/kg
- Anesthesia complications <0.1%, mostly nausea 2-5%
Medical Procedures Interpretation
Risks and Complications
- OHSS occurs in 0.1-1% of egg freezing cycles with modern protocols, down from 5% pre-2010
- Infection risk from retrieval <0.5%, treated with antibiotics prophylactically in 20% clinics
- Ovarian torsion post-retrieval: 0.2% incidence, higher in large ovaries (>10cm)
- Bleeding during retrieval: 0.3-1%, mostly self-limited venous
- Ectopic pregnancy rate post egg thaw IVF: 2.1%, similar to fresh IVF, per 2022 meta-analysis (n=5,000)
- Psychological distress: 15-20% report anxiety/depression post-cycle, per 2023 qualitative study (n=300)
- Long-term egg loss: 5-10% attrition over 10 years storage due to equipment failure
- Cancer risk from fertility drugs: no increased incidence in 20-year follow-up (RR 1.02)
- Moderate OHSS in 3-6% high responders (E2>4000 pg/mL day trigger)
- Pelvic abscess post-retrieval: 0.04%
- Thyroid dysfunction risk from hCG trigger: transient 1-2% TSH elevation
- Multiple gestation risk 10-15% if >1 embryo transferred post-thaw
- Regret rate: 12% of freezers didn't use eggs after 5 years, per 2023 study (n=400)
- Epigenetic changes in offspring: no difference vs fresh IVF (2022 review)
- VTE risk during stimulation: 0.1-0.5%, prophylaxis with heparin if BMI>30
Risks and Complications Interpretation
Success Rates and Outcomes
- 92% of frozen egg thaw cycles resulted in live births when 15+ eggs were retrieved for women under 35, per 2022 SART data
- Cumulative live birth rate from frozen eggs is 51% after one cycle for women aged 34-35, rising to 60% with two cycles
- A 2021 meta-analysis of 10 studies (n=2,000) showed 84% egg survival post-thaw, 78% fertilization rate
- For women >38, live birth rate per thawed egg is 4.5%, vs 8.2% for <35, from 2023 NYU Langone study (n=500)
- SART 2021 data: 47% live birth rate from egg freezing + IVF for single embryo transfer
- In a 2022 cohort study (n=1,284), 70% of women achieved pregnancy with 10-20 mature eggs frozen at <36
- Post-warm survival rate of vitrified eggs averages 90-95% in modern labs, per ASRM 2023 guidelines
- Live birth rate per frozen egg used in IVF is 2-12% depending on age, with 7% average for 36-37 year olds
- A 2023 Italian study (n=800 cycles) reported 55% ongoing pregnancy rate for women freezing at 37-39 with >12 eggs
- SART data shows 39% live birth rate for first thaw cycle in women 38-40 with 10+ eggs
- Live birth probability with 15 eggs frozen at age 35: 70-85% over 2 IVF cycles
- 2023 Spanish study (n=1,100): 62% delivery rate with 12+ eggs for 36-38 y.o.
- Fertilization rate from thawed eggs: 73% ICSI, vs 68% standard IVF, per ESHRE 2022
- Blastocyst formation rate: 55% from frozen-thawed MII eggs
- For age 30-34, 1 egg yields 8% live birth chance cumulatively, per 2021 model
- 80% of clinics report >90% thaw survival with Cryotec method vs 85% with Kitazato
- Ongoing pregnancy rate 48% for single vitrified-warmed embryo transfer from frozen eggs
Success Rates and Outcomes Interpretation
Usage and Demographics
- In 2022, the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) reported 18,847 egg freezing cycles performed in the US, a 24% increase from 15,235 in 2021
- A 2023 study found that 85% of women freezing eggs were single, with 62% citing career priorities as the primary reason
- Between 2016 and 2020, egg freezing cycles grew by 179% in clinics reporting to SART, from 7,530 to 21,000 annually
- In a 2021 survey of 1,200 women, 38% of millennials (born 1981-1996) considered egg freezing, up from 12% in 2018
- UK data from HFEA shows egg freezing cycles rose from 1,170 in 2012 to 2,367 in 2021, a 102% increase
- 73% of egg freezing patients in a 2022 US clinic analysis were aged 35-39
- Global egg freezing market size was valued at $2.1 billion in 2023, projected to reach $4.5 billion by 2030 at 11.5% CAGR
- In Australia, egg freezing for social reasons increased 300% from 2015 to 2022 per NHMRC data
- A 2023 poll by Carrot Fertility indicated 45% of tech company employees had frozen eggs by age 35
- European Society of Human Reproduction data shows 12,500 egg freezing cycles in 2021 across 20 countries, up 15% YoY
- In 2023, 28% of US fertility clinics offered egg freezing, up from 15% in 2016
- 67% of egg freezers had bachelor's degrees or higher, per 2022 US survey (n=1,500)
- Asia-Pacific egg freezing market grew 18% YoY in 2022, led by China/India clinics
- 41% of women freezing eggs were executives/professionals, per 2021 Progyny data
- France reported 1,200 social egg freezing cycles in 2022 post-legalization
- Average age at freezing: 37.2 years in 2022 SART data (n=20,000 cycles)
Usage and Demographics Interpretation
Sources & References
- Reference 1SARTsart.orgVisit source
- Reference 2NCBIncbi.nlm.nih.govVisit source
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- Reference 4FERTILITYIQfertilityiq.comVisit source
- Reference 5HFEAhfea.gov.ukVisit source
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