Behind the impressive headline of a sector powering over a quarter of Romania's GDP lies a dynamic industrial landscape where manufacturing is accelerating, high-tech is rising, and green energy is surging.
Key Takeaways
- In 2022, Romania's industrial production index increased by 3.2% compared to 2021, driven by manufacturing growth.
- The industrial sector accounted for 25.1% of Romania's GDP in 2022, with a total value added of 152.4 billion EUR.
- Romania's industrial turnover reached 1,247 billion RON in 2022, up 18.5% from the previous year.
- In 2022, food manufacturing output increased by 5.2%.
- Textile industry production volume: 2.1 billion EUR in 2022.
- Chemical products manufacturing turnover: 15.4 billion RON in 2022.
- Installed thermal power capacity: 13,200 MW in 2022.
- Electricity production total: 55.4 TWh in 2022.
- Hydroelectric production: 20.1 TWh, 36% of total electricity in 2022.
- Copper ore production: 15,200 tons in 2022.
- Iron ore extraction: 1.2 million tons in 2022.
- Salt production: 2.4 million tons in 2022.
- Building construction volume index: 105.2% in 2022.
- Civil engineering works turnover: 45.6 billion RON in 2022.
- Number of buildings authorized: 67,500 in 2022.
Romania's industrial sector showed strong growth and a significant GDP contribution in 2022.
Construction Sector
- Building construction volume index: 105.2% in 2022.
- Civil engineering works turnover: 45.6 billion RON in 2022.
- Number of buildings authorized: 67,500 in 2022.
- Residential buildings completed: 72,000 units in 2022.
- Non-residential floor space completed: 4.2 million m² in 2022.
- Construction employment: 520,000 persons in 2022.
- Construction sector GDP contribution: 6.8% in 2022.
- Road construction investments: 15 billion RON in 2022.
- Value of construction works performed: 112 billion RON in 2022.
- New dwellings completed: 68,400 in 2022.
- Construction producer prices index: 118.4 in 2022.
- Number of enterprises in construction: 145,000 in 2022.
- Railway infrastructure investments: 3.2 billion EUR in 2022.
- Public construction spending: 22 billion RON in 2022.
- Housing starts: 75,200 authorizations in 2022.
- Industrial buildings floor space: 1.8 million m² completed.
- Construction exports of services: 1.1 billion EUR in 2022.
- Energy efficiency retrofits: 150,000 buildings in 2022.
- Bridge construction: 45 new structures in 2022.
- Average construction labor cost: 4,500 RON/month in 2022.
Construction Sector Interpretation
While Romania's construction sector is clearly building momentum—evidenced by a surge in new homes, roads, and even bridges—it's doing so while wrestling with rising costs, as the industry's GDP contribution of 6.8% is being constructed on a foundation of 520,000 workers navigating a producer price index that's outpacing the volume index.
Energy Sector
- Installed thermal power capacity: 13,200 MW in 2022.
- Electricity production total: 55.4 TWh in 2022.
- Hydroelectric production: 20.1 TWh, 36% of total electricity in 2022.
- Natural gas production: 9.2 billion cubic meters in 2022.
- Coal production for energy: 3.8 million tons in 2022.
- Renewable energy share in gross final consumption: 31.4% in 2022.
- Wind power capacity: 3,200 MW installed in 2022.
- Solar PV capacity: 1,800 MW in 2022.
- Nuclear electricity production: 13.5 TWh from Cernavoda in 2022.
- Final energy consumption: 32.4 Mtoe in 2022.
- Gas imports: 11.5 bcm in 2022.
- District heating production: 45 PJ in 2022.
- Energy productivity: 8.2 EUR per kg oil equivalent in 2022.
- Share of electricity from renewables: 42.6% in 2022.
- Oil refinery output: 4.9 million tons in 2022.
- Biomass energy production: 2.1 TWh in 2022.
- Energy imports dependency: 23.4% in 2022.
- Electricity exports: 1.2 TWh net in 2022.
- Geothermal energy production: 0.15 TWh in 2022.
- Crude oil production: 3.1 million tons in 2022.
- Lignite production: 12.4 million tons in 2022.
- Hard coal production: 0.3 million tons in 2022.
- Total primary energy supply: 38.7 Mtoe in 2022.
Energy Sector Interpretation
Romania is a surprisingly nimble energy contortionist, leaning heavily on its hydro backbone while juggling nuclear ambition, fossil fuel decline, and a renewable surge that has it outperforming many of its European neighbors, yet still nervously eyeing the gas import pipeline.
Extractive Industries
- Copper ore production: 15,200 tons in 2022.
- Iron ore extraction: 1.2 million tons in 2022.
- Salt production: 2.4 million tons in 2022.
- Gold production: 8.5 tons in 2022.
- Silver production: 120 tons in 2022.
- Construction sand and gravel extraction: 25 million m³ in 2022.
- Limestone quarrying: 18.3 million tons in 2022.
- Gypsum production: 0.9 million tons in 2022.
- Clay and kaolin extraction: 4.2 million tons in 2022.
- Dimension stone production: 1.1 million tons in 2022.
- Phosphate rock: 0.4 million tons extracted in 2022.
- Number of mining enterprises: 1,250 in 2022.
- Mining turnover: 12.7 billion RON in 2022.
- Employment in extractive industries: 28,000 in 2022.
- Mining investments: 2.8 billion RON in 2022.
- Value of mineral production: 5.4 billion EUR in 2022.
- Lead and zinc ore: 45,000 tons concentrate in 2022.
- Decorative stone exports: 150 million EUR in 2022.
- Bentonite clay production: 120,000 tons in 2022.
Extractive Industries Interpretation
Romania's mining sector, boasting over a thousand enterprises, is a modest but gritty multi-trick pony, steadily chiseling and hauling everything from glittering gold to humble gravel for a respectable European purse.
Manufacturing Subsectors
- In 2022, food manufacturing output increased by 5.2%.
- Textile industry production volume: 2.1 billion EUR in 2022.
- Chemical products manufacturing turnover: 15.4 billion RON in 2022.
- Metal products manufacturing employed 120,000 workers in 2022.
- Machinery and equipment production index: 108.5 (2022).
- Electrical equipment manufacturing exports: 4.2 billion EUR in 2022.
- Rubber and plastics products output grew 6.8% in 2022.
- Furniture manufacturing value added: 3.1 billion EUR in 2022.
- Pharmaceutical production: 1.8 billion EUR turnover in 2022.
- Basic metals production: 12.5 million tons in 2022.
- Computer, electronic and optical products grew 12.3% in 2022.
- Leather and footwear industry output: 450 million EUR in 2022.
- Paper and paper products manufacturing: 1.2 billion EUR value added.
- Non-metallic mineral products turnover: 18.7 billion RON in 2022.
- Fabricated metal products except machinery: 8.4 billion EUR exports.
- Beverage manufacturing production index up 3.9% in 2022.
- Motor vehicles manufacturing output: 450,000 units in 2022.
- Coke and refined petroleum products: 5.2 million tons processed.
- Other transport equipment manufacturing grew 7.1%.
Manufacturing Subsectors Interpretation
Romania's industrial engine is not only revving reliably, with cars, food, and metals providing a steady hum, but it's also shifting into a smarter gear, as evidenced by the double-digit spark in computers and electronics, proving the factory floor is getting a tech-infused upgrade.
Overall Industrial Production
- In 2022, Romania's industrial production index increased by 3.2% compared to 2021, driven by manufacturing growth.
- The industrial sector accounted for 25.1% of Romania's GDP in 2022, with a total value added of 152.4 billion EUR.
- Romania's industrial turnover reached 1,247 billion RON in 2022, up 18.5% from the previous year.
- Employment in the industrial sector stood at 1.2 million people in 2022, representing 22.3% of total employment.
- Industrial production in the processing industry grew by 4.1% year-on-year in December 2022.
- The mining and quarrying sector's production index was 98.7 in 2022 (base 2015=100).
- Electricity, gas, steam supply production decreased by 2.3% in 2022.
- Romania's industrial new orders index rose to 112.4 points in 2022.
- Capacity utilization in Romanian industry averaged 74.2% in 2022.
- Industrial producer prices increased by 21.7% in 2022.
- In Q4 2022, industrial production grew 1.8% month-on-month.
- The industry's contribution to exports was 78.4% of total exports in 2022.
- Energy intensity of industry was 0.28 toe per 1000 EUR value added in 2021.
- R&D expenditure in industry reached 1.2% of GDP in 2022.
- Number of industrial enterprises: 45,672 in 2022.
- Industrial accidents rate: 2.1 per 1000 employees in 2022.
- Value of industrial investments: 28.5 billion RON in 2022.
- Industrial sector's labor productivity: 45,200 EUR per employee in 2022.
- Share of medium-high tech manufacturing in industry: 42.3% in 2022.
- Industrial greenhouse gas emissions: 45.2 Mt CO2eq in 2021.
Overall Industrial Production Interpretation
Against a backdrop of rising costs and patchy energy supply, Romania's industrial engine sputtered forward in 2022, managing modest production gains powered by high-tech manufacturing while fueling the lion's share of exports, proving it remains the economy's vital—if somewhat wheezing and accident-prone—workhorse.
Sources & References
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