
GITNUXSOFTWARE ADVICE
Technology Digital MediaTop 10 Best Maritime SaaS Services of 2026
Top 10 maritime saas services ranked for maritime operations, with comparisons of Accenture, KPMG, PwC and providers like Navarino and NSSLGlobal.
How we ranked these tools
Core product claims cross-referenced against official documentation, changelogs, and independent technical reviews.
Analyzed video reviews and hundreds of written evaluations to capture real-world user experiences with each tool.
AI persona simulations modeled how different user types would experience each tool across common use cases and workflows.
Final rankings reviewed and approved by our editorial team with authority to override AI-generated scores based on domain expertise.
Score: Features 40% · Ease 30% · Value 30%
Gitnux may earn a commission through links on this page — this does not influence rankings. Editorial policy
Network Innovations is the best fit when you need controlled ship office coordination that plugs into existing systems for governed maritime operations, whereas Navarino works better for multi-vessel teams aiming for shared operational reporting and voyage execution.
Editor’s top 3 picks
Three quick recommendations before you dive into the full comparison below — each one leads on a different dimension.
Network Innovations
Event-to-workflow linkage that turns operational occurrences into governed ship-to-shore process steps.
Built for fits when maritime operators need controlled ship office coordination with integration into existing systems..
Navarino
Editor pickChange-tracked operational records that keep voyage execution updates auditable across roles.
Built for fits when multi-vessel operators need governed voyage execution and shared operational reporting..
NSSLGlobal
Editor pickCross-stakeholder workflow orchestration that keeps voyage execution tasks and related operational documents synchronized.
Built for fits when shipping operations teams need controlled voyage execution across departments..
Related reading
Comparison Table
Network Innovations
enterprise_vendorNetwork Innovations delivers satellite connectivity, managed networks, and communications services for maritime users.
Event-to-workflow linkage that turns operational occurrences into governed ship-to-shore process steps.
Network Innovations supports end-to-end maritime workflow handling that connects operational records to event-driven updates across ship and office users. The service is a good fit when maritime teams need structured process control for coordination steps like voyage preparation, operational documentation, and recurring reporting. Automation and integration surfaces are designed to reduce manual rekeying between systems used for daily operations.
A clear tradeoff is that achieving clean governance across multiple vessels and user groups depends on disciplined setup of workflows and permissions. It works best when implementation includes mapping operational events to the service’s process steps and aligning data flows with internal IT owners. One common usage situation is onboarding a new fleet into standardized coordination workflows while keeping existing communications and records systems in place.
- +Event-driven workflow automation reduces ship office manual reentry
- +Strong ship-to-shore integration fit for existing maritime IT stacks
- +Operational document handling supports repeatable coordination processes
- +Extensibility helps teams align systems to their operating model
- –Workflow governance setup requires careful role mapping
- –Some advanced automation depends on integration effort
- –Tight operational mapping can slow early rollout for new fleets
Fleet operations teams
Coordinate voyage preparation events
Fewer handoff delays
Maritime document controllers
Manage operational documents during voyages
Faster document retrieval
Show 2 more scenarios
IT integration owners
Connect existing maritime systems
Lower rekeying workload
Uses integration and automation surfaces to reduce manual data translation between tools.
Technical management
Standardize recurring operational reporting
More consistent submissions
Applies repeatable workflow steps to reporting routines that span onboard and shore users.
Best for: Fits when maritime operators need controlled ship office coordination with integration into existing systems.
More related reading
Navarino
specialistNavarino delivers maritime communications, onboard IT, cybersecurity, and technology integration services.
Change-tracked operational records that keep voyage execution updates auditable across roles.
Navarino supports voyage-focused operational control with workflows that cover passage execution, port call coordination, and operational reporting used by marine operations teams. The system’s integration surface is oriented toward maritime event streams and operational records, which helps map partner, vessel, and execution inputs into a consistent run-log. Governance and control are reinforced through role-based access boundaries and change visibility so different teams can work without overwriting each other’s operational intent. Operational teams also benefit from automation around recurring voyage and document workflows that reduce manual re-entry of event data.
A tradeoff is that Navarino’s value depends on disciplined data mapping from existing vessel systems into its operational workflows, since inconsistent event feeds create gaps in reporting and planning views. A typical fit is a multi-vessel operator running repeated voyage planning and execution cycles where operations, chartering, and reporting need shared state with controlled updates.
- +Operational workflows connect voyage events to execution records
- +Configurable process automation reduces repeated manual re-entry
- +Role-based access supports multi-team operational governance
- +Audit-friendly change tracking supports controlled updates
- –Initial onboarding depends on consistent integration event mapping
- –Some niche reporting needs workflow tuning per operator practice
- –Permissions model requires careful team-to-process alignment
- –Automation coverage is strongest for defined voyage processes
Marine operations teams
Run port call execution with controlled updates
Fewer reconciliation gaps during voyages
Chartering and scheduling teams
Align execution status with chartering workflows
Faster status alignment
Show 2 more scenarios
Fleet managers and supervision
Standardize voyage reporting across vessels
More consistent reporting outcomes
Applies repeatable workflow configuration to keep cross-vessel operational reporting consistent.
Operations analysts
Produce decision-ready execution summaries
Quicker operational review cycles
Transforms integrated voyage events into structured summaries for oversight and follow-up actions.
Best for: Fits when multi-vessel operators need governed voyage execution and shared operational reporting.
NSSLGlobal
specialistNSSLGlobal supplies maritime satellite communications, network management, and onboard technology services.
Cross-stakeholder workflow orchestration that keeps voyage execution tasks and related operational documents synchronized.
NSSLGlobal fits teams that run day-to-day voyage execution and need consistent updates across schedules, operational tasks, and ship reporting artifacts. The offering aligns with organizations that manage operational governance around voyage status changes and document handling during port calls. It is also a stronger fit when teams want automation and integration points that reduce manual re-entry between ship systems and office workflows.
A notable tradeoff is that deeper automation relies on disciplined configuration of operational workflows and master data before heavy usage. NSSLGlobal works well when a shipping desk needs repeatable port call coordination and controlled propagation of operational changes across stakeholders.
- +Strong coordination across ship and voyage execution tasks
- +Integration-oriented approach supports ship-to-shore workflow automation
- +Clear operational governance for ongoing voyage status updates
- +Practical document handling for port call operations
- –Workflow depth requires setup discipline to avoid operational drift
- –Some cross-department automation depends on data quality from sources
- –Advanced configuration can slow initial adoption for small teams
Fleet operations teams
Coordinate voyage actions during port calls
Fewer missed actions
Chartering teams
Track operational shifts against planned voyage
More consistent documentation
Show 2 more scenarios
Maritime document controllers
Manage voyage document flow
Faster document turnaround
Supports organized handling of voyage-related documents tied to execution milestones and port calls.
IT integration owners
Automate ship-to-shore updates
Lower manual re-entry
Provides an integration surface for pushing operational events into connected workflows.
Best for: Fits when shipping operations teams need controlled voyage execution across departments.
Satcom Global
specialistSatcom Global provides maritime satellite communications, airtime, equipment, and technical support.
Managed ship-to-shore connectivity operations that tie communications health to operational data availability for reporting and exception handling.
Satcom Global supports maritime operations through ship-to-shore connectivity and managed satellite communication workflows tied to operational data capture. Its distinct value is the operational framing of connectivity, where communications coverage and device handshakes directly affect the availability of onboard telemetry and crew-facing reporting.
The service is typically used by fleets that need consistent connectivity to support monitoring, incident handling, and document exchange across routes with limited terrestrial options. Integration depth is strongest when onboard devices and marine systems are already instrumented for remote data transfer.
- +Managed satellite connectivity designed around reliable data transfer for vessels
- +Operational workflows help link communications status to operational reporting gaps
- +Onboard telemetry support fits fleets with existing device instrumentation
- +Admin processes typically include fleet-level visibility for connectivity operations
- –Non-native maritime SaaS modules are limited compared with vessel-first suites
- –Complex ship onboarding depends on device readiness and network requirements
- –Deep API automation may be constrained when data originates from proprietary streams
- –Governance controls for cross-team workflows can be thin without tailored setup
Best for: Fits when fleet teams need managed satellite connectivity to keep operational systems supplied with onboard data.
ABS Group
enterprise_vendorABS Group delivers maritime risk assessment, cybersecurity advisory, and regulatory compliance consulting for vessel operators and offshore asset owners.
ABS Group’s reporting workflow automation ties structured inputs to compliance-oriented submissions with governance controls across users and steps.
ABS Group supports maritime organizations with ABS analytics and SaaS services that tie operational data to compliance and reporting workflows used in ship and fleet contexts. Its core capability centers on structured data collection, document and reporting processes, and governance controls that help teams manage recurring regulatory submissions.
Integration depth is driven by data ingestion and interoperability features for operational systems used onboard and ashore. Admin controls focus on controlled access and oversight across workflows rather than only frontline tasking.
- +Governance-focused workflow design for recurring maritime reporting processes
- +Interoperability for moving operational inputs into compliance-oriented outputs
- +Document and record handling that supports audit-oriented operations
- +Extensibility options that fit organizations with multiple operational systems
- –Workflow configuration requires structured operational ownership
- –API coverage depends on specific integration pathways and data sources
- –Limited visibility into cross-vessel analytics when operating outside core templates
- –Automation breadth is strongest for ABS-aligned processes and documents
Best for: Fits when maritime teams need ABS-aligned reporting workflows with controlled governance and integration into existing operations.
Marlink
specialistMarlink provides maritime connectivity, managed IT, cloud services, and cybersecurity operations.
Managed ship-to-shore connectivity operations that support end-to-end data delivery for downstream reporting workflows.
Marlink delivers maritime connectivity and data services designed to run ship-to-shore workflows through managed communications. Its core capability is integrating vessel data streams with operational reporting and governance processes for chartering, compliance, and daily ship management.
The service focus centers on connectivity provisioning, device and network operations support, and API-led integration points for partner systems. Marlink fits teams that need reliable comms as the foundation for automation rather than only a standalone operations dashboard.
- +Managed connectivity provisioning for consistent ship-to-shore data delivery
- +Integration support for tying vessel systems into operational workflows
- +Operational support for network issues that block reporting and automation
- +Governance options suited to multi-vessel and multi-stakeholder environments
- –Operations breadth depends on add-on applications around connectivity
- –API and automation coverage can be narrower than vertical maritime suites
- –Workflow customization can require onboarding time and internal coordination
- –Cross-system data mapping effort can be significant for heterogeneous fleets
Best for: Fits when maritime teams need managed connectivity plus integration for operational reporting automation.
Viasat
enterprise_vendorViasat supplies maritime satellite connectivity and communication services for vessels and fleets.
Maritime-ready satellite connectivity designed to carry operational telemetry to shore systems for ongoing reporting.
Viasat is distinct in maritime SaaS execution because its core strength is satellite connectivity packaged with operational data delivery for ships at sea. The service supports ship-to-shore connectivity use cases that map to monitoring workflows like communications-backed reporting and network-reliability operations.
Integration effort tends to focus on telemetry ingestion and systems handoff rather than a full suite of voyage planning, maintenance, or document workflows. Teams evaluating maritime operations software should treat Viasat as a communications and data transport layer that can sit behind vessel management and reporting tooling.
- +Satellite communications integration for remote monitoring and data delivery
- +Operational focus on reliable ship-to-shore transport for onboard systems
- +Works as an enabling layer for existing maritime reporting workflows
- +Deployment pattern fits fleets that need consistent connectivity across regions
- –Limited coverage of voyage planning and passage planning workflows
- –API and automation surface depends on connectivity and telemetry integration
- –Governance controls are not as complete as core maritime software suites
- –Operational value depends on handset and network readiness on vessels
Best for: Fits when ship operations teams need dependable satellite-backed telemetry and reporting transport across a distributed fleet.
Aurenav
specialistAurenav provides maritime IT consulting, onboard network design, and cybersecurity advisory services for shipowners and management companies.
Configurable voyage execution workflows that tie operational events to structured reporting outputs.
Aurenav positions as maritime SaaS for connecting operational data across voyages, routes, and reporting workflows. The service centers on voyage-related planning and execution controls, with data capture and document handling designed for day-to-day ship operations.
Integration depth comes from ship-to-shore connectivity patterns and configurable workflows tied to operational events. Automation focuses on structured reporting outputs and process checkpoints rather than generic task management.
- +Strong configuration of voyage execution steps tied to operational events
- +Structured reporting workflows reduce manual collation across shifts
- +Integration options support ship-side inputs flowing into operations records
- +Document-centric handling supports audit trails for operational activities
- –RBAC and governance controls require careful setup for multi-department use
- –Some maritime specialty workflows are less mature than broader platform suites
- –API coverage can feel narrow for teams needing deep custom data transformations
Best for: Fits when maritime teams need structured voyage workflows and reporting with controlled ship-to-shore inputs.
Speedcast
enterprise_vendorSpeedcast delivers managed communications, network operations, and technology services for maritime operators.
Managed ship-to-shore service orchestration that links connectivity delivery with operational workflows for maritime reporting and communications.
Speedcast delivers maritime connectivity and ship-to-shore data services paired with managed applications for operational reporting and crew-facing communications. The service is built around satellite communications orchestration, site-to-site service management, and operational workflows that depend on reliable connectivity at sea.
Speedcast supports integration patterns that fit maritime IT operations, including provisioning for connected assets and governance over service instances. The main differentiator is the operational layer that ties connectivity delivery to maritime use cases like monitoring, reporting, and day-to-day ship communications.
- +Service-managed connectivity reduces handoff friction between comms and operations teams
- +Operational provisioning model supports adding and managing connected assets at scale
- +Extensible ship-to-shore workflows support recurring reporting and incident communications
- +Governance practices are geared toward maritime operations and communications continuity
- –Deeper maritime application coverage depends on integrating external systems and modules
- –API automation surface can be constrained by the managed service layers
- –Onboarding requires disciplined definition of vessel data flows and reporting events
- –Configuration effort rises for multi-tenant governance and cross-region operations
Best for: Fits when maritime operators need managed ship-to-shore connectivity plus operational reporting workflows tied to service governance.
Bureau Veritas Marine
enterprise_vendorBureau Veritas offers marine and offshore consulting covering regulatory compliance, environmental performance, and vessel operational efficiency.
Case-based compliance and document tracking that organizes evidence packs for surveys and audits.
Bureau Veritas Marine targets maritime operators that need regulatory and compliance workflows backed by a classification and verification organization. Its core capabilities center on managing vessel-related documentation, survey and statutory compliance coordination, and audit support across client operations.
The service is typically used through case and document workflows rather than as a vessel operations cockpit that replaces fleet and voyage systems. For teams that already run voyage planning and charter execution tools, it fits as a compliance layer that governs how marine evidence is collected, tracked, and presented.
- +Strong governance for vessel compliance evidence and document circulation
- +Workflow orientation supports survey and audit coordination around cases
- +Clear alignment with classification and statutory expectations for maritime documentation
- +Audit-friendly traceability for review teams handling evidence packs
- –Limited coverage for operational planning workflows like berth scheduling and passage planning
- –Automation depth depends on how marine documentation and case processes are mapped
- –Integration breadth is narrower than fleetwide operational SaaS suites
- –Requires disciplined document structuring to avoid duplicates across evidence sets
Best for: Fits when compliance evidence, survey coordination, and audit trails matter more than vessel operations planning.
Conclusion
After evaluating 10 technology digital media, Network Innovations stands out as our overall top pick — it scored highest across our combined criteria of features, ease of use, and value, which is why it sits at #1 in the rankings above.
Use the comparison table and detailed reviews above to validate the fit against your own requirements before committing to a tool.
How to Choose the Right maritime saas
Maritime saas in these provider cards centers on ship-to-shore execution workflows, governed reporting inputs, and managed connectivity that feeds downstream operational steps. Network Innovations leads with event-to-workflow linkage that turns operational occurrences into governed ship-to-shore process steps, and Navarino follows with change-tracked operational records that keep voyage execution updates auditable across roles.
The coverage set also spans cross-department voyage execution synchronization at NSSLGlobal, communications health tied to operational reporting gaps at Satcom Global, and ABS Group reporting workflows that map structured inputs into compliance-oriented submissions with governance controls. The list rounds out with managed connectivity models from Marlink, Viasat, and Speedcast, plus case-based compliance and document tracking at Bureau Veritas Marine.
Maritime SaaS for ship-to-shore voyage execution, compliance evidence, and managed connectivity
Maritime saas typically connects onboard operational occurrences to shore-side workflow steps so teams can coordinate voyage execution tasks, capture execution updates as auditable records, and produce structured outputs with controlled governance. Network Innovations focuses on event-triggered workflow linkage so ship office teams can avoid manual reentry when operational events change execution state.
In parallel, Navarino emphasizes change-tracked operational records for shared operational reporting across roles, while NSSLGlobal synchronizes voyage execution tasks and operational documents across departments to reduce coordination drift. Satcom Global and Marlink shift category weight toward managed ship-to-shore connectivity operations that treat communications delivery as a prerequisite for operational data availability in reporting workflows.
Maritime SaaS capabilities that show up in ship-to-shore execution
Ship-to-shore execution becomes useful when operational occurrences can transition into governed workflow steps instead of living as free-text updates. Network Innovations centers event-to-workflow linkage so ship office coordination changes execution state without manual reentry.
Voyage execution needs an auditable record trail when multiple roles update the same running plan. Navarino provides change-tracked operational records that keep voyage execution updates reviewable across roles and shifts.
Event-to-workflow automation tied to execution records
Network Innovations turns operational occurrences into governed ship-to-shore process steps with event-driven workflow automation. Navarino connects voyage events to execution records with configurable process automation that reduces repeated manual re-entry.
Cross-department synchronization of voyage tasks and documents
NSSLGlobal orchestrates voyage execution tasks and related operational documents so ship and voyage execution teams stay synchronized. This reduces coordination drift when multiple departments update the same voyage workflow state.
Managed ship-to-shore connectivity that maps comms health to operational reporting gaps
Satcom Global ties communications health to operational data availability for reporting and exception handling. Marlink also provides managed ship-to-shore data delivery so downstream operational reporting workflows can run on consistent data transfer.
Governance controls for recurring reporting workflows
ABS Group automates reporting workflows by tying structured inputs to compliance-oriented submissions with governance controls across users and steps. Bureau Veritas Marine organizes evidence packs for surveys and audits with case-based compliance governance and document circulation.
How to choose maritime SaaS for execution governance and ship-to-shore data flow
A fit decision should start with which part of the ship-to-shore chain needs control. Network Innovations and NSSLGlobal prioritize execution workflow governance, while Satcom Global, Marlink, and Viasat shift toward connectivity-backed telemetry delivery for reporting workflows.
Then evaluate how the system behaves when teams change the voyage execution state. Navarino focuses on change-tracked operational records for auditable updates, while Aurenav and ABS Group emphasize structured workflow configuration and governance controls for multi-step reporting outputs.
Decide whether execution starts from operational events or from pre-modeled workflows
Choose Network Innovations when execution state must follow event-to-workflow linkage so operational occurrences automatically move into governed ship-to-shore steps. Choose Aurenav when voyage execution requires configurable step wiring where operational events feed structured reporting outputs.
Validate auditability of updates across roles before scaling usage
Choose Navarino when change-tracked operational records must preserve auditable voyage execution updates across ship and shore roles. Choose ABS Group when governance must apply to recurring structured reporting steps that feed compliance-oriented submissions.
Assess whether cross-department document synchronization is required for the workflow to work
Choose NSSLGlobal when voyage execution tasks and operational documents must stay synchronized across departments to prevent workflow drift. If document circulation for surveys and audits is the primary objective, choose Bureau Veritas Marine and its case-based compliance evidence packs.
Treat connectivity as an operational dependency, not an add-on
Choose Satcom Global when communications health must directly drive exception handling and reporting gaps tied to operational data availability. Choose Marlink when managed connectivity provisioning must deliver consistent ship-to-shore data delivery that downstream reporting workflows can rely on.
Check the integration effort implied by the onboarding path
Choose Network Innovations when role mapping for workflow governance and ship-to-shore integration effort are acceptable and can be planned. Choose Navarino when initial onboarding depends on consistent integration event mapping that matches operational practices across vessels.
Who maritime teams should match with these maritime SaaS services
Organizations with distributed vessel operations need systems that keep ship office processes aligned with onboard events and communications delivery. Operators that require controlled ship-to-shore coordination and governed workflow transitions will find the most direct fit in Network Innovations and NSSLGlobal.
Teams focused on evidence management for compliance and audits should prioritize document circulation and case-based governance. Bureau Veritas Marine supports survey and audit evidence packs, while ABS Group targets structured inputs that flow into compliance-oriented submissions.
Multi-vessel operators running voyage execution coordination across ship and shore
NSSLGlobal supports cross-department synchronization for voyage execution tasks and related operational documents. Network Innovations supports event-to-workflow linkage that turns operational occurrences into governed ship-to-shore process steps.
Operators that must preserve auditable change history for running voyage execution records
Navarino keeps change-tracked operational records so voyage execution updates remain auditable across roles. This targets audit readiness for ongoing execution updates rather than only end-of-process reporting.
Fleet teams that treat satellite connectivity as a prerequisite for downstream reporting
Satcom Global ties communications health to operational data availability for reporting and exception handling. Marlink and Viasat also focus on managed ship-to-shore data delivery and satellite communications integration for remote monitoring telemetry transport.
Compliance-focused organizations coordinating surveys, audits, and evidence packs
Bureau Veritas Marine organizes evidence packs for surveys and audits with case-based document tracking and workflow orientation. This prioritizes governance over operational planning workflows like berth scheduling and passage planning.
Common failure modes when buying maritime SaaS for ship-to-shore execution
Buyers often misjudge where workflow governance complexity lands and how onboarding data mapping affects automation outcomes. Network Innovations, Navarino, and NSSLGlobal all depend on correct event-to-workflow alignment, but they handle the workflow mechanics in different ways.
Connectivity buyers also fail when they expect managed communications to automatically translate into complete operational coverage. Satcom Global and Marlink provide managed connectivity tied to operational reporting, but both still rely on integrations and data quality for reporting workflows.
Selecting a workflow-first tool without budgeting for governance setup and role mapping work
Network Innovations requires careful workflow governance setup and role mapping to prevent operational drift. NSSLGlobal also requires setup discipline for workflow depth when multiple departments participate in voyage execution tasks.
Assuming automation will work without consistent event mapping from operational systems
Navarino onboarding depends on consistent integration event mapping so changes land in the right execution records. NSSLGlobal automation also depends on data quality from sources feeding cross-department workflows.
Treating managed connectivity as sufficient for end-to-end voyage planning coverage
Satcom Global and Marlink emphasize managed ship-to-shore connectivity operations, but both can require add-on applications around connectivity for broader operational coverage. Viasat shows limited coverage of voyage planning and passage planning workflows compared with execution and reporting transport needs.
Buying evidence-case management when operational planning workflows are the primary workload
Bureau Veritas Marine focuses on compliance evidence and document tracking for surveys and audits, not operational planning like berth scheduling and passage planning. ABS Group supports governance for structured reporting workflows, but it is not a substitute for deep voyage execution planning.
How We Selected and Ranked These Providers
We evaluated Network Innovations, Navarino, and the rest of the shortlist on feature coverage, ease of operational adoption, and overall value with feature coverage weighted at 40 percent. Ease of use and value each received 30 percent weighting so the ranking favored providers that reduce operational rework while still supporting governed workflows.
Network Innovations ranked highest because event-to-workflow linkage ties operational occurrences into governed ship-to-shore process steps, which directly reduces ship office manual reentry when execution state changes. The next placement reflects Navarino’s change-tracked operational records for auditable voyage execution updates, and NSSLGlobal’s cross-stakeholder orchestration that synchronizes voyage execution tasks and related operational documents across departments.
Frequently Asked Questions About maritime saas
How do maritime SaaS platforms handle ship-to-shore integration for operational events?
Which provider is better for voyage execution records that multiple roles can audit later?
When does a team need cross-department workflow orchestration instead of single-department task lists?
What breaks if connectivity delivery fails for onboard telemetry and crew-facing reporting?
Which maritime SaaS option works best as a compliance and evidence layer on top of existing voyage systems?
How do admin controls and governance differ across maritime SaaS for operational workflows?
Which platform is most suitable when integrations prioritize operational reporting over full voyage planning coverage?
What onboarding setup typically depends on existing instrumentation and onboard device readiness?
Where does extensibility tend to show up first in maritime SaaS: workflow configuration, data model mapping, or connectivity operations?
Tools reviewed
Primary sources checked during evaluation.
Referenced in the comparison table and product reviews above.
Keep exploring
Comparing two specific tools?
Software Alternatives
See head-to-head software comparisons with feature breakdowns, pricing, and our recommendation for each use case.
Explore software alternatives→In this category
Technology Digital Media alternatives
See side-by-side comparisons of technology digital media tools and pick the right one for your stack.
Compare technology digital media tools→