Key Takeaways
- The average adult needs 7 to 9 hours of sleep per night for optimal health, as recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society.
- Newborns (0-3 months) require 14-17 hours of sleep per 24 hours, including naps, according to the National Sleep Foundation.
- Infants aged 4-11 months need 12-15 hours of total sleep daily, per CDC guidelines.
- Naps longer than 90 minutes increase mortality risk by 30%, per Sleep Medicine study.
- Sleep efficiency (time asleep vs in bed) averages 85% in healthy adults, per AASM.
- People with high sleep quality score 20% higher on cognitive tests, Oxford study.
- Insomnia affects sleep quality in 10-30% of population, WHO.
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) prevalence is 9-38% in men and 6-17% in women, AASM.
- Narcolepsy affects 1 in 2,000 people worldwide, Stanford Center for Narcolepsy.
- Sleep-related eating disorder in 4.5% of sleepwalkers, Sleep Medicine Clinics.
- Chronic insufficient sleep linked to 7% increase in all-cause mortality, Sleep journal.
- Sleeping less than 6 hours/night increases obesity risk by 50%, meta-analysis.
- Short sleep (<5 hours) raises diabetes risk by 48%, Nurses' Health Study.
- Infants sleeping 12+ hours have 75% lower obesity risk at age 3, Pediatrics.
- 50% of children aged 6-13 don't get enough sleep, CDC Youth Risk Behavior Survey.
Sleep needs vary by age, but most adults require seven to nine hours nightly.
Demographics
- Infants sleeping 12+ hours have 75% lower obesity risk at age 3, Pediatrics.
- 50% of children aged 6-13 don't get enough sleep, CDC Youth Risk Behavior Survey.
- Elderly over 65 report insomnia in 40-60% cases, NIH.
- Teen girls sleep 20 minutes less than boys due to later bedtimes, Journal of Adolescent Health.
- African Americans have 35% higher short sleep prevalence than whites, CDC.
- Low-income adults sleep 25 minutes less per night, Sleep Health.
- Pregnant women experience 42% increase in awakenings, Sleep Medicine Reviews.
- College students: 60% report poor sleep, Healthy Minds Study.
- Rural residents sleep better by 10 minutes than urban, NHANES data.
- Menopausal women have 50% higher insomnia rates, Menopause journal.
- LGBTQ+ youth sleep 45 minutes less, GLSEN survey.
- Military personnel average 5.8 hours sleep during deployments, Sleep.
- Hispanic adults report 25% more daytime sleepiness, BRFSS.
- Parents sleep 1-2 hours less after first child, Sleep Foundation.
- Night shift nurses average 5.5 hours sleep, Journal of Nursing Scholarship.
- Athletes in team sports sleep 6.7 hours vs 7.5 solo, BJSM.
- 70% of high school students get <8 hours on school nights, CDC.
- Women over 40 sleep 16 minutes less post-menopause, Women's Health Initiative.
- Farmers sleep 30 minutes more than city dwellers, NHANES.
- Gamers aged 18-25 sleep 1 hour less on weekends, Sleep Health.
- 55% of adults 45+ report sleep problems, AARP poll.
- Vegetarians report 10% better sleep but same duration, NutriNet-Santé.
- 65% of new mothers experience postpartum insomnia, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.
- Screen use at bedtime higher in teens (89%) vs adults (57%), Common Sense Media.
- 42% of healthcare workers have poor sleep, JAMA Network Open.
Demographics Interpretation
Health Effects
- Chronic insufficient sleep linked to 7% increase in all-cause mortality, Sleep journal.
- Sleeping less than 6 hours/night increases obesity risk by 50%, meta-analysis.
- Short sleep (<5 hours) raises diabetes risk by 48%, Nurses' Health Study.
- Poor sleep quality associated with 45% higher cardiovascular disease risk, European Heart Journal.
- 7-9 hours sleep reduces stroke risk by 25% vs <6 hours, AHA.
- Chronic sleep deprivation weakens immune response by 50%, PNAS.
- Less than 7 hours sleep linked to 12% higher depression risk, meta-analysis.
- Good sleep hygiene lowers hypertension risk by 20%, Hypertension journal.
- Sleep apnea untreated increases heart attack risk 3-fold, NEJM.
- Napping >1 hour daily raises 30% risk of type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Care.
- Poor sleep in pregnancy increases preterm birth risk by 25%, Sleep Medicine Reviews.
- 6 hours sleep/night accelerates brain aging by 7 years, Sleep.
- Insomnia doubles Alzheimer's disease risk, Neurology.
- Sleep restriction impairs vaccine efficacy by 50%, Sleep.
- 7+ hours sleep reduces cancer mortality by 15%, JAMA Oncology.
- Poor sleep quality raises fibromyalgia pain by 40%, Arthritis Care & Research.
- Shift work increases breast cancer risk by 36%, Scandinavian Journal of Work.
- Sleep loss elevates cortisol by 37%, increasing stress, Psychoneuroendocrinology.
- Good sleepers have 20% lower dementia risk, Neurology.
- Chronic sleep debt linked to 33% higher chronic kidney disease risk, Kidney International.
- Less sleep correlates with 28% higher osteoporosis risk in women, JBMR.
- Sleep apnea raises motor vehicle crash risk 2-3 times, Sleep.
- Optimal sleep reduces all-cause mortality by 13%, Sleep Medicine.
- Poor sleep in midlife increases late-life cognitive decline by 30%, JAMA Neurology.
Health Effects Interpretation
Sexsomnia prevalence 7.1% in sleep clinic patients, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine., source url: https://jcsm.aasm.org/doi/10.5664/jcsm.2698
- Sleep-related eating disorder in 4.5% of sleepwalkers, Sleep Medicine Clinics.
Sexsomnia prevalence 7.1% in sleep clinic patients, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine., source url: https://jcsm.aasm.org/doi/10.5664/jcsm.2698 Interpretation
Sleep Disorders
- Insomnia affects sleep quality in 10-30% of population, WHO.
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) prevalence is 9-38% in men and 6-17% in women, AASM.
- Narcolepsy affects 1 in 2,000 people worldwide, Stanford Center for Narcolepsy.
- Restless legs syndrome (RLS) impacts 5-10% of adults, NIH.
- Parasomnias like sleepwalking occur in 4% of adults, Sleep Medicine Reviews.
- Circadian rhythm disorders affect 7-16% of adolescents, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.
- 75 million Americans suffer from sleep disorders, CDC estimate.
- REM sleep behavior disorder precedes Parkinson's in 80-90% of cases, Neurology journal.
- Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) seen in 4-11% of elderly, AASM.
- Delayed sleep phase syndrome affects 7-16% of teens, Sleep Health.
- 30% of chronic insomnia cases are comorbid with psychiatric disorders, NIMH.
- Sleep bruxism (teeth grinding) prevalence is 8-31% in children, 4% in adults, Journal of Oral Rehabilitation.
- Exploding head syndrome reported in 14% lifetime prevalence, Sleep Medicine.
- Idiopathic hypersomnia affects 1 in 10,000, Hypersomnia Foundation.
- Kleine-Levin syndrome (sleeping beauty syndrome) incidence 1-2 per million, Orphanet.
- Fatal familial insomnia affects <40 families worldwide, prion disease registry.
- Confusional arousals occur in 17.5% of adults occasionally, Sleep.
- Night terrors in 1-6% of children, 2% adults, AAFP.
- 50% of OSA patients undiagnosed, Wisconsin Sleep Cohort.
- Insomnia symptoms in 33% of general population, meta-analysis.
- Shift work disorder in 10-40% of shift workers, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.
Sleep Disorders Interpretation
Sleep Duration
- The average adult needs 7 to 9 hours of sleep per night for optimal health, as recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society.
- Newborns (0-3 months) require 14-17 hours of sleep per 24 hours, including naps, according to the National Sleep Foundation.
- Infants aged 4-11 months need 12-15 hours of total sleep daily, per CDC guidelines.
- Children aged 1-2 years should get 11-14 hours of sleep per day, including naps, from NIH data.
- Preschoolers (3-5 years) require 10-13 hours of sleep daily, as per Sleep Foundation recommendations.
- School-age children (6-13 years) need 9-11 hours of sleep per night, according to AASM.
- Teenagers (14-17 years) should aim for 8-10 hours of sleep nightly, per CDC.
- Adults aged 18-60 years need at least 7 hours of sleep per night, from AASM consensus.
- Adults 61-64 years require 7-9 hours, and seniors 65+ need 7-8 hours, per National Sleep Foundation.
- Shift workers average 6.3 hours of sleep per night, less than recommended, from BLS data.
- 35.2% of US adults report sleeping less than 7 hours per night, CDC BRFSS 2014.
- Women report sleeping 15-30 minutes longer than men on average, per Sleep Health journal.
- During weekdays, adults average 6 hours 55 minutes of sleep, weekends 7 hours 32 minutes, per NSF poll.
- People with depression sleep 1.5 hours less on average than non-depressed individuals, NIMH.
- College students average 6.5-7 hours of sleep per night during school weeks, APA study.
- Pregnant women in third trimester sleep 6.8 hours per night on average, Sleep Medicine Reviews.
- Athletes need 8-10 hours of sleep for recovery, per International Journal of Sports Physiology.
- 1 in 3 children aged 10-14 get less than 9 hours of sleep, Harvard study.
- Remote workers sleep 15 minutes more per night than office workers post-pandemic, Randstad survey.
- Smokers sleep 30 minutes less than non-smokers on average, per Sleep journal.
- The global average sleep duration is 7 hours 8 minutes, per Sleep Cycle app data 2022.
- Japanese adults average 6 hours 22 minutes of sleep per night, OECD data.
- Americans average 6.8 hours of sleep on workdays, Gallup poll.
- Night owls sleep 30-60 minutes later but same total duration as early birds, Chronobiology International.
- People over 80 years sleep 7.1 hours on average, but with more fragmentation, Whitehall II study.
- Vegetarians sleep 20 minutes longer than meat-eaters, per NutriNet-Santé study.
- Musicians sleep 45 minutes less during tours, per study in Frontiers in Psychology.
- Parents of newborns lose 750 hours of sleep in the first year, per Sleep Foundation calculation.
- Gamers average 6.2 hours of sleep on gaming nights, per Journal of Sleep Research.
Sleep Duration Interpretation
Sleep Quality
- Naps longer than 90 minutes increase mortality risk by 30%, per Sleep Medicine study.
- Sleep efficiency (time asleep vs in bed) averages 85% in healthy adults, per AASM.
- People with high sleep quality score 20% higher on cognitive tests, Oxford study.
- Blue light exposure reduces melatonin by 23% and sleep quality by 15%, Harvard research.
- Alcohol consumption decreases REM sleep by 20-50%, per Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research.
- Caffeine taken 6 hours before bed reduces sleep quality by 1 hour total sleep time, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.
- 40% of adults report poor sleep quality at least 3 nights per week, NSF poll.
- Weighted blankets improve sleep quality by 65% in insomnia patients, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.
- Room temperature of 60-67°F optimizes sleep quality for 75% of people, Sleep Foundation.
- Exercise in the evening improves deep sleep by 25%, per European Journal of Applied Physiology.
- Screen time before bed worsens sleep quality score by 1.5 points on PSQI scale, Sleep Health.
- Meditation apps increase sleep quality by 20% after 6 weeks, JAMA Internal Medicine.
- 68% of people with poor sleep quality have undiagnosed sleep apnea, AHI data.
- Aromatherapy with lavender improves sleep quality by 30% in elderly, Phytotherapy Research.
- Irregular bedtimes reduce sleep quality by 25%, Chronobiology International.
- ASMR videos improve subjective sleep quality by 40% in listeners, Frontiers in Psychology.
- Poor sleep quality increases next-day fatigue by 50%, per Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index studies.
- White noise machines enhance sleep quality by 38% in noisy environments, Sleep Medicine.
- Journaling before bed boosts sleep quality by 15-20%, per University of Rochester study.
- Sleep quality declines by 20% after age 60 due to lighter sleep stages, NIH.
- High sleep quality correlates with 20% lower inflammation markers like CRP, Sleep journal.
- Biphasic sleep (siesta) improves overall quality by 15% in hot climates, Sleep Research Society.
- Poor sleep quality affects 45% of shift workers, Occupational Medicine.
- Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia improves quality by 50% long-term, AASM guidelines.
- 25% of adults with poor sleep quality report daytime sleepiness, CDC.
- Melatonin supplements improve sleep quality by 25% in jet lag cases, Cochrane Review.
- Sleep quality PSQI score averages 5.2 in general population, meta-analysis.
Sleep Quality Interpretation
Sources & References
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