Key Takeaways
- In the United States, approximately 4.5 million dog bites occur annually, with about 800,000 requiring medical attention
- Dogs cause 80-90% of all animal bite injuries reported to emergency departments in the US each year
- Children aged 5-9 years have the highest rate of dog bite-related emergency department visits at 60.2 per 100,000 population
- Cat bites account for 10-15% of all animal bite injuries in US emergency rooms
- Cat bites have a 50% infection rate, higher than dog bites at 20%
- Pasteurella multocida is isolated in 75% of infected cat bites
- Rodent bites, including rats, account for 1-2% of animal bites but 50% rat-bite fever cases
- In urban US areas, rat bites number 50,000 annually, mostly children
- Horse bites cause severe facial injuries in 70% of farm-related cases
- In the US, 47,000 animal bite injuries treated in ERs in 2019, with dogs 60%, cats 15%
- Globally, 29 million animal bite wounds occur yearly requiring treatment
- In India, 17.4 million dog bites reported in 2019
- Coyote bites in North America number 12,500 ER visits from 1990-2003
- Raccoon bites transmit rabies in 1-3% of US wildlife exposures
- In the US, bats cause 70% of human rabies cases from bites/scratches
Dog bites cause frequent injuries and cost millions, with children most affected.
Cat Bites
- Cat bites account for 10-15% of all animal bite injuries in US emergency rooms
- Cat bites have a 50% infection rate, higher than dog bites at 20%
- Pasteurella multocida is isolated in 75% of infected cat bites
- Women are bitten by cats 4 times more often than men due to handling
- In the UK, cat bites lead to 20,000 GP visits annually
- Cat scratches and bites cause cat scratch disease in 5-10% of cases
- 80% of cat bite infections are polymicrobial
- Hand bites from cats require antibiotics in 90% of cases to prevent osteomyelitis
- In Australia, cat bites hospitalize 1,500 people yearly
- Elderly patients with cat bites have 30% hospitalization rate
- Rabies transmission from cat bites is 15% in unvaccinated exposures
- In France, 25,000 cat bites treated in ERs annually
- Cat bites to the face cause deeper punctures in 60% of cases
- In Japan, 10% of animal bites are from cats, with high antibiotic resistance
- Diabetic patients with cat bites have 40% complication rate
- In Canada, cat bites lead to 2,000 ER visits per year
- 35% of cat bites require surgical debridement
- In India, stray cats cause 5% of rabies post-exposure prophylaxes
- US cat bite lawsuits average $15,000 in settlements
Cat Bites Interpretation
Dog Bites
- In the United States, approximately 4.5 million dog bites occur annually, with about 800,000 requiring medical attention
- Dogs cause 80-90% of all animal bite injuries reported to emergency departments in the US each year
- Children aged 5-9 years have the highest rate of dog bite-related emergency department visits at 60.2 per 100,000 population
- In 2021, dog bites resulted in 430 deaths in the US over the past 20 years, averaging 21 fatalities per year
- Pit bull-type dogs were involved in 66% of fatal dog attacks in the US from 2005-2017
- Male dogs are responsible for 74% of dog bite incidents reported
- Unneutered male dogs account for 80% of reported bites in urban areas
- Dog bites cost the US healthcare system $530 million annually in medical treatments
- 18% of dog bites in the US lead to infection, primarily from Pasteurella species
- In the UK, dog bites hospitalize 6,000 children annually under age 14
- Rottweilers ranked second in fatal dog attacks with 45 deaths from 1979-1998 in the US
- 52% of dog bite victims are children under 12 years old globally
- In Australia, dog bites result in 13,000 hospital admissions yearly
- Family dogs or dogs known to the victim cause 51% of fatal attacks in the US
- Dog bites to the head and neck account for 65% of injuries in children under 10
- In India, 20 million dog bites occur annually, with 59,000 rabies deaths linked
- US dog bite claims paid out $881 million in 2022 by insurance companies
- 25% of dog bites in the elderly lead to hospitalization due to complications
- Stray dogs cause 70% of bites in rural China
- In Brazil, 500,000 dog bites are reported yearly to health services
- Dog bites increase by 30% during full moon periods in some studies
- In Canada, 7,000 dog bite hospitalizations occur annually
- 40% of dog bites are provoked by victim interaction
- In South Africa, pit bulls involved in 53% of serious dog attacks
- US military working dogs bite rates are 1.5 per 100 dog-years
- In Turkey, 400,000 dog bites reported in 2019
- Children bitten by dogs have 3.2 times higher PTSD risk post-incident
- In the EU, dog bites cost €100 million yearly in treatments
- 15% of US dog bites involve multiple wounds requiring sutures
- In Mexico, 70% of rabies cases from dog bites
Dog Bites Interpretation
Incidence
- In the US, 47,000 animal bite injuries treated in ERs in 2019, with dogs 60%, cats 15%
- Globally, 29 million animal bite wounds occur yearly requiring treatment
- In India, 17.4 million dog bites reported in 2019
- US rabies post-exposure prophylaxis given for 60,000 animal bites yearly
- Children under 15 suffer 50% of global animal bite injuries
- In Africa, 21,476 rabies deaths from animal bites annually
- UK sees 250,000 animal bites yearly, 50% dogs
- Brazil reports 440,000 animal bites to SINAN system in 2020
- In China, 1.7 million Category III exposures (bites) for rabies PEP yearly
- Australia has 2 bites per 1,000 population annually
- Iran reports 1.1 million animal bites yearly
- In the Philippines, 200,000 dog bites lead to PEP annually
- Turkey sees 300,000 animal bites per year
- Vietnam has 500,000 rabies exposures from bites yearly
- In Ethiopia, 10,000 animal bite cases per million population
- South Africa reports 300,000 dog-mediated bites annually
- Thailand sees 750,000 animal bites yearly
- In Russia, 400,000 bite cases trigger anti-rabies vaccinations
- Mexico has 70,000 rabies PEP doses for bites annually
- Globally, animal bites cause 59,000 rabies deaths yearly, 99% dogs
Incidence Interpretation
Other Domestic
- Rodent bites, including rats, account for 1-2% of animal bites but 50% rat-bite fever cases
- In urban US areas, rat bites number 50,000 annually, mostly children
- Horse bites cause severe facial injuries in 70% of farm-related cases
- Livestock bites (cows, pigs) lead to 10% crush injuries in rural ERs
- Rabbit bites transmit tularemia in 1% of cases globally
- In the UK, ferret bites cause 500 injuries yearly, often deep punctures
- Guinea pig bites lead to lymphadenitis in 20% of pediatric cases
- Monkey bites in US labs infect 1 in 1,000 workers yearly with herpes B
- In Brazil, capybara bites cause 2,000 ER visits annually in wetlands
- Sheep bites rare but cause tetanus in 5% unvaccinated shepherds
- Hamster bites transmit lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in 0.5% cases
- In Australia, kangaroo bites hospitalize 200 tourists yearly
- Deer bites in hunting accidents number 1,000 US cases per year
- Goat bites cause orbital fractures in 15% of farm injuries
- Parrot bites lead to Pseudomonas infections in 25% avian handler cases
- Pig bites transmit Streptococcus suis in 30% of agricultural workers
- In India, buffalo bites cause 50,000 injuries yearly in rural areas
- Coyote bites in urban California average 100 per year
- Llama bites known for spitting but actual bites injure 500 US farms yearly
- Snake bites (non-venomous) treated as punctures in 400,000 US cases annually
Other Domestic Interpretation
Treatment
- In the US, animal bites lead to 850,000 ER visits annually, costing $300 million
- Rabies PEP administered to 29 million people globally post-bite yearly
- 20% of animal bites require surgical intervention like debridement
- Prophylactic antibiotics reduce infection rates from 40% to 10% in high-risk bites
- Tetanus booster needed for 60% of dirty animal bites
- Hospitalization rates for animal bites are 1-2% overall, 15% for hand bites
- Rabies immunoglobulin used in 40% of Category III exposures globally
- Average cost of dog bite treatment in US is $20,000 for severe cases
- Infection complications from bites lead to amputation in 0.1% cases
- In low-income countries, 40% of bite victims receive no treatment
- Wound irrigation reduces infection by 50% in bite management
- Post-bite observation for rabies in animals: 10 days for dogs/cats
- Antibiotic choice: Amoxicillin-clavulanate covers 95% of bite flora
- Children with bites need follow-up in 70% of facial injuries
- Global rabies vaccine demand post-bites: 15 million courses yearly
- Bite wound cultures positive in 50% delayed presenters
- In US, 30% of rabies PEP is unnecessary per retrospective reviews
- Hyperbaric oxygen used in 5% of necrotizing bite infections
- Average hospital stay for complicated bites: 5.2 days
- Post-exposure rabies vaccine efficacy: 100% if timely
Treatment Interpretation
Wildlife
- Coyote bites in North America number 12,500 ER visits from 1990-2003
- Raccoon bites transmit rabies in 1-3% of US wildlife exposures
- In the US, bats cause 70% of human rabies cases from bites/scratches
- Shark bites worldwide average 80 unprovoked attacks yearly, 5 fatal
- In Africa, hyena bites injure 500 people annually in rural villages
- US black bear bites average 40-50 incidents per year
- Alligator bites in Florida number 300 yearly
- In India, monkey bites cause 50,000 rabies exposures annually
- Wolf bites rare, but 10 attacks in Europe 2002-2016
- Mountain lion bites in US average 3-4 per year
- In Australia, kangaroo bites/scratches hospitalize 500 yearly
- Fox bites transmit rabies in 20% of European wildlife cases
- In Alaska, moose bites injure 20 people yearly during rutting
- Scorpion bites (considered bites) number 1.5 million globally
- In Brazil, jaguar bites rare but 25 attacks 2000-2014
- Bobcat bites in US Southwest average 100 exposures yearly
- Seal bites infect with seal finger bacteria in 50% Arctic cases
- In Tanzania, lion bites kill 100-200 villagers yearly
- Skunk bites rare but rabies vector in 30% US wildlife tests
- Wolverine bites injure 10-20 miners yearly in Canada
Wildlife Interpretation
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