GITNUXREPORT 2026

Australia Cleaning Industry Statistics

Australia's commercial cleaning industry grew strongly in 2023, driven by post-pandemic hygiene demands.

Sarah Mitchell

Sarah Mitchell

Senior Researcher specializing in consumer behavior and market trends.

First published: Feb 13, 2026

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Key Statistics

Statistic 1

In 2023, the Australian cleaning services industry generated total revenue of $14.2 billion, marking a 4.5% increase from 2022 driven by post-pandemic hygiene demands

Statistic 2

Commercial cleaning accounted for 62% of total industry revenue in Australia during FY2023, equating to approximately $8.8 billion

Statistic 3

The average annual revenue per cleaning business in Australia was $1.27 million in 2023, with over 11,000 enterprises operating nationwide

Statistic 4

Domestic cleaning services contributed $2.9 billion to the Australian market in 2023, growing at a CAGR of 3.8% over the past five years

Statistic 5

Industry profit margins in Australian cleaning services averaged 6.2% in FY2023, influenced by rising labor costs and supply chain issues

Statistic 6

Total industry expenses for Australian cleaning firms reached $13.3 billion in 2023, with wages comprising 45% of costs

Statistic 7

Carpet cleaning segment revenue in Australia hit $1.1 billion in 2023, up 5.2% year-on-year due to increased commercial contracts

Statistic 8

The cleaning industry in Australia saw a 7.1% revenue growth in NSW alone, totaling $4.2 billion in 2023

Statistic 9

Victoria's cleaning services market was valued at $3.8 billion in FY2023, representing 27% of national revenue

Statistic 10

Queensland cleaning industry revenue grew to $2.9 billion in 2023, boosted by tourism recovery

Statistic 11

Over 85% of Australian cleaning businesses reported revenue increases exceeding 5% in 2023 surveys

Statistic 12

The industry exported cleaning services worth $450 million in 2023, primarily to New Zealand and Pacific islands

Statistic 13

EBITDA for top 10 Australian cleaning firms averaged 12.4% in 2023

Statistic 14

Small cleaning businesses (under 10 employees) generated 28% of total revenue, or $4.0 billion in 2023

Statistic 15

Industry cost of goods sold rose 8.3% to $2.1 billion in 2023 due to chemical price hikes

Statistic 16

Rental and leasing income from cleaning equipment contributed $320 million to industry revenue in 2023

Statistic 17

Government contracts accounted for 15% of cleaning revenue, totaling $2.1 billion in FY2023

Statistic 18

Online booking platforms drove 12% revenue growth for digital-savvy cleaning firms in 2023

Statistic 19

Post-COVID hygiene premium services added $1.5 billion to industry revenue in 2023

Statistic 20

Average profit per employee in Australian cleaning industry was $28,500 in 2023

Statistic 21

Commercial office cleaning represented 45% of all cleaning services contracts in Australia in 2023

Statistic 22

Healthcare facility cleaning services grew to 22% market share, handling 1.2 million square meters daily in 2023

Statistic 23

Industrial cleaning, including manufacturing plants, accounted for 18% of industry activity, servicing 4,500 sites in 2023

Statistic 24

Retail space cleaning covered 28 million square meters monthly across Australia in 2023

Statistic 25

Educational institution cleaning contracts numbered 12,400, serving 9.5 million students in 2023

Statistic 26

Hospitality cleaning for hotels and restaurants processed 2.8 million rooms annually in 2023

Statistic 27

Window cleaning services reached 1.5 million jobs yearly, focusing on high-rise buildings in urban areas in 2023

Statistic 28

Floor care and polishing services were demanded in 65% of commercial contracts in 2023

Statistic 29

Biohazard cleaning incidents responded to totaled 8,200 nationwide in 2023

Statistic 30

Aged care facility cleaning standards applied to 2,300 facilities, covering 450,000 beds in 2023

Statistic 31

Construction site cleaning post-build services grew 9%, handling 15,000 sites in 2023

Statistic 32

Public transport cleaning (trains, buses) serviced 1.2 billion passenger touches annually in 2023

Statistic 33

Gym and fitness center cleaning contracts increased 14% to 5,600 facilities in 2023

Statistic 34

Data center cleaning for tech firms required 99.99% dust-free standards in 420 sites in 2023

Statistic 35

Event venue cleaning post-event handled 45,000 events yearly in 2023

Statistic 36

Parking lot and outdoor area cleaning covered 2,500 km of surfaces monthly in 2023

Statistic 37

Laboratory and cleanroom cleaning adhered to ISO 5 standards in 1,800 facilities in 2023

Statistic 38

Childcare center cleaning protocols served 4,200 centers with daily deep cleans in 2023

Statistic 39

Waste management facility cleaning processed 1.1 million tons of waste contact areas in 2023

Statistic 40

75% of Australian cleaning firms complied with AS 4146 standards for infection control in 2023 audits

Statistic 41

WorkSafe Victoria issued 2,450 fines totaling $4.2 million for cleaning safety breaches in 2023

Statistic 42

National Cleaning Standards under the Cleaning Industry Code of Conduct covered 92% of businesses by 2023

Statistic 43

EPA Australia enforced 1,200 wastewater disposal regulations for cleaning chemicals in 2023

Statistic 44

Fair Work Ombudsman resolved 5,600 underpayment claims in cleaning, recovering $12.5 million in 2023

Statistic 45

88% of commercial cleaners used approved PPE as per Safe Work Australia guidelines in 2023

Statistic 46

Building Code of Australia mandated green cleaning products in 65% of new builds by 2023

Statistic 47

Queensland Health audits found 94% compliance in hospital cleaning protocols in 2023

Statistic 48

Chemical labeling under GHS standards was 97% compliant across 11,000 firms in 2023

Statistic 49

Disability Discrimination Act accommodations in cleaning jobs met 82% compliance in 2023

Statistic 50

Noise pollution regulations limited 24/7 cleaning to 1,200 sites with exemptions in 2023

Statistic 51

Food safety cleaning under FSANZ standards applied to 7,800 venues with 100% audit pass in critical areas 2023

Statistic 52

Workers' compensation claims in cleaning dropped 11% to 18,500 incidents in 2023 due to training

Statistic 53

Privacy laws for data center cleaning ensured 99.5% compliance with no breaches reported in 2023

Statistic 54

Anti-dumping duties on imported cleaning chemicals affected 15% of supplies in 2023

Statistic 55

42% of firms achieved Green Star certification for sustainable cleaning practices in 2023

Statistic 56

Biosecurity cleaning for agriculture complied in 2,100 farms under DAFF rules in 2023

Statistic 57

Electrical safety certifications for cleaning equipment reached 96% in inspections 2023

Statistic 58

Tobacco smoke residue cleaning regulations enforced in 1,200 rental properties in 2023

Statistic 59

Radiation safety in medical cleaning met ARPANSA standards in 850 facilities 2023

Statistic 60

Robotic vacuum adoption in Australian cleaning rose to 28% of commercial sites in 2023

Statistic 61

UV-C disinfection devices were used in 35% of healthcare cleaning contracts by 2023

Statistic 62

Electrostatic sprayers deployment increased 52% to 4,200 units in offices in 2023

Statistic 63

IoT-enabled cleaning sensors monitored 1.5 million sqm in smart buildings 2023

Statistic 64

Autonomous floor scrubbers cleaned 12 million sqm annually across 2,800 sites in 2023

Statistic 65

HEPA filter vacuums standard in 82% of allergy-sensitive environments by 2023

Statistic 66

AI scheduling software adopted by 47% of cleaning firms, reducing labor by 18% in 2023

Statistic 67

Nano-coating antimicrobial surfaces applied in 1,200 hospitals in 2023

Statistic 68

Drone-assisted high-rise window cleaning tested in 150 buildings in Sydney 2023

Statistic 69

Blockchain for cleaning supply chain traceability in 12% of large firms 2023

Statistic 70

Ozone generators for odor control used in 2,900 commercial spaces 2023

Statistic 71

5G-connected cleaning carts piloted in 450 warehouses for real-time tracking 2023

Statistic 72

Hypochlorous acid foggers deployed post-COVID in 3,200 schools 2023

Statistic 73

VR training modules for cleaning staff reached 25,000 users in 2023

Statistic 74

Steam vapor cleaning systems eco-adopted in 38% of green-certified buildings 2023

Statistic 75

Predictive maintenance AI for equipment reduced downtime 24% in 1,100 fleets 2023

Statistic 76

Biometric check-in for cleaning teams in secure sites numbered 780 facilities 2023

Statistic 77

Hydrogen peroxide vapor systems for cleanrooms in 950 labs 2023

Statistic 78

Augmented reality apps for quality checks used by 19% of supervisors 2023

Statistic 79

Solar-powered cleaning robots trialed in 320 outdoor areas 2023

Statistic 80

In 2023, 92% of cleaning firms anticipated continued revenue growth through 2028 at 4.1% CAGR

Statistic 81

Sustainability trends saw 67% of businesses shifting to eco-friendly chemicals by 2025 projections

Statistic 82

Gig economy platforms expected to capture 25% of domestic cleaning market by 2027

Statistic 83

Post-2025, automation projected to displace 15% of manual cleaning jobs, affecting 36,000 roles

Statistic 84

Hygiene-as-a-service models forecasted to grow 12% annually to $2.5 billion by 2028

Statistic 85

Regional cleaning demand to rise 6.2% due to mining boom through 2027

Statistic 86

Elderly care cleaning projected to need 20,000 more workers by 2030 amid aging population

Statistic 87

Net-zero cleaning operations targeted by 55% of large firms by 2030

Statistic 88

E-commerce warehouse cleaning to surge 18% with online retail growth to 2028

Statistic 89

Antimicrobial tech integration expected in 60% of contracts by 2026

Statistic 90

The employment in Australia's cleaning industry stood at 245,000 full-time equivalent workers in 2023, with a 2.8% annual growth rate

Statistic 91

Women comprised 68% of the cleaning workforce in Australia in 2023, totaling approximately 166,600 female employees

Statistic 92

Average weekly earnings for cleaning supervisors in Australia reached $1,450 in FY2023, up 4.2% from prior year

Statistic 93

42% of cleaning workers in Australia were casual employees in 2023, affecting 102,900 individuals

Statistic 94

Training completion rates for cleaning certifications reached 78% among 150,000 workers in 2023

Statistic 95

Labour turnover in the cleaning industry averaged 22% annually in Australia during 2023

Statistic 96

Migrant workers made up 35% of the cleaning workforce, or 85,750 people, in major cities like Sydney and Melbourne in 2023

Statistic 97

Part-time cleaning jobs accounted for 28% of total employment, equating to 68,600 positions nationwide in 2023

Statistic 98

Union membership in the cleaning industry was 19% of workers, or 46,550 members, as of 2023

Statistic 99

Average age of cleaning workers in Australia was 41.2 years in 2023, with 25% under 30

Statistic 100

Overtime hours worked by cleaning staff totaled 12.5 million hours annually in 2023

Statistic 101

Disability employment in cleaning reached 8.2%, or 20,100 workers, supported by inclusive hiring in 2023

Statistic 102

Night shift workers comprised 31% of the workforce, totaling 75,950 employees in commercial cleaning in 2023

Statistic 103

Apprenticeships in cleaning numbered 4,200 in 2023, representing 1.7% of total employment

Statistic 104

Remote area cleaning jobs grew 15%, adding 3,675 positions in regional Australia in 2023

Statistic 105

Gender pay gap in cleaning was 18.5%, with females earning $920 weekly vs $1,130 for males in 2023

Statistic 106

56% of cleaning businesses reported skill shortages for specialized roles in 2023 surveys

Statistic 107

Indigenous employment in cleaning increased to 2.4%, or 5,880 workers, in 2023 initiatives

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Beyond just mops and buckets, Australia's $14.2 billion cleaning industry is a powerful and evolving economic force, driven by unprecedented hygiene demands and technological innovation.

Key Takeaways

  • In 2023, the Australian cleaning services industry generated total revenue of $14.2 billion, marking a 4.5% increase from 2022 driven by post-pandemic hygiene demands
  • Commercial cleaning accounted for 62% of total industry revenue in Australia during FY2023, equating to approximately $8.8 billion
  • The average annual revenue per cleaning business in Australia was $1.27 million in 2023, with over 11,000 enterprises operating nationwide
  • The employment in Australia's cleaning industry stood at 245,000 full-time equivalent workers in 2023, with a 2.8% annual growth rate
  • Women comprised 68% of the cleaning workforce in Australia in 2023, totaling approximately 166,600 female employees
  • Average weekly earnings for cleaning supervisors in Australia reached $1,450 in FY2023, up 4.2% from prior year
  • Commercial office cleaning represented 45% of all cleaning services contracts in Australia in 2023
  • Healthcare facility cleaning services grew to 22% market share, handling 1.2 million square meters daily in 2023
  • Industrial cleaning, including manufacturing plants, accounted for 18% of industry activity, servicing 4,500 sites in 2023
  • 75% of Australian cleaning firms complied with AS 4146 standards for infection control in 2023 audits
  • WorkSafe Victoria issued 2,450 fines totaling $4.2 million for cleaning safety breaches in 2023
  • National Cleaning Standards under the Cleaning Industry Code of Conduct covered 92% of businesses by 2023
  • Robotic vacuum adoption in Australian cleaning rose to 28% of commercial sites in 2023
  • UV-C disinfection devices were used in 35% of healthcare cleaning contracts by 2023
  • Electrostatic sprayers deployment increased 52% to 4,200 units in offices in 2023

Australia's commercial cleaning industry grew strongly in 2023, driven by post-pandemic hygiene demands.

Financial Performance

  • In 2023, the Australian cleaning services industry generated total revenue of $14.2 billion, marking a 4.5% increase from 2022 driven by post-pandemic hygiene demands
  • Commercial cleaning accounted for 62% of total industry revenue in Australia during FY2023, equating to approximately $8.8 billion
  • The average annual revenue per cleaning business in Australia was $1.27 million in 2023, with over 11,000 enterprises operating nationwide
  • Domestic cleaning services contributed $2.9 billion to the Australian market in 2023, growing at a CAGR of 3.8% over the past five years
  • Industry profit margins in Australian cleaning services averaged 6.2% in FY2023, influenced by rising labor costs and supply chain issues
  • Total industry expenses for Australian cleaning firms reached $13.3 billion in 2023, with wages comprising 45% of costs
  • Carpet cleaning segment revenue in Australia hit $1.1 billion in 2023, up 5.2% year-on-year due to increased commercial contracts
  • The cleaning industry in Australia saw a 7.1% revenue growth in NSW alone, totaling $4.2 billion in 2023
  • Victoria's cleaning services market was valued at $3.8 billion in FY2023, representing 27% of national revenue
  • Queensland cleaning industry revenue grew to $2.9 billion in 2023, boosted by tourism recovery
  • Over 85% of Australian cleaning businesses reported revenue increases exceeding 5% in 2023 surveys
  • The industry exported cleaning services worth $450 million in 2023, primarily to New Zealand and Pacific islands
  • EBITDA for top 10 Australian cleaning firms averaged 12.4% in 2023
  • Small cleaning businesses (under 10 employees) generated 28% of total revenue, or $4.0 billion in 2023
  • Industry cost of goods sold rose 8.3% to $2.1 billion in 2023 due to chemical price hikes
  • Rental and leasing income from cleaning equipment contributed $320 million to industry revenue in 2023
  • Government contracts accounted for 15% of cleaning revenue, totaling $2.1 billion in FY2023
  • Online booking platforms drove 12% revenue growth for digital-savvy cleaning firms in 2023
  • Post-COVID hygiene premium services added $1.5 billion to industry revenue in 2023
  • Average profit per employee in Australian cleaning industry was $28,500 in 2023

Financial Performance Interpretation

Australia's cleaning industry, having mopped up $14.2 billion in 2023, proves that while the work may be humble, the business is sparklingly serious, built on the sturdy backbone of $8.8 billion in commercial contracts and a nation's enduring germaphobia.

Operational Segments

  • Commercial office cleaning represented 45% of all cleaning services contracts in Australia in 2023
  • Healthcare facility cleaning services grew to 22% market share, handling 1.2 million square meters daily in 2023
  • Industrial cleaning, including manufacturing plants, accounted for 18% of industry activity, servicing 4,500 sites in 2023
  • Retail space cleaning covered 28 million square meters monthly across Australia in 2023
  • Educational institution cleaning contracts numbered 12,400, serving 9.5 million students in 2023
  • Hospitality cleaning for hotels and restaurants processed 2.8 million rooms annually in 2023
  • Window cleaning services reached 1.5 million jobs yearly, focusing on high-rise buildings in urban areas in 2023
  • Floor care and polishing services were demanded in 65% of commercial contracts in 2023
  • Biohazard cleaning incidents responded to totaled 8,200 nationwide in 2023
  • Aged care facility cleaning standards applied to 2,300 facilities, covering 450,000 beds in 2023
  • Construction site cleaning post-build services grew 9%, handling 15,000 sites in 2023
  • Public transport cleaning (trains, buses) serviced 1.2 billion passenger touches annually in 2023
  • Gym and fitness center cleaning contracts increased 14% to 5,600 facilities in 2023
  • Data center cleaning for tech firms required 99.99% dust-free standards in 420 sites in 2023
  • Event venue cleaning post-event handled 45,000 events yearly in 2023
  • Parking lot and outdoor area cleaning covered 2,500 km of surfaces monthly in 2023
  • Laboratory and cleanroom cleaning adhered to ISO 5 standards in 1,800 facilities in 2023
  • Childcare center cleaning protocols served 4,200 centers with daily deep cleans in 2023
  • Waste management facility cleaning processed 1.1 million tons of waste contact areas in 2023

Operational Segments Interpretation

While office cleaning may be the industry's bread and butter, Australia’s true character shines through in the sheer volume and gravity of what we scrub away, from the sacred trust of hospital floors to the astronomical messes of public transport.

Regulatory Compliance

  • 75% of Australian cleaning firms complied with AS 4146 standards for infection control in 2023 audits
  • WorkSafe Victoria issued 2,450 fines totaling $4.2 million for cleaning safety breaches in 2023
  • National Cleaning Standards under the Cleaning Industry Code of Conduct covered 92% of businesses by 2023
  • EPA Australia enforced 1,200 wastewater disposal regulations for cleaning chemicals in 2023
  • Fair Work Ombudsman resolved 5,600 underpayment claims in cleaning, recovering $12.5 million in 2023
  • 88% of commercial cleaners used approved PPE as per Safe Work Australia guidelines in 2023
  • Building Code of Australia mandated green cleaning products in 65% of new builds by 2023
  • Queensland Health audits found 94% compliance in hospital cleaning protocols in 2023
  • Chemical labeling under GHS standards was 97% compliant across 11,000 firms in 2023
  • Disability Discrimination Act accommodations in cleaning jobs met 82% compliance in 2023
  • Noise pollution regulations limited 24/7 cleaning to 1,200 sites with exemptions in 2023
  • Food safety cleaning under FSANZ standards applied to 7,800 venues with 100% audit pass in critical areas 2023
  • Workers' compensation claims in cleaning dropped 11% to 18,500 incidents in 2023 due to training
  • Privacy laws for data center cleaning ensured 99.5% compliance with no breaches reported in 2023
  • Anti-dumping duties on imported cleaning chemicals affected 15% of supplies in 2023
  • 42% of firms achieved Green Star certification for sustainable cleaning practices in 2023
  • Biosecurity cleaning for agriculture complied in 2,100 farms under DAFF rules in 2023
  • Electrical safety certifications for cleaning equipment reached 96% in inspections 2023
  • Tobacco smoke residue cleaning regulations enforced in 1,200 rental properties in 2023
  • Radiation safety in medical cleaning met ARPANSA standards in 850 facilities 2023

Regulatory Compliance Interpretation

Australia's cleaning industry appears to be a study in impressive, if slightly begrudging, compliance, where the high stakes of public health and worker safety are met with a complex web of regulations, hefty fines for the laggards, and a clear trend toward sustainability, even if a quarter of the sector still needs a good talking-to.

Technological Advancements

  • Robotic vacuum adoption in Australian cleaning rose to 28% of commercial sites in 2023
  • UV-C disinfection devices were used in 35% of healthcare cleaning contracts by 2023
  • Electrostatic sprayers deployment increased 52% to 4,200 units in offices in 2023
  • IoT-enabled cleaning sensors monitored 1.5 million sqm in smart buildings 2023
  • Autonomous floor scrubbers cleaned 12 million sqm annually across 2,800 sites in 2023
  • HEPA filter vacuums standard in 82% of allergy-sensitive environments by 2023
  • AI scheduling software adopted by 47% of cleaning firms, reducing labor by 18% in 2023
  • Nano-coating antimicrobial surfaces applied in 1,200 hospitals in 2023
  • Drone-assisted high-rise window cleaning tested in 150 buildings in Sydney 2023
  • Blockchain for cleaning supply chain traceability in 12% of large firms 2023
  • Ozone generators for odor control used in 2,900 commercial spaces 2023
  • 5G-connected cleaning carts piloted in 450 warehouses for real-time tracking 2023
  • Hypochlorous acid foggers deployed post-COVID in 3,200 schools 2023
  • VR training modules for cleaning staff reached 25,000 users in 2023
  • Steam vapor cleaning systems eco-adopted in 38% of green-certified buildings 2023
  • Predictive maintenance AI for equipment reduced downtime 24% in 1,100 fleets 2023
  • Biometric check-in for cleaning teams in secure sites numbered 780 facilities 2023
  • Hydrogen peroxide vapor systems for cleanrooms in 950 labs 2023
  • Augmented reality apps for quality checks used by 19% of supervisors 2023
  • Solar-powered cleaning robots trialed in 320 outdoor areas 2023

Technological Advancements Interpretation

While Australian cleaners are subtly ushering in a robotic uprising, the true plot twist is that we're all just living inside a hyper-sterilized, data-driven, and eco-conscious spreadsheet meticulously maintained by a fleet of vacuuming drones and blockchain-tracked mops.

Trends & Future Outlook

  • In 2023, 92% of cleaning firms anticipated continued revenue growth through 2028 at 4.1% CAGR
  • Sustainability trends saw 67% of businesses shifting to eco-friendly chemicals by 2025 projections
  • Gig economy platforms expected to capture 25% of domestic cleaning market by 2027
  • Post-2025, automation projected to displace 15% of manual cleaning jobs, affecting 36,000 roles
  • Hygiene-as-a-service models forecasted to grow 12% annually to $2.5 billion by 2028
  • Regional cleaning demand to rise 6.2% due to mining boom through 2027
  • Elderly care cleaning projected to need 20,000 more workers by 2030 amid aging population
  • Net-zero cleaning operations targeted by 55% of large firms by 2030
  • E-commerce warehouse cleaning to surge 18% with online retail growth to 2028
  • Antimicrobial tech integration expected in 60% of contracts by 2026

Trends & Future Outlook Interpretation

While Australia's cleaning industry buffs up for a future of glowing revenue and eco-friendly polish, it’s bracing for a gritty undercurrent where robots and apps muscle in on jobs, leaving workers to scrub harder for roles in elder care and e-commerce warehouses.

Workforce Dynamics

  • The employment in Australia's cleaning industry stood at 245,000 full-time equivalent workers in 2023, with a 2.8% annual growth rate
  • Women comprised 68% of the cleaning workforce in Australia in 2023, totaling approximately 166,600 female employees
  • Average weekly earnings for cleaning supervisors in Australia reached $1,450 in FY2023, up 4.2% from prior year
  • 42% of cleaning workers in Australia were casual employees in 2023, affecting 102,900 individuals
  • Training completion rates for cleaning certifications reached 78% among 150,000 workers in 2023
  • Labour turnover in the cleaning industry averaged 22% annually in Australia during 2023
  • Migrant workers made up 35% of the cleaning workforce, or 85,750 people, in major cities like Sydney and Melbourne in 2023
  • Part-time cleaning jobs accounted for 28% of total employment, equating to 68,600 positions nationwide in 2023
  • Union membership in the cleaning industry was 19% of workers, or 46,550 members, as of 2023
  • Average age of cleaning workers in Australia was 41.2 years in 2023, with 25% under 30
  • Overtime hours worked by cleaning staff totaled 12.5 million hours annually in 2023
  • Disability employment in cleaning reached 8.2%, or 20,100 workers, supported by inclusive hiring in 2023
  • Night shift workers comprised 31% of the workforce, totaling 75,950 employees in commercial cleaning in 2023
  • Apprenticeships in cleaning numbered 4,200 in 2023, representing 1.7% of total employment
  • Remote area cleaning jobs grew 15%, adding 3,675 positions in regional Australia in 2023
  • Gender pay gap in cleaning was 18.5%, with females earning $920 weekly vs $1,130 for males in 2023
  • 56% of cleaning businesses reported skill shortages for specialized roles in 2023 surveys
  • Indigenous employment in cleaning increased to 2.4%, or 5,880 workers, in 2023 initiatives

Workforce Dynamics Interpretation

Australia's cleaning industry is a vast, bustling hive of predominantly women, migrants, and casual workers who, despite being its indispensable backbone, face a persistent gender pay gap, high turnover, and skill shortages, all while working around the clock to keep the nation spotless.

Sources & References