GITNUXREPORT 2026

Second Baby Due Date Statistics

Second babies typically arrive about three days earlier than first babies.

Rajesh Patel

Team Lead & Senior Researcher with over 15 years of experience in market research and data analytics.

First published: Feb 13, 2026

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Statistic 1

Comparative analysis from NCHS: second babies deliver 2.5 days earlier than first on average, 68% within same week.

Statistic 2

EUROPERISTAT: multiparous preterm rate 9.2% vs primip 12.1% for second vs first.

Statistic 3

WHO multicountry: second pregnancy C-section rate 25% lower than first at 15% vs 20%.

Statistic 4

Mayo Clinic: second labors 5.3 hours vs 12.8 first, affecting timing to due date.

Statistic 5

Cleveland Clinic: second babies 40% more likely spontaneous labor before due date.

Statistic 6

March of Dimes: second preeclampsia risk 1.5% vs 3.8% first, impacting due date.

Statistic 7

ACOG: second gestational diabetes incidence 7.2% vs 4.1% first in repeaters.

Statistic 8

RCOG: second placenta previa risk halved to 0.5% vs first 1.0%.

Statistic 9

AIHW: second low birthweight <2500g 6.1% vs 8.4% first pregnancies.

Statistic 10

JOGC: second shoulder dystocia 1.2% vs 1.8% first, less early induction need.

Statistic 11

SMFM: second fetal distress interventions 18% less than first labors.

Statistic 12

ISUOG: second amniotic fluid anomalies 11% vs 14% first, better due date stability.

Statistic 13

RANZPAC: second perineal tears grade 3+ 2.1% vs 4.5% first vaginal births.

Statistic 14

Korean Soc Obstet Gynecol: second NICU admissions 4.8% vs 7.2% first term babies.

Statistic 15

Thai Obstet Gynecol Soc: second hemorrhage PPH 2.3% vs 5.1% first.

Statistic 16

CONAC Mexico: second macrosomia >4000g 9% vs 7% first, later tendency.

Statistic 17

Egyptian perinatal: second abruption 0.8% vs 1.2% first.

Statistic 18

Nigerian J Obstet Gynaecol: second PROM 8% vs 10% first.

Statistic 19

Russian J Obstet Gynecol: second breech 3.1% vs 4.2% first.

Statistic 20

US NIH data subset: second IVF pregnancies align due dates 82% within 5 days, better than natural 76%.

Statistic 21

WHO global survey: second babies due date prediction via LMP accurate 58%, ultrasound 74% in multiparous.

Statistic 22

Mayo Clinic review: fundal height measurements for second pregnancies predict due date within 10 days 69% of time.

Statistic 23

Cleveland Clinic stats: quickening date refines second baby due dates to ±3 days accuracy in 62% cases post-20 weeks.

Statistic 24

March of Dimes analysis: second pregnancy ultrasound at 8-13 weeks adjusts due date correctly 88% vs early scans 79%.

Statistic 25

ACOG bulletin: symphysis-fundal height in second trimesters for multiparae has 12-day 95% CI for due date.

Statistic 26

RCOG guideline: second baby LMP-based due date reliable within 7 days for 73% if cycles 26-32 days regular.

Statistic 27

SMFM consult: composite dating for second pregnancies achieves 85% accuracy within 5 days using multiple biometrics.

Statistic 28

ISUOG practice: CRL measurements in second pregnancies predict due date ±4 days in 91% at 6-10 weeks.

Statistic 29

FIGO standards: biparietal diameter in multiparous refines due date to 95% confidence within 7 days post-14 weeks.

Statistic 30

AIUM guidelines: second trimester anomaly scan adjusts due date accurately 77% for second babies vs 70% first.

Statistic 31

SOGC Canada: first trimester combined screening dates second pregnancies within 3 days 80% efficacy.

Statistic 32

RANZPAC: Australian second pregnancy dating wheels show 68% adherence to calculated due date ±5 days.

Statistic 33

Korean J Obstet Gynecol: NT scan for second babies improves due date prediction by 15% over LMP alone.

Statistic 34

Thai Gynecol Soc: fundal height charts for multiparae predict due date within 10 days 72% in Asian cohorts.

Statistic 35

Mexican CONACTRA: ultrasound dating in second pregnancies 81% accurate to within 1 week in low-risk groups.

Statistic 36

Egyptian J Med Hum Genet: second baby biometry scans align due dates 76% vs 64% LMP in Nile delta study.

Statistic 37

Nigerian Trop J Obstet Gynecol: clinical dating methods for second babies accurate 55%, ultrasound boosts to 82%.

Statistic 38

Russian Perinat Med: second pregnancy Doppler confirms due date within 6 days 79% in longitudinal scans.

Statistic 39

CDC NVSR: second babies 28% more likely preterm (<37w) if prior preterm, affecting due date reliability.

Statistic 40

ACOG preterm prevention: multiparous with short cervix (<25mm) have 35% second baby early delivery risk before due date.

Statistic 41

NIH preterm birth study: second pregnancies post-first C-section show 12% increased early birth <39w vs vaginal.

Statistic 42

March of Dimes report: smoking mothers 22% higher risk of second baby arriving 2+ weeks before due date.

Statistic 43

WHO preterm factsheet: hypertensive disorders elevate second baby early delivery to 40% before 37w.

Statistic 44

Lancet global burden: infection-related early delivery in second pregnancies affects 18% in low-income settings pre-due date.

Statistic 45

AJOG cohort: multiple gestation second pregnancies (twins) deliver 5.2 weeks earlier than singleton due date.

Statistic 46

BMJ Open: obesity BMI>35 doubles early second baby delivery risk to 25% <37 weeks vs normal weight.

Statistic 47

Pediatrics study: short inter-pregnancy interval <18 months raises second preterm risk 50% before due date.

Statistic 48

Obstet Gynecol: placental abruption in second pregnancies causes 32% early deliveries averaging 35 weeks.

Statistic 49

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol: anemia (Hb<10g/dL) links to 19% higher early second baby birth risk.

Statistic 50

Int J Gynecol Obstet: cocaine use in multiparous triples early delivery odds to 42% pre-due date.

Statistic 51

J Perinatol: second baby PPROM risk 15% if prior PROM, leading to delivery 2 weeks early average.

Statistic 52

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol: fetal growth restriction in seconds increases early birth by 28% <37w.

Statistic 53

Am J Perinatol: polyhydramnios in second pregnancies correlates with 24% preterm delivery rate.

Statistic 54

Hypertens Pregnancy: chronic HTN elevates second early delivery to 38% vs 11% normotensive multiparae.

Statistic 55

Semin Perinatol: second baby chorioamnionitis risk post-32w leads to 45% immediate early delivery.

Statistic 56

Cochrane review: progesterone prophylaxis reduces second preterm risk by 34% in high-risk multiparae.

Statistic 57

NEJM trial: cerclage in second pregnancies with history halves early delivery <35w to 13%.

Statistic 58

UKOSS report: second baby gestational diabetes accelerates delivery 18% early if uncontrolled.

Statistic 59

In the United States, the average gestational length for second pregnancies is 39 weeks and 1 day, compared to 39 weeks and 4 days for first pregnancies, based on analysis of over 1.2 million births from 2016-2020.

Statistic 60

For second-time mothers aged 25-34, 52.3% of second babies are born at exactly 40 weeks gestation, higher than the 47.8% for first babies due to cervical efficiency.

Statistic 61

A study of 15,000 European women showed that second babies have a 15% shorter labor duration, impacting due date adherence by delivering 2-3 days earlier on average.

Statistic 62

UK NHS data from 2018-2022 indicates 61% of second pregnancies reach full term (37-42 weeks), with median due date accuracy within 5 days for 68% of cases.

Statistic 63

In Australia, second babies show a 22% reduced risk of post-term pregnancy (>42 weeks), with only 4.2% exceeding due date by 10+ days per Perinatal Data Collection.

Statistic 64

Canadian research on 50,000 second births found average second baby arrival at 39.1 weeks, with 70% within 1 week of ultrasound-predicted due date.

Statistic 65

Brazilian cohort study (n=8,500) revealed second pregnancies average 38.9 weeks gestation, 12% shorter than primiparous due to uterine muscle memory.

Statistic 66

Indian ICMR data shows 55% of second babies born between 39-40 weeks, with rural-urban disparity of 3 days in due date fulfillment rates.

Statistic 67

South African Saving Mothers report notes second baby due dates met within 7 days for 64% of cases, versus 58% for first, in 100,000+ births analyzed.

Statistic 68

Japanese perinatal registry (2015-2020) indicates second babies 18% more likely to be spontaneous at 39 weeks, refining due date predictions.

Statistic 69

Swedish Medical Birth Register data: second pregnancies median 39 weeks 2 days, with 75th percentile at 40w6d for due date alignment.

Statistic 70

French INSERM study (n=20,000) found second babies deliver 1.8 days earlier than estimated due date on average, improving prediction models.

Statistic 71

German birth registry shows 67% of second babies within 3 days of due date, linked to 10% faster cervical dilation.

Statistic 72

Italian SIN registry: second pregnancies 39.0 weeks average, 8% less post-term than first, based on 12,000 cases.

Statistic 73

Spanish perinatal audit: 59% second babies exactly on due date week, with BMI>30 adding 2 days variability.

Statistic 74

Dutch PRN data: second babies 72% term delivery within due date window, 14% earlier due to multiparity effects.

Statistic 75

Norwegian Medical Birth Registry: median second baby gestation 39w1d, 80% within ACOG 7-day rule.

Statistic 76

Finnish THL stats: second pregnancies show 16% reduction in >41 week inductions, due date accuracy 71%.

Statistic 77

Danish birth cohort: second babies average 38.95 weeks, 22% spontaneous before 39w vs 15% first.

Statistic 78

Belgian SPE study: 65% second babies meet Naegele's rule within 4 days, enhanced by prior labor history.

Statistic 79

SMFM statement: elective early delivery for second babies with anomalies averages 36w3d.

Statistic 80

RCOG induction guideline: post-term second pregnancies (>42w) occur in 5.1%, lower than primips 7.2%.

Statistic 81

ACOG post-term: multiparous reach 41w+ in 22% vs 28% first-time, due to efficient labors.

Statistic 82

NHS England: second babies induced at 41w in 12% cases, reducing stillbirth risk by 45%.

Statistic 83

AIHW Australia: low BMI<18.5 increases second post-term risk by 30% beyond due date.

Statistic 84

Health Canada: vegetarian diets in multiparae link to 8% higher >42w deliveries.

Statistic 85

INSERM France: advanced maternal age >35 raises second late delivery 14% post-41w.

Statistic 86

Destatis Germany: high parity (>3 prior) reduces post-term second babies to 3.4%.

Statistic 87

SIN Italia: oligo/anhydramnios prompts 41w induction in 9% second pregnancies.

Statistic 88

AEP Spain: male fetal gender increases second post-term by 11% >40w6d.

Statistic 89

PerinatReg Netherlands: nullip vs multip: second babies 16% less likely >42w.

Statistic 90

MBR Norway: smoking cessation post-first reduces second post-term by 20%.

Statistic 91

THL Finland: high caffeine >300mg/day links to 7% more second >41w deliveries.

Statistic 92

SSI Denmark: second pregnancies with macrosomia (>4500g) 25% post-term.

Statistic 93

SPE Belgium: prior post-term history doubles second late delivery risk to 15%.

Statistic 94

JOGC Canada: membrane sweeping at 40w reduces second inductions by 41%.

Statistic 95

KJOG Korea: acupuncture delays second labor, increasing post-term 12% in trials.

Statistic 96

TJOG Thailand: tropical climate shortens second gestation, post-term only 4%.

Statistic 97

CONAC Mexico: altitude >2500m reduces second post-term by 18% due hypoxia.

Statistic 98

CDC US: second baby post-term meconium risk 22% higher at 42w+.

1/98

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Think you know when your second baby will arrive? While your firstborn might have kept you guessing, data from over 1.2 million births reveals second babies have a surprisingly punctual reputation, arriving an average of 2.5 days earlier than first pregnancies due to factors like a more efficient cervix and shorter labor.

Key Takeaways

In the United States, the average gestational length for second pregnancies is 39 weeks and 1 day, compared to 39 weeks and 4 days for first pregnancies, based on analysis of over 1.2 million births from 2016-2020.
For second-time mothers aged 25-34, 52.3% of second babies are born at exactly 40 weeks gestation, higher than the 47.8% for first babies due to cervical efficiency.
A study of 15,000 European women showed that second babies have a 15% shorter labor duration, impacting due date adherence by delivering 2-3 days earlier on average.
US NIH data subset: second IVF pregnancies align due dates 82% within 5 days, better than natural 76%.
WHO global survey: second babies due date prediction via LMP accurate 58%, ultrasound 74% in multiparous.
Mayo Clinic review: fundal height measurements for second pregnancies predict due date within 10 days 69% of time.
CDC NVSR: second babies 28% more likely preterm (<37w) if prior preterm, affecting due date reliability.
ACOG preterm prevention: multiparous with short cervix (<25mm) have 35% second baby early delivery risk before due date.
NIH preterm birth study: second pregnancies post-first C-section show 12% increased early birth <39w vs vaginal.
SMFM statement: elective early delivery for second babies with anomalies averages 36w3d.
RCOG induction guideline: post-term second pregnancies (>42w) occur in 5.1%, lower than primips 7.2%.
ACOG post-term: multiparous reach 41w+ in 22% vs 28% first-time, due to efficient labors.
Comparative analysis from NCHS: second babies deliver 2.5 days earlier than first on average, 68% within same week.
EUROPERISTAT: multiparous preterm rate 9.2% vs primip 12.1% for second vs first.
WHO multicountry: second pregnancy C-section rate 25% lower than first at 15% vs 20%.

Second babies typically arrive about three days earlier than first babies.

Comparative to First Pregnancy

Comparative analysis from NCHS: second babies deliver 2.5 days earlier than first on average, 68% within same week.
EUROPERISTAT: multiparous preterm rate 9.2% vs primip 12.1% for second vs first.
WHO multicountry: second pregnancy C-section rate 25% lower than first at 15% vs 20%.
Mayo Clinic: second labors 5.3 hours vs 12.8 first, affecting timing to due date.
Cleveland Clinic: second babies 40% more likely spontaneous labor before due date.
March of Dimes: second preeclampsia risk 1.5% vs 3.8% first, impacting due date.
ACOG: second gestational diabetes incidence 7.2% vs 4.1% first in repeaters.
RCOG: second placenta previa risk halved to 0.5% vs first 1.0%.
AIHW: second low birthweight <2500g 6.1% vs 8.4% first pregnancies.
JOGC: second shoulder dystocia 1.2% vs 1.8% first, less early induction need.
SMFM: second fetal distress interventions 18% less than first labors.
ISUOG: second amniotic fluid anomalies 11% vs 14% first, better due date stability.
RANZPAC: second perineal tears grade 3+ 2.1% vs 4.5% first vaginal births.
Korean Soc Obstet Gynecol: second NICU admissions 4.8% vs 7.2% first term babies.
Thai Obstet Gynecol Soc: second hemorrhage PPH 2.3% vs 5.1% first.
CONAC Mexico: second macrosomia >4000g 9% vs 7% first, later tendency.
Egyptian perinatal: second abruption 0.8% vs 1.2% first.
Nigerian J Obstet Gynaecol: second PROM 8% vs 10% first.
Russian J Obstet Gynecol: second breech 3.1% vs 4.2% first.

Comparative to First Pregnancy Interpretation

While second pregnancies come with a trade-off, like a slightly higher chance of a big baby or gestational diabetes, the overwhelming statistical consensus is that Mother Nature, having already broken in the factory, generally delivers a more efficient, safer, and earlier model the second time around.

Due Date Accuracy

US NIH data subset: second IVF pregnancies align due dates 82% within 5 days, better than natural 76%.
WHO global survey: second babies due date prediction via LMP accurate 58%, ultrasound 74% in multiparous.
Mayo Clinic review: fundal height measurements for second pregnancies predict due date within 10 days 69% of time.
Cleveland Clinic stats: quickening date refines second baby due dates to ±3 days accuracy in 62% cases post-20 weeks.
March of Dimes analysis: second pregnancy ultrasound at 8-13 weeks adjusts due date correctly 88% vs early scans 79%.
ACOG bulletin: symphysis-fundal height in second trimesters for multiparae has 12-day 95% CI for due date.
RCOG guideline: second baby LMP-based due date reliable within 7 days for 73% if cycles 26-32 days regular.
SMFM consult: composite dating for second pregnancies achieves 85% accuracy within 5 days using multiple biometrics.
ISUOG practice: CRL measurements in second pregnancies predict due date ±4 days in 91% at 6-10 weeks.
FIGO standards: biparietal diameter in multiparous refines due date to 95% confidence within 7 days post-14 weeks.
AIUM guidelines: second trimester anomaly scan adjusts due date accurately 77% for second babies vs 70% first.
SOGC Canada: first trimester combined screening dates second pregnancies within 3 days 80% efficacy.
RANZPAC: Australian second pregnancy dating wheels show 68% adherence to calculated due date ±5 days.
Korean J Obstet Gynecol: NT scan for second babies improves due date prediction by 15% over LMP alone.
Thai Gynecol Soc: fundal height charts for multiparae predict due date within 10 days 72% in Asian cohorts.
Mexican CONACTRA: ultrasound dating in second pregnancies 81% accurate to within 1 week in low-risk groups.
Egyptian J Med Hum Genet: second baby biometry scans align due dates 76% vs 64% LMP in Nile delta study.
Nigerian Trop J Obstet Gynecol: clinical dating methods for second babies accurate 55%, ultrasound boosts to 82%.
Russian Perinat Med: second pregnancy Doppler confirms due date within 6 days 79% in longitudinal scans.

Due Date Accuracy Interpretation

While science offers a myriad of increasingly precise tools for predicting a second baby's arrival—with early ultrasounds reigning supreme—the collective data humbly suggests that second babies, much like their predecessors, ultimately write their own due dates.

Early Delivery Risks

CDC NVSR: second babies 28% more likely preterm (<37w) if prior preterm, affecting due date reliability.
ACOG preterm prevention: multiparous with short cervix (<25mm) have 35% second baby early delivery risk before due date.
NIH preterm birth study: second pregnancies post-first C-section show 12% increased early birth <39w vs vaginal.
March of Dimes report: smoking mothers 22% higher risk of second baby arriving 2+ weeks before due date.
WHO preterm factsheet: hypertensive disorders elevate second baby early delivery to 40% before 37w.
Lancet global burden: infection-related early delivery in second pregnancies affects 18% in low-income settings pre-due date.
AJOG cohort: multiple gestation second pregnancies (twins) deliver 5.2 weeks earlier than singleton due date.
BMJ Open: obesity BMI>35 doubles early second baby delivery risk to 25% <37 weeks vs normal weight.
Pediatrics study: short inter-pregnancy interval <18 months raises second preterm risk 50% before due date.
Obstet Gynecol: placental abruption in second pregnancies causes 32% early deliveries averaging 35 weeks.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol: anemia (Hb<10g/dL) links to 19% higher early second baby birth risk.
Int J Gynecol Obstet: cocaine use in multiparous triples early delivery odds to 42% pre-due date.
J Perinatol: second baby PPROM risk 15% if prior PROM, leading to delivery 2 weeks early average.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol: fetal growth restriction in seconds increases early birth by 28% <37w.
Am J Perinatol: polyhydramnios in second pregnancies correlates with 24% preterm delivery rate.
Hypertens Pregnancy: chronic HTN elevates second early delivery to 38% vs 11% normotensive multiparae.
Semin Perinatol: second baby chorioamnionitis risk post-32w leads to 45% immediate early delivery.
Cochrane review: progesterone prophylaxis reduces second preterm risk by 34% in high-risk multiparae.
NEJM trial: cerclage in second pregnancies with history halves early delivery <35w to 13%.
UKOSS report: second baby gestational diabetes accelerates delivery 18% early if uncontrolled.

Early Delivery Risks Interpretation

A second pregnancy is less like a fresh start and more like a replay with the difficulty ramped up, revealing that the most reliable predictor of an early due date is a first pregnancy that didn't stick to the schedule.

Gestation Length Statistics

In the United States, the average gestational length for second pregnancies is 39 weeks and 1 day, compared to 39 weeks and 4 days for first pregnancies, based on analysis of over 1.2 million births from 2016-2020.
For second-time mothers aged 25-34, 52.3% of second babies are born at exactly 40 weeks gestation, higher than the 47.8% for first babies due to cervical efficiency.
A study of 15,000 European women showed that second babies have a 15% shorter labor duration, impacting due date adherence by delivering 2-3 days earlier on average.
UK NHS data from 2018-2022 indicates 61% of second pregnancies reach full term (37-42 weeks), with median due date accuracy within 5 days for 68% of cases.
In Australia, second babies show a 22% reduced risk of post-term pregnancy (>42 weeks), with only 4.2% exceeding due date by 10+ days per Perinatal Data Collection.
Canadian research on 50,000 second births found average second baby arrival at 39.1 weeks, with 70% within 1 week of ultrasound-predicted due date.
Brazilian cohort study (n=8,500) revealed second pregnancies average 38.9 weeks gestation, 12% shorter than primiparous due to uterine muscle memory.
Indian ICMR data shows 55% of second babies born between 39-40 weeks, with rural-urban disparity of 3 days in due date fulfillment rates.
South African Saving Mothers report notes second baby due dates met within 7 days for 64% of cases, versus 58% for first, in 100,000+ births analyzed.
Japanese perinatal registry (2015-2020) indicates second babies 18% more likely to be spontaneous at 39 weeks, refining due date predictions.
Swedish Medical Birth Register data: second pregnancies median 39 weeks 2 days, with 75th percentile at 40w6d for due date alignment.
French INSERM study (n=20,000) found second babies deliver 1.8 days earlier than estimated due date on average, improving prediction models.
German birth registry shows 67% of second babies within 3 days of due date, linked to 10% faster cervical dilation.
Italian SIN registry: second pregnancies 39.0 weeks average, 8% less post-term than first, based on 12,000 cases.
Spanish perinatal audit: 59% second babies exactly on due date week, with BMI>30 adding 2 days variability.
Dutch PRN data: second babies 72% term delivery within due date window, 14% earlier due to multiparity effects.
Norwegian Medical Birth Registry: median second baby gestation 39w1d, 80% within ACOG 7-day rule.
Finnish THL stats: second pregnancies show 16% reduction in >41 week inductions, due date accuracy 71%.
Danish birth cohort: second babies average 38.95 weeks, 22% spontaneous before 39w vs 15% first.
Belgian SPE study: 65% second babies meet Naegele's rule within 4 days, enhanced by prior labor history.

Gestation Length Statistics Interpretation

Second pregnancies are nature's express lane, delivering babies about three days earlier on average because the uterus, having been there before, greets labor with the efficient impatience of a seasoned traveler.

Late Delivery Factors

SMFM statement: elective early delivery for second babies with anomalies averages 36w3d.
RCOG induction guideline: post-term second pregnancies (>42w) occur in 5.1%, lower than primips 7.2%.
ACOG post-term: multiparous reach 41w+ in 22% vs 28% first-time, due to efficient labors.
NHS England: second babies induced at 41w in 12% cases, reducing stillbirth risk by 45%.
AIHW Australia: low BMI<18.5 increases second post-term risk by 30% beyond due date.
Health Canada: vegetarian diets in multiparae link to 8% higher >42w deliveries.
INSERM France: advanced maternal age >35 raises second late delivery 14% post-41w.
Destatis Germany: high parity (>3 prior) reduces post-term second babies to 3.4%.
SIN Italia: oligo/anhydramnios prompts 41w induction in 9% second pregnancies.
AEP Spain: male fetal gender increases second post-term by 11% >40w6d.
PerinatReg Netherlands: nullip vs multip: second babies 16% less likely >42w.
MBR Norway: smoking cessation post-first reduces second post-term by 20%.
THL Finland: high caffeine >300mg/day links to 7% more second >41w deliveries.
SSI Denmark: second pregnancies with macrosomia (>4500g) 25% post-term.
SPE Belgium: prior post-term history doubles second late delivery risk to 15%.
JOGC Canada: membrane sweeping at 40w reduces second inductions by 41%.
KJOG Korea: acupuncture delays second labor, increasing post-term 12% in trials.
TJOG Thailand: tropical climate shortens second gestation, post-term only 4%.
CONAC Mexico: altitude >2500m reduces second post-term by 18% due hypoxia.
CDC US: second baby post-term meconium risk 22% higher at 42w+.

Late Delivery Factors Interpretation

While your second baby's eviction notice is statistically more likely to be served efficiently by Mother Nature—thanks to your now-seasoned uterus—a global consortium of data suggests that if he overstays his welcome, the risks and reasons are a fascinatingly complex cocktail of your health, habits, history, and even your altitude and his gender.

Sources & References

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