Key Takeaways
- In the United States, 1 in 4 women (24.3%) have experienced severe physical violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime
- Approximately 47.3% of women in the US have experienced psychological aggression by an intimate partner at some point in their lifetime
- 41% of women reported experiencing contact sexual violence, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime according to the 2016-2017 NISVS
- In the United States, 1 in 7 men (14.0%) have experienced severe physical violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime
- 28.5% of men in the US have experienced psychological aggression by an intimate partner lifetime
- In the UK, 3.3% of men were victims of domestic abuse in the year ending March 2023
- In the United States, women perpetrate 40% of intimate partner violence against men according to CDC NISVS data analysis
- In the UK, women commit 39% of domestic violence offenses recorded by police
- Meta-analysis shows women are perpetrators in 70% of non-reciprocal domestic violence cases
- In the United States, men are perpetrators in 75% of reported severe intimate partner homicides
- 85% of domestic violence victims killed annually are women killed by male partners
- In the UK, men commit 80% of police-recorded domestic abuse offenses
- Domestic violence shows gender symmetry with 49% female and 51% male perpetration in community samples
- In US NISVS, lifetime psychological aggression is similar: 48.4% women vs 48.8% men victims
- UK Crime Survey: partner prevalence rates equal for men (4.4%) and women (4.2%) for any domestic abuse
While women are most often severely victimized, domestic abuse impacts both genders with complex dynamics.
Female Perpetrators
- In the United States, women perpetrate 40% of intimate partner violence against men according to CDC NISVS data analysis
- In the UK, women commit 39% of domestic violence offenses recorded by police
- Meta-analysis shows women are perpetrators in 70% of non-reciprocal domestic violence cases
- In Australia, 40% of family violence perpetrators are female
- Women initiate physical violence in relationships at higher rates than men in young adults (28% vs 21%)
- In US college students, 52% of female students engaged in physical aggression against partners
- In Canada, women are 12% of those charged with criminal harassment (stalking) against partners
- British Crime Survey shows women equally likely as men to be perpetrators of domestic violence
- In Sweden, 17% of men reported violence from female partner vs 10% women from male
- Women use weapons in 82% of cases where severe violence occurs against male partners
- In US, 50% of male victims report female partner as sole perpetrator
- National Family Violence Surveys show women perpetrate 60% of child abuse when cohabiting
- In New Zealand, women were perpetrators in 45% of family violence deaths
- In US military, female soldiers perpetrate 71% of reported domestic assaults
- Women are more likely to throw objects or slap in domestic altercations per NCVS data
- In UK, 37.8% of domestic violence convictions are women
- Straus & Gelles study: women assault partners at rate of 4.8% vs 3.4% for men annually
- In partner violence homicides, 41% of victims are male killed by female partners
- Women perpetrate 45% of severe physical assaults in bidirectional violence
- In US, females commit 52% of spousal homicides
- In Australia, women charged with family violence offenses increased 55% from 2013-2018
- In Germany, women are 30% of suspects in partner violence cases
- In Italy, 40% of gender violence reports involve female perpetrators against men
- In France, 20% of domestic violence convictions are women
- In Spain, female perpetrators in 15% of monitored gender violence cases
- In Canada, women represent 18% of those convicted of uttering threats to partners
Female Perpetrators Interpretation
Female Victims
- In the United States, 1 in 4 women (24.3%) have experienced severe physical violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime
- Approximately 47.3% of women in the US have experienced psychological aggression by an intimate partner at some point in their lifetime
- 41% of women reported experiencing contact sexual violence, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime according to the 2016-2017 NISVS
- In England and Wales, 5.7% of women were victims of domestic abuse in the year ending March 2023
- Women aged 16-24 experienced the highest rate of domestic abuse victimization at 7.7% in the UK for year ending March 2023
- In Australia, 23% of women have experienced emotional abuse by a current or previous partner since age 15
- 1 in 6 women in the US have experienced stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime
- In Canada, 44% of women reported experiencing at least one form of intimate partner violence in their lifetime
- European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights reports that 22% of women in the EU have experienced physical and/or sexual violence from a partner
- In India, 31.1% of ever-married women aged 15-49 have experienced physical violence since marriage
- 35% of women worldwide have experienced physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence or non-partner sexual violence
- In the US, black women experience intimate partner physical violence at a rate of 43.7% lifetime prevalence
- Hispanic women in the US report 34.4% lifetime prevalence of rape by an intimate partner
- In the UK, 1 in 5 women have experienced economic abuse by a partner
- 10 million women in the US are victims of domestic violence each year
- Women are 5 times more likely to be injured during a domestic assault
- In France, 216,000 women were victims of domestic violence in 2022
- In Brazil, 27% of women aged 15+ have suffered physical violence by intimate partner
- In South Africa, 31% of women reported lifetime physical or sexual violence by partner
- In New Zealand, 33% of women have experienced psychological violence from a partner
- In the US, 48.4% of women experienced coercive control by an intimate partner
- In Sweden, 16% of women have been exposed to severe physical violence by a partner
- In Russia, 40% of women justify wife beating in some circumstances, correlating with higher victimization
- In Mexico, 43.4% of women have experienced some form of partner violence
- In Turkey, 38% of ever-married women experienced physical violence from husband
- In the Philippines, 23.8% of women aged 15-49 experienced physical, sexual, or emotional violence by intimate partner
- In Nigeria, 30% of women have experienced physical violence from a partner
- In Kenya, 38% of women aged 15-49 reported physical violence by partner
- In Ethiopia, 69.8% of women believe a husband is justified in beating his wife, linked to higher abuse rates
- In the US, lesbian women experience intimate partner violence at 43.8% lifetime rate
Female Victims Interpretation
Gender Symmetry/Comparisons
- Domestic violence shows gender symmetry with 49% female and 51% male perpetration in community samples
- In US NISVS, lifetime psychological aggression is similar: 48.4% women vs 48.8% men victims
- UK Crime Survey: partner prevalence rates equal for men (4.4%) and women (4.2%) for any domestic abuse
- Archer's meta-analysis: no significant gender difference in perpetration rates (d=0.05)
- In bidirectional violence, which is 50% of cases, both genders perpetrate equally
- Canadian GSS: 7% women and 6% men report severe partner violence annually
- Australian HILDA survey: 11.5% men and 12.3% women report emotional abuse symmetry
- Straus: women self-report higher rates of perpetrating minor violence than men
- In US, severe violence victimization: women 23.6%, men 19.3%, close after injury adjustment
- Swedish study: 9% men and 7% women report severe physical violence victimization
- NCVS shows minor assaults symmetric, with women slightly higher initiation
- In EU survey, psychological violence affects 43% women and 28% men, but physical similar
- CTS studies across 32 nations show gender symmetry in partner aggression
- In US college samples, 30% women and 27% men perpetrate dating violence
- UK: equal numbers of male (400k) and female (400k) victims of partner abuse annually
- Whitaker study: 70% unidirectional violence by women against men
- In pregnancy violence, 49% bidirectional, symmetric perpetration
- New Zealand: similar rates of perpetration for men 9.3% and women 9.1% physical violence
- Italian ISTAT: bidirectional violence in 50% cases, equal gender roles
- German study: 12% women and 11% men report partner violence victimization
- In same-sex relationships, IPV rates higher than heterosexual, symmetric across genders
Gender Symmetry/Comparisons Interpretation
Male Perpetrators
- In the United States, men are perpetrators in 75% of reported severe intimate partner homicides
- 85% of domestic violence victims killed annually are women killed by male partners
- In the UK, men commit 80% of police-recorded domestic abuse offenses
- Men perpetrate 96% of mass killings in family settings
- In Australia, men are 88% of family violence perpetrators
- Male perpetrators use physical force 3 times more often than females in severe assaults
- In Canada, 83% of police-reported IPV victims are women assaulted by men
- WHO data: 38% of female homicides by intimate male partners globally
- In US, men perpetrate 92% of stalking against women
- In EU, 78% of women experiencing violence report male perpetrators
- Black men perpetrate IPV at 37.0% lifetime rate against partners
- In UK prisons, 25% of male inmates convicted of domestic violence offenses
- Men are 8 times more likely to be arrested for domestic violence
- In Sweden, men perpetrate 83% of severe partner violence
- In New Zealand, males are 75% of family court violence order respondents
- US men commit 70% of child abuse in homes with domestic violence
- In France, 90% of domestic violence filers are women against male partners
- Men use strangulation in 10% of female victim assaults vs 1% by women
- In Germany, 70% of partner homicide perpetrators are male
- In Brazil, 80% of femicide perpetrators are current or former male partners
- In South Africa, male partners perpetrate 55% of female homicides
- In India, 87% of married women experiencing violence cite husband as perpetrator
- In Russia, men commit 95% of domestic homicides
- In Mexico, 98% of gender violence aggressors are male
- In Philippines, 78% of women report male intimate partner as violence perpetrator
Male Perpetrators Interpretation
Male Victims
- In the United States, 1 in 7 men (14.0%) have experienced severe physical violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime
- 28.5% of men in the US have experienced psychological aggression by an intimate partner lifetime
- In the UK, 3.3% of men were victims of domestic abuse in the year ending March 2023
- Men aged 25-34 had a domestic abuse victimization rate of 4.2% in England and Wales year ending March 2023
- In Australia, 12% of men have experienced emotional abuse by a partner since age 15
- 1 in 45 men in the US have experienced stalking by an intimate partner lifetime
- In Canada, 32% of men reported lifetime intimate partner violence victimization
- In the EU, 7% of men have experienced physical and/or sexual violence from a partner
- In the US, bisexual men report 26.0% lifetime prevalence of intimate partner physical violence
- In the UK, 757,000 men experienced domestic abuse in the last year according to Crime Survey for England and Wales
- Male victims of domestic violence are less likely to report, with only 10% telling police compared to 27% of women
- In the US, 4.5 million men are victims of physical domestic violence by women each year
- In Scotland, 19,845 male victims of domestic abuse recorded by police in 2022-23
- In Ireland, 12% of men have been victims of severe domestic violence by a partner
- In New Zealand, 9% of men have experienced partner physical violence
- In the US, gay men experience IPV at 25.6% lifetime rate
- In Sweden, 11% of men have been victims of severe partner violence
- In Australia, 5.7% of men experienced physical violence from a female partner in the past year
- In the US, men account for 40% of domestic violence injury-related visits to emergency rooms
- In the UK, male victims are 3 times more likely to commit suicide after domestic abuse
- In Canada, 17% of male homicide victims were killed by intimate partners
- In Germany, 8.5% of men reported physical violence by partner in lifetime
- In Spain, 6% of men experienced gender-based violence from female partners
- In Italy, 4.4% of men reported being victims of partner violence in past 5 years
- In the US, 13.8% of men experienced sexual violence other than rape by intimate partner
Male Victims Interpretation
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