Center-based child care prices rose 4.6% in 2022 as household budgets tightened. In the same period, 31% of households with children under 5 reported child care costs as very difficult to afford. Even where demand keeps climbing, access depends on state waiting lists, licensing staff-to-child ratios, and teacher credential requirements.
Key Takeaways
- In 2022, 20 states reported waiting lists for CCDF-funded care exceeding 100,000 children (HHS/ACF waiting list reporting)
- $1.0 billion of ARPA funding flowed to child care stabilization grants in the U.S. in 2021 (CCDBG ARPA stabilization)
- 2021 median cost of child care rose 6.1% year-over-year for center-based care (BLS CPI-U childcare services subindex)
- 31% of households with children under age 5 reported child care costs as 'very difficult' to afford (national affordability finding, Consumer Expenditure Survey-based analysis)
- 2.1% of employment in the U.S. corresponds to Child Care Workers occupation (BLS employment share derived from OES counts)
- 24 states had minimum staff-to-child ratios of 1:10 or higher for certain age groups under 2022 licensing rules (NCSL baseline summary of state child care licensing requirements)
- Head Start served 781,000 children in FY 2023 (HHS/ACF Head Start Program Fact Sheet)
- Early Head Start served 197,000 children in FY 2023 (HHS/ACF Early Head Start fact sheet)
- 52% of preschool teachers report holding at least an associate degree (NCES/Teacher Follow-up Survey-based early childhood educator credential statistic)
- 13% of child care centers were rated as 'below quality' on Environment Rating Scales in one U.S. study sample (peer-reviewed evaluation using ECERS/ITERS)
- Higher staff education is associated with better learning environments; each additional year of teacher education improves classroom quality scores (meta-analytic finding)
Child care demand outpaces supply and affordability, driving higher costs, turnover, and quality gaps.
Related reading
01 · Category
Industry Trends5 stats
01
In 2022, 20 states reported waiting lists for CCDF-funded care exceeding 100,000 children (HHS/ACF waiting list reporting)
02
$1.0 billion of ARPA funding flowed to child care stabilization grants in the U.S. in 2021 (CCDBG ARPA stabilization)
03
2021 median cost of child care rose 6.1% year-over-year for center-based care (BLS CPI-U childcare services subindex)
04
In 2020, 52% of child care providers reported their financial status as 'worse' since the start of the pandemic (National Academies study/survey)
05
The CPI for child care services increased by 4.6% in 2022 (BLS CPI category data)
Interpretation
Industry Trends Interpretation
In 2022, 20 states reported CCDF-funded child care waiting lists exceeding 100,000 children, underscoring that despite federal stabilization support like the $1.0 billion ARPA child care grants in 2021, demand still outpaces capacity while costs keep rising, with center-based care up 6.1% in 2021 and CPI child care services up 4.6% in 2022.
02 · Category
Cost Analysis2 stats
01
31% of households with children under age 5 reported child care costs as 'very difficult' to afford (national affordability finding, Consumer Expenditure Survey-based analysis)
02
2.1% of employment in the U.S. corresponds to Child Care Workers occupation (BLS employment share derived from OES counts)
Interpretation
Cost Analysis Interpretation
Cost analysis shows that 31% of households with children under age 5 say child care costs are very difficult to afford, while child care workers make up only 2.1% of U.S. employment, underscoring how limited labor capacity can coincide with affordability pressure.
More related reading
03 · Category
Service Access7 stats
01
24 states had minimum staff-to-child ratios of 1:10 or higher for certain age groups under 2022 licensing rules (NCSL baseline summary of state child care licensing requirements)
02
Head Start served 781,000 children in FY 2023 (HHS/ACF Head Start Program Fact Sheet)
03
Early Head Start served 197,000 children in FY 2023 (HHS/ACF Early Head Start fact sheet)
04
Federal Head Start funding provided $10.9 billion in FY 2023 (ACF budget/fact sheet)
05
CCDF mandatory and matching funds served about 2.3 million children in FY 2021 (ACF CCDF annual report)
06
The Child Care Development Block Grant (CCDBG) averaged $5.0 billion in annual federal funding over 2018–2022 (ACF OCC budget history)
07
In 2021, 12% of children with working parents lacked access to regular child care (study using NHES/NACCRRA-style access measure)
Interpretation
Service Access Interpretation
Under the Service Access lens, federal support is reaching millions of families, with Head Start and Early Head Start together serving 978,000 children in FY 2023 and CCDF serving about 2.3 million children in FY 2021, while 24 states still set minimum staff-to-child ratios of 1:10 or higher in at least some age groups under 2022 licensing rules.
04 · Category
Staffing & Quality9 stats
01
52% of preschool teachers report holding at least an associate degree (NCES/Teacher Follow-up Survey-based early childhood educator credential statistic)
02
13% of child care centers were rated as 'below quality' on Environment Rating Scales in one U.S. study sample (peer-reviewed evaluation using ECERS/ITERS)
03
Higher staff education is associated with better learning environments; each additional year of teacher education improves classroom quality scores (meta-analytic finding)
04
Teachers with bachelor’s degrees were observed to have 1.7x higher likelihood of using language-rich activities (CLASS observation study)
05
Teachers in child care centers have mean turnover of about 30% annually in U.S. studies (peer-reviewed turnover meta findings)
06
Worker wage growth lags inflation; real wages for child care workers declined by ~2% between 2010 and 2020 (OECD/ILO wage trend analysis for childcare workers)
07
QRIS participation is associated with improvements in quality indicators; a study found a 0.35 SD increase in observed CLASS scores in QRIS-participating programs (peer-reviewed evaluation)
08
Early childhood educators using coaching improved instructional practices by 18 percentage points in randomized trials (peer-reviewed implementation science study)
09
Center-based programs with lower teacher-child ratios showed 0.28 SD better child outcomes in cognitive measures (systematic review meta-analysis)
Interpretation
Staffing & Quality Interpretation
In the staffing and quality landscape, higher education and better pay appear closely tied to care quality, with 52% of preschool teachers holding at least an associate degree and studies linking each additional year of teacher education to improved learning environments, while at the same time real child care worker wages fell about 2% from 2010 to 2020 and centers saw roughly 30% annual turnover, which can undermine consistent, high-quality staffing.
report visual · Comparison
Childcare supply, access, and quality: key indicators
Waiting lists remain very large in many states, while affordability and access constraints persist and quality concerns are reported in a subset of centers.
In 2022, 20 states reported waiting lists for CCDF-funded care exceeding 100,000 children (HHS/ACF waiting list reportin100,000
31% of households with children under age 5 reported child care costs as 'very difficult' to afford (national affordabil
31%
13% of child care centers were rated as 'below quality' on Environment Rating Scales in one U.S. study sample (peer-revi
13%
In 2021, 12% of children with working parents lacked access to regular child care (study using NHES/NACCRRA-style access
12%
source-verifiedacf.hhs.gov · urban.org · journals.sagepub.com2022
Reference
Cite This Report
This report is designed to be cited. We maintain stable URLs and versioned verification dates. Copy the format appropriate for your publication below.
APA
Nathan Caldwell. (2026, February 13). Daycare Industry Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/daycare-industry-statistics
MLA
Nathan Caldwell. "Daycare Industry Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/daycare-industry-statistics.
Chicago
Nathan Caldwell. 2026. "Daycare Industry Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/daycare-industry-statistics.
Sources & references
23 datasets cited across this report · attribution is report-level
+10 additional datasets cited (not shown individually)