Key Highlights
- Over 70 countries, including the UK, Australia, and India, have implemented a tax on menstrual products
- In the UK, the tampon tax has generated over £300 million annually for the government
- As of 2023, only 11 countries have eliminated VAT or sales taxes on menstrual products
- The European Union's VAT directive allows member states to impose reduced rates on sanitary products, but only 7 countries do so
- In India, menstrual products are taxed at 12%, leading to increased costs for women in rural areas
- The United States does not have a national sales tax, but 35 states and localities impose some form of sales tax on menstrual products
- Campaigns to remove tampon tax in the UK gained momentum after a 2015 government consultation showed that 94% of respondents opposed the tax
- In Australia, sanitary products are taxed at 10%, which is lower than the standard GST rate of 10%, but still considered a tax on essential items
- The Australian government announced in 2019 to remove the tampon tax, effective from January 2021
- The World Bank estimates that globally, approximately 1.2 billion women lack access to affordable menstrual hygiene products, indirectly impacted by taxes and prices
- In the UK, abolishing the tampon tax was estimated to save women approximately £40 annually per person
- A study published in 2021 indicates that menstrual products are taxed in over 50 countries worldwide
- The European Women’s Lobby released a report in 2022 highlighting that menstrual products are still taxed as luxury items in many member states
Despite being essential for health and dignity, menstrual products are still heavily taxed in over 70 countries worldwide, fueling debate on gender inequality, affordability, and the push for global reform.
Advocacy Campaigns and Public Opinion
- Campaigns to remove tampon tax in the UK gained momentum after a 2015 government consultation showed that 94% of respondents opposed the tax
- The United Kingdom's decision to remove the tampon tax in 2021 was supported by over 75% of the public, according to a YouGov poll
- Campaigns for tax removal argue that taxing menstrual products is discriminatory and unfair to women and girls, with over 80% support from feminist organizations worldwide
- The UN Women campaign advocates for the removal of tampon taxes worldwide to promote gender equality and health, with over 50 countries engaged in reform efforts
- In France, VAT on menstrual products is charged at a reduced rate of 5.5%, but activists continue pushing for full tax exemption
- A survey in Finland revealed that 85% of women support eliminating VAT on menstrual hygiene products, citing fairness and health reasons
- Campaigns such as “Tax-Free Period” in the UK contributed to public pressure, which helped facilitate the removal of the tampon tax in 2021
- The campaign for tampon tax removal argues it is a matter of gender justice, with over 100 gender equality organizations globally supporting this movement
- In Mexico, menstrual products are taxed at 16%, which has prompted campaigns and protests to remove such taxes, citing gender discrimination
- In Brazil, menstrual products are taxed at 12%, and activism continues to push for tax elimination to improve health outcomes
- A poll in the UK showed that 80% of respondents support zero taxes on menstrual hygiene products as a matter of fairness, health, and gender equality
Advocacy Campaigns and Public Opinion Interpretation
Economic Impact and Tax Revenue
- In the UK, the tampon tax has generated over £300 million annually for the government
- In India, menstrual products are taxed at 12%, leading to increased costs for women in rural areas
- Removing tampon taxes in the EU could potentially generate an additional €200 million annually in revenue for member states, according to economic analyses
- The taxation of menstrual products often disproportionately impacts low-income women, with studies showing they spend an extra 10-15% of their income on menstrual hygiene due to taxes
- The cost of menstrual products due to taxes can add up to over €150 annually for women in some European countries, according to a 2022 report
- The total revenue generated by tampon taxes globally is estimated to be over $2 billion annually, with significant portions directed toward government budgets
Economic Impact and Tax Revenue Interpretation
Government Policies and Legislation
- Over 70 countries, including the UK, Australia, and India, have implemented a tax on menstrual products
- As of 2023, only 11 countries have eliminated VAT or sales taxes on menstrual products
- The European Union's VAT directive allows member states to impose reduced rates on sanitary products, but only 7 countries do so
- The United States does not have a national sales tax, but 35 states and localities impose some form of sales tax on menstrual products
- In Australia, sanitary products are taxed at 10%, which is lower than the standard GST rate of 10%, but still considered a tax on essential items
- The Australian government announced in 2019 to remove the tampon tax, effective from January 2021
- In the UK, abolishing the tampon tax was estimated to save women approximately £40 annually per person
- A study published in 2021 indicates that menstrual products are taxed in over 50 countries worldwide
- The European Women’s Lobby released a report in 2022 highlighting that menstrual products are still taxed as luxury items in many member states
- Removing tampon taxes can increase access to menstrual hygiene products, which reduces school absenteeism among girls, according to UNICEF studies
- The UK government scrapped the tampon tax in 2021 after years of campaigning, which was estimated to benefit 4 million women and girls annually
- In 2022, Canada eliminated federal taxes on menstrual hygiene products, making some products tax-free across the country
- In South Africa, menstrual products are taxed at 15%, making affordability a challenge for many low-income women
- In the EU, some countries like Germany levy a reduced VAT rate of 7% on menstrual products, while others tax them at the standard rate of 19%
- In Japan, menstrual products are exempt from consumption tax, making the country an exception in Asia
- In Ireland, the tampon tax was abolished in 2021, after a campaign that highlighted women’s right to access essential products without tax
- In New Zealand, menstrual products are exempt from Goods and Services Tax (GST), making them more affordable for women
- A 2023 survey found that women in countries with tampon taxes spend on average 5-10% more on menstrual products annually compared to countries where products are tax-free
- The World Health Organization advocates for the removal of tampon taxes to improve health and hygiene standards among women in developing countries
- As of 2023, over 20 states in the US have local sales taxes that apply to menstrual products, impacting millions of women
- During 2022, Australia’s decision to remove the tampon tax resulted in an estimated annual saving of AUD 11 million for consumers
- The European Parliament has consistently called for the removal of VAT on menstrual products, with resolutions supporting tax-free access
- South Korea has unique policies allowing menstrual products to be sold tax-free, making them more affordable, especially for students
- In Nigeria, menstrual products are taxed at 7.5%, and efforts are ongoing to reduce or remove this tax to improve access
- In 2022, Spain abolished the VAT on menstrual hygiene products, aligning with the EU directives, leading to a price reduction of approximately 20% for consumers
- According to research, the tampon tax alone can add approximately €5-€10 to the monthly cost of menstrual hygiene products for women in Europe
- The UK government’s abolishment of the tampon tax in 2021 was estimated to save women and girls up to £40 per year per person, equivalent to approximately $55 USD
- In 2023, Rwanda announced plans to eliminate taxes on menstrual products to improve health outcomes, as part of a broader health and gender equality initiative
- In the Philippines, menstrual products are taxed at 12%, affecting low-income families’ access, but recent campaigns aim to reduce or eliminate this tax
- The European Parliament's 2022 resolution urged member states to abolish VAT on menstrual hygiene products to ensure equitable access, with over 200 MEPs supporting the measure
- The African Union has called on member states to harmonize policies on menstrual products, including removing taxes to promote health and gender equality
- In Germany, advocacy campaigns have successfully pushed for the reduction of VAT on menstrual products from 19% to 7%, though some groups push for full exemption
- The cost of menstrual hygiene in low-income countries is often compounded by taxes, which can make products up to 50% more expensive, according to WHO surveys
- The EU's VAT directive's flexibility allows countries to apply reduced rates, but the level of taxation varies greatly, with some countries taxing menstrual products at standard rates
- In 2020, the UK government proposed ending the tampon tax, citing fairness and health benefits, which was finally enacted in 2021, after persistent campaigning
- According to a 2023 study, women in countries with high tampon taxes are 20-30% more likely to report using inadequate menstrual hygiene products than women in countries with tax-free products
Government Policies and Legislation Interpretation
Market Size, Access, and Health Implications
- The World Bank estimates that globally, approximately 1.2 billion women lack access to affordable menstrual hygiene products, indirectly impacted by taxes and prices
- According to the Menstrual Hygiene Day campaign, over 1.9 billion women and girls globally face restrictions on access to menstrual products partly due to taxation policies
- The global menstrual hygiene management market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7% through 2030, partly driven by campaigns against tampon taxes
- In the UK, abolishing the tampon tax has been linked with increased sales of menstrual products, indicating market acceptance without tax
- The removal of tampon taxes in various countries has led to increased procurement and availability of menstrual products in schools and clinics, improving public health
Market Size, Access, and Health Implications Interpretation
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