GITNUXREPORT 2026

Retail Statistics

Global retail growth continues, driven by online expansion and category leaders.

Alexander Schmidt

Alexander Schmidt

Research Analyst specializing in technology and digital transformation trends.

First published: Feb 13, 2026

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Key Statistics

Statistic 1

62% of U.S. consumers prefer in-store shopping for groceries, based on a 2023 survey of 10,000 shoppers.

Statistic 2

41% of shoppers abandon carts due to high shipping costs, from a 2023 analysis of 1.5 billion sessions.

Statistic 3

73% of millennials shop online weekly, per a 2023 Deloitte survey of 2,000 consumers.

Statistic 4

Average U.S. consumer spends $1,092 annually on clothing, from 2023 Numerator data tracking 100,000 households.

Statistic 5

55% of Gen Z shoppers use social media for product discovery, based on 2023 Piper Sandler survey of 13,000 teens.

Statistic 6

68% of consumers research products online before buying in-store, from 2023 Google/Ipsos study of 5,000 shoppers.

Statistic 7

Impulse purchases account for 40% of all retail sales, per 2023 KPMG study of 15,000 transactions.

Statistic 8

47% of U.S. shoppers use buy now, pay later services, from 2023 LendingTree survey of 2,000 adults.

Statistic 9

Loyalty program members spend 67% more than non-members, based on 2023 Bond Brand Loyalty report analyzing 50 million customers.

Statistic 10

59% of consumers prefer brands with sustainable practices, per 2023 NielsenIQ survey of 30,000 global shoppers.

Statistic 11

Mobile shopping app usage increased 28% in 2023, from App Annie data on 1 billion downloads.

Statistic 12

76% of consumers expect personalized recommendations, based on 2023 Salesforce survey of 8,000 shoppers.

Statistic 13

Average cart size for omnichannel shoppers is 30% higher than single-channel, per 2023 Harvard Business Review analysis.

Statistic 14

64% of baby boomers shop in-store exclusively for big-ticket items, from 2023 AARP study of 5,000 seniors.

Statistic 15

Price sensitivity rose to 82% among U.S. consumers in 2023, per McKinsey survey of 4,500.

Statistic 16

52% of shoppers use voice search for products, from 2023 Voicebot.ai report on 2,000 users.

Statistic 17

Women make 80% of consumer purchasing decisions, based on 2023 Boston Consulting Group analysis of $15 trillion spend.

Statistic 18

70% of consumers read reviews before purchase, per 2023 BrightLocal survey of 4,500.

Statistic 19

Hispanic consumers spend 20% more on groceries annually, from 2023 Nielsen data on 1 million households.

Statistic 20

45% of shoppers prefer curbside pickup post-pandemic, per 2023 FMI survey of 2,000 grocery shoppers.

Statistic 21

Gen X shoppers average 12 store visits per month, from 2023 Kantar data tracking 50,000.

Statistic 22

61% avoid brands with poor return policies, based on 2023 Returnly survey of 3,000.

Statistic 23

Urban shoppers spend 15% more on convenience items, per 2023 Urban Institute study of 10,000 city dwellers.

Statistic 24

Global e-commerce sales hit $6.3 trillion in 2023, representing 22% of total retail.

Statistic 25

U.S. e-commerce penetration reached 15.6% of total retail sales in 2023.

Statistic 26

Mobile commerce accounted for 60% of e-commerce sales in 2023, per Statista data.

Statistic 27

Amazon's marketplace sellers generated $200 billion in sales in 2023.

Statistic 28

Shopify merchant sales volume reached $235 billion in 2023.

Statistic 29

Cross-border e-commerce grew 26% to $785 billion globally in 2023.

Statistic 30

Social commerce sales hit $492 billion worldwide in 2023.

Statistic 31

U.S. online grocery sales reached $100 billion in 2023, up 10%.

Statistic 32

Live-streaming e-commerce generated $500 billion in China alone in 2023.

Statistic 33

Subscription e-commerce revenue was $120 billion in the U.S. in 2023.

Statistic 34

B2B e-commerce sales totaled $1.7 trillion in the U.S. in 2023.

Statistic 35

Voice commerce sales projected at $40 billion in the U.S. by 2023 end.

Statistic 36

AR/VR enhanced e-commerce conversion rates by 40% in 2023 pilots.

Statistic 37

Headless commerce adoption grew 35% among retailers in 2023.

Statistic 38

U.S. Cyber Monday online sales reached $12.4 billion in 2023.

Statistic 39

Global BNPL e-commerce transactions hit 1.2 billion in 2023.

Statistic 40

E-commerce logistics costs averaged 12% of sales in 2023.

Statistic 41

80% of e-commerce sites now offer same-day delivery options in 2023.

Statistic 42

Poshmark resale e-commerce sales grew 20% to $1.5 billion in 2023.

Statistic 43

Etsy gross merchandise sales were $13.2 billion in 2023.

Statistic 44

Alibaba Group digital commerce GMV hit $1.2 trillion in fiscal 2023.

Statistic 45

eBay gross merchandise volume was $73 billion in 2023.

Statistic 46

Global online fashion e-commerce sales reached $781 billion in 2023.

Statistic 47

U.S. retail employment totaled 15.8 million jobs as of March 2024.

Statistic 48

Retail sector accounted for 10.1% of U.S. nonfarm payrolls in 2023.

Statistic 49

Average hourly wage in U.S. retail trade was $21.50 in 2023.

Statistic 50

Retail turnover rate averaged 62% in 2023, per Deloitte survey.

Statistic 51

4.2 million retail jobs added in U.S. since pandemic low in 2023 data.

Statistic 52

Women comprise 47% of U.S. retail workforce, based on 2023 BLS data.

Statistic 53

Part-time workers make up 45% of retail employees in 2023.

Statistic 54

Retail managers earn median $55,000 annually in U.S. 2023.

Statistic 55

Cashiers number 3.4 million in U.S. retail, down 5% since 2020.

Statistic 56

Stockers and order fillers: 2.8 million jobs, growth 2% projected to 2032.

Statistic 57

First-line supervisors in retail: 1.6 million employed in 2023.

Statistic 58

Retail salespersons: 3.7 million jobs, median wage $30,600 in 2023.

Statistic 59

25% of retail workers are aged 16-24 in U.S. 2023.

Statistic 60

Union membership in retail at 4.6% in 2023 BLS data.

Statistic 61

Gig economy retail workers grew 15% to 1.2 million in 2023.

Statistic 62

Training hours per retail employee averaged 28 in 2023.

Statistic 63

Remote work in retail support roles at 12% in 2023.

Statistic 64

Diversity: 40% non-white retail workforce in U.S. 2023.

Statistic 65

Overtime hours in retail averaged 3.2 per week in peak seasons 2023.

Statistic 66

Employee satisfaction score in retail: 3.8/5 in 2023 Glassdoor data.

Statistic 67

Walmart employs 2.1 million in U.S. retail operations 2023.

Statistic 68

Amazon retail fulfillment centers employ 1.5 million globally 2023.

Statistic 69

Average tenure for retail workers: 2.8 years in 2023.

Statistic 70

Benefits coverage: 52% of retail workers have health insurance 2023.

Statistic 71

In 2023, total U.S. retail sales amounted to $7.04 trillion, reflecting a 3.3% year-over-year increase adjusted for seasonal variation.

Statistic 72

Global retail sales reached $28.3 trillion in 2022, with projections to hit $32.7 trillion by 2027 at a CAGR of 3.0%.

Statistic 73

Walmart generated $611.3 billion in revenue in fiscal year 2024, making it the world's largest retailer by sales.

Statistic 74

Amazon's retail segment sales grew 11% to $231.9 billion in Q4 2023.

Statistic 75

U.S. grocery store sales hit $1.02 trillion in 2023, up 2.1% from the previous year.

Statistic 76

Apparel retail sales in the U.S. totaled $369 billion in 2023, with online sales comprising 34%.

Statistic 77

Home improvement retail sales reached $492 billion in the U.S. in 2023.

Statistic 78

U.S. electronics and appliance store sales were $85.6 billion in 2023.

Statistic 79

Sporting goods retail sales in the U.S. grew to $58.2 billion in 2023.

Statistic 80

Health and personal care store sales in the U.S. amounted to $388 billion in 2023.

Statistic 81

U.S. general merchandise store sales hit $852 billion in 2023.

Statistic 82

Food service and drinking places sales reached $1.06 trillion in the U.S. in 2023.

Statistic 83

Global luxury goods retail sales were $1.1 trillion in 2023, up 8% from 2022.

Statistic 84

U.S. motor vehicle and parts dealers sales totaled $1.52 trillion in 2023.

Statistic 85

Furniture and home furnishings sales in the U.S. were $135 billion in 2023.

Statistic 86

Gasoline station sales in the U.S. amounted to $620 billion in 2023.

Statistic 87

Nonstore retailers sales grew 7.3% to $1.19 trillion in the U.S. in 2023.

Statistic 88

Department store sales declined 7.8% to $78.4 billion in the U.S. in 2023.

Statistic 89

U.S. retail sales excluding autos rose 3.8% in 2023.

Statistic 90

Costco Wholesale reported $242.3 billion in net sales for fiscal 2024.

Statistic 91

Target's revenue was $107.4 billion in fiscal 2023.

Statistic 92

Home Depot sales reached $152.7 billion in fiscal 2023.

Statistic 93

Lowe's Companies reported $86.4 billion in sales for fiscal 2023.

Statistic 94

Macy's net sales were $23.9 billion in fiscal 2023.

Statistic 95

Kohl's sales totaled $17.5 billion in fiscal 2023.

Statistic 96

Best Buy revenue was $46.3 billion in fiscal 2024.

Statistic 97

AutoZone sales reached $18.5 billion in fiscal 2024.

Statistic 98

U.S. retail e-commerce sales were $1.1 trillion in 2023, 15.6% of total sales.

Statistic 99

Global retail market size projected at $29.66 trillion in 2024.

Statistic 100

U.S. Black Friday sales hit $9.8 billion online in 2023.

Statistic 101

Global retail supply chain disruptions affected 78% of retailers in 2023.

Statistic 102

Average U.S. retail inventory turnover rate was 5.8 times in 2023.

Statistic 103

Global retail logistics market size reached $1.8 trillion in 2023.

Statistic 104

62% of retailers faced stockouts due to supply delays in 2023.

Statistic 105

Last-mile delivery costs averaged 53% of total logistics spend in 2023.

Statistic 106

RFID adoption in retail supply chains reached 45% in 2023.

Statistic 107

Average lead time for imported retail goods: 45 days in 2023.

Statistic 108

Sustainable packaging used by 55% of retailers in 2023.

Statistic 109

Blockchain pilots in retail supply chain: 28% adoption rate 2023.

Statistic 110

Warehouse automation investment grew 22% to $25 billion in 2023.

Statistic 111

Reverse logistics returns processed: 16.6% of U.S. e-commerce sales in 2023.

Statistic 112

Supplier diversification: 70% of retailers added new vendors in 2023.

Statistic 113

Cold chain logistics for retail groceries: $280 billion market 2023.

Statistic 114

Onshoring reduced supply chain costs by 12% for 40% of retailers 2023.

Statistic 115

AI forecasting accuracy improved 35% in retail supply chains 2023.

Statistic 116

Port congestion delays averaged 4.2 days per container in 2023.

Statistic 117

Micro-fulfillment centers grew 50% in number to 1,200 in U.S. 2023.

Statistic 118

Tariffs impacted 25% of retail imports costing $50 billion in 2023.

Statistic 119

Vendor compliance rates averaged 82% in retail audits 2023.

Statistic 120

Drone delivery trials covered 15% of urban retail zones in 2023.

Statistic 121

Inventory shrinkage due to theft: $112 billion in U.S. retail 2023.

Statistic 122

Global air freight for retail: 28 million tons in 2023.

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From global sales figures reaching into the trillions to the surprising fact that impulse purchases drive 40% of all transactions, the world of retail is a dynamic and data-rich ecosystem, as revealed by the latest industry statistics.

Key Takeaways

  • In 2023, total U.S. retail sales amounted to $7.04 trillion, reflecting a 3.3% year-over-year increase adjusted for seasonal variation.
  • Global retail sales reached $28.3 trillion in 2022, with projections to hit $32.7 trillion by 2027 at a CAGR of 3.0%.
  • Walmart generated $611.3 billion in revenue in fiscal year 2024, making it the world's largest retailer by sales.
  • 62% of U.S. consumers prefer in-store shopping for groceries, based on a 2023 survey of 10,000 shoppers.
  • 41% of shoppers abandon carts due to high shipping costs, from a 2023 analysis of 1.5 billion sessions.
  • 73% of millennials shop online weekly, per a 2023 Deloitte survey of 2,000 consumers.
  • Global e-commerce sales hit $6.3 trillion in 2023, representing 22% of total retail.
  • U.S. e-commerce penetration reached 15.6% of total retail sales in 2023.
  • Mobile commerce accounted for 60% of e-commerce sales in 2023, per Statista data.
  • U.S. retail employment totaled 15.8 million jobs as of March 2024.
  • Retail sector accounted for 10.1% of U.S. nonfarm payrolls in 2023.
  • Average hourly wage in U.S. retail trade was $21.50 in 2023.
  • Global retail supply chain disruptions affected 78% of retailers in 2023.
  • Average U.S. retail inventory turnover rate was 5.8 times in 2023.
  • Global retail logistics market size reached $1.8 trillion in 2023.

Global retail growth continues, driven by online expansion and category leaders.

Consumer Behavior

  • 62% of U.S. consumers prefer in-store shopping for groceries, based on a 2023 survey of 10,000 shoppers.
  • 41% of shoppers abandon carts due to high shipping costs, from a 2023 analysis of 1.5 billion sessions.
  • 73% of millennials shop online weekly, per a 2023 Deloitte survey of 2,000 consumers.
  • Average U.S. consumer spends $1,092 annually on clothing, from 2023 Numerator data tracking 100,000 households.
  • 55% of Gen Z shoppers use social media for product discovery, based on 2023 Piper Sandler survey of 13,000 teens.
  • 68% of consumers research products online before buying in-store, from 2023 Google/Ipsos study of 5,000 shoppers.
  • Impulse purchases account for 40% of all retail sales, per 2023 KPMG study of 15,000 transactions.
  • 47% of U.S. shoppers use buy now, pay later services, from 2023 LendingTree survey of 2,000 adults.
  • Loyalty program members spend 67% more than non-members, based on 2023 Bond Brand Loyalty report analyzing 50 million customers.
  • 59% of consumers prefer brands with sustainable practices, per 2023 NielsenIQ survey of 30,000 global shoppers.
  • Mobile shopping app usage increased 28% in 2023, from App Annie data on 1 billion downloads.
  • 76% of consumers expect personalized recommendations, based on 2023 Salesforce survey of 8,000 shoppers.
  • Average cart size for omnichannel shoppers is 30% higher than single-channel, per 2023 Harvard Business Review analysis.
  • 64% of baby boomers shop in-store exclusively for big-ticket items, from 2023 AARP study of 5,000 seniors.
  • Price sensitivity rose to 82% among U.S. consumers in 2023, per McKinsey survey of 4,500.
  • 52% of shoppers use voice search for products, from 2023 Voicebot.ai report on 2,000 users.
  • Women make 80% of consumer purchasing decisions, based on 2023 Boston Consulting Group analysis of $15 trillion spend.
  • 70% of consumers read reviews before purchase, per 2023 BrightLocal survey of 4,500.
  • Hispanic consumers spend 20% more on groceries annually, from 2023 Nielsen data on 1 million households.
  • 45% of shoppers prefer curbside pickup post-pandemic, per 2023 FMI survey of 2,000 grocery shoppers.
  • Gen X shoppers average 12 store visits per month, from 2023 Kantar data tracking 50,000.
  • 61% avoid brands with poor return policies, based on 2023 Returnly survey of 3,000.
  • Urban shoppers spend 15% more on convenience items, per 2023 Urban Institute study of 10,000 city dwellers.

Consumer Behavior Interpretation

The modern retail landscape is a thrilling paradox where shoppers crave the tangible feel of a grocery cart while simultaneously hunting for deals online, lured by social media and tempted by impulse buys, all while demanding sustainability, personalization, and seamless convenience, proving the only constant is the consumer's delightfully contradictory and supremely powerful desire to have it all, their way.

E-commerce Growth

  • Global e-commerce sales hit $6.3 trillion in 2023, representing 22% of total retail.
  • U.S. e-commerce penetration reached 15.6% of total retail sales in 2023.
  • Mobile commerce accounted for 60% of e-commerce sales in 2023, per Statista data.
  • Amazon's marketplace sellers generated $200 billion in sales in 2023.
  • Shopify merchant sales volume reached $235 billion in 2023.
  • Cross-border e-commerce grew 26% to $785 billion globally in 2023.
  • Social commerce sales hit $492 billion worldwide in 2023.
  • U.S. online grocery sales reached $100 billion in 2023, up 10%.
  • Live-streaming e-commerce generated $500 billion in China alone in 2023.
  • Subscription e-commerce revenue was $120 billion in the U.S. in 2023.
  • B2B e-commerce sales totaled $1.7 trillion in the U.S. in 2023.
  • Voice commerce sales projected at $40 billion in the U.S. by 2023 end.
  • AR/VR enhanced e-commerce conversion rates by 40% in 2023 pilots.
  • Headless commerce adoption grew 35% among retailers in 2023.
  • U.S. Cyber Monday online sales reached $12.4 billion in 2023.
  • Global BNPL e-commerce transactions hit 1.2 billion in 2023.
  • E-commerce logistics costs averaged 12% of sales in 2023.
  • 80% of e-commerce sites now offer same-day delivery options in 2023.
  • Poshmark resale e-commerce sales grew 20% to $1.5 billion in 2023.
  • Etsy gross merchandise sales were $13.2 billion in 2023.
  • Alibaba Group digital commerce GMV hit $1.2 trillion in fiscal 2023.
  • eBay gross merchandise volume was $73 billion in 2023.
  • Global online fashion e-commerce sales reached $781 billion in 2023.

E-commerce Growth Interpretation

While retailers scramble to perfect the art of virtual instant gratification, the numbers reveal a globe full of shoppers who, from their couches and commutes, have quietly voted with their thumbs to make e-commerce not just a channel, but the very foundation of modern commerce itself.

Retail Employment

  • U.S. retail employment totaled 15.8 million jobs as of March 2024.
  • Retail sector accounted for 10.1% of U.S. nonfarm payrolls in 2023.
  • Average hourly wage in U.S. retail trade was $21.50 in 2023.
  • Retail turnover rate averaged 62% in 2023, per Deloitte survey.
  • 4.2 million retail jobs added in U.S. since pandemic low in 2023 data.
  • Women comprise 47% of U.S. retail workforce, based on 2023 BLS data.
  • Part-time workers make up 45% of retail employees in 2023.
  • Retail managers earn median $55,000 annually in U.S. 2023.
  • Cashiers number 3.4 million in U.S. retail, down 5% since 2020.
  • Stockers and order fillers: 2.8 million jobs, growth 2% projected to 2032.
  • First-line supervisors in retail: 1.6 million employed in 2023.
  • Retail salespersons: 3.7 million jobs, median wage $30,600 in 2023.
  • 25% of retail workers are aged 16-24 in U.S. 2023.
  • Union membership in retail at 4.6% in 2023 BLS data.
  • Gig economy retail workers grew 15% to 1.2 million in 2023.
  • Training hours per retail employee averaged 28 in 2023.
  • Remote work in retail support roles at 12% in 2023.
  • Diversity: 40% non-white retail workforce in U.S. 2023.
  • Overtime hours in retail averaged 3.2 per week in peak seasons 2023.
  • Employee satisfaction score in retail: 3.8/5 in 2023 Glassdoor data.
  • Walmart employs 2.1 million in U.S. retail operations 2023.
  • Amazon retail fulfillment centers employ 1.5 million globally 2023.
  • Average tenure for retail workers: 2.8 years in 2023.
  • Benefits coverage: 52% of retail workers have health insurance 2023.

Retail Employment Interpretation

The American retail engine runs on a paradoxical mix of resilience and churn, employing over 15 million people who are predominantly part-time, youthful, and underpaid, yet whose collective dissatisfaction and fleeting tenure are masked by sheer numerical force and a post-pandemic hiring surge.

Sales and Revenue

  • In 2023, total U.S. retail sales amounted to $7.04 trillion, reflecting a 3.3% year-over-year increase adjusted for seasonal variation.
  • Global retail sales reached $28.3 trillion in 2022, with projections to hit $32.7 trillion by 2027 at a CAGR of 3.0%.
  • Walmart generated $611.3 billion in revenue in fiscal year 2024, making it the world's largest retailer by sales.
  • Amazon's retail segment sales grew 11% to $231.9 billion in Q4 2023.
  • U.S. grocery store sales hit $1.02 trillion in 2023, up 2.1% from the previous year.
  • Apparel retail sales in the U.S. totaled $369 billion in 2023, with online sales comprising 34%.
  • Home improvement retail sales reached $492 billion in the U.S. in 2023.
  • U.S. electronics and appliance store sales were $85.6 billion in 2023.
  • Sporting goods retail sales in the U.S. grew to $58.2 billion in 2023.
  • Health and personal care store sales in the U.S. amounted to $388 billion in 2023.
  • U.S. general merchandise store sales hit $852 billion in 2023.
  • Food service and drinking places sales reached $1.06 trillion in the U.S. in 2023.
  • Global luxury goods retail sales were $1.1 trillion in 2023, up 8% from 2022.
  • U.S. motor vehicle and parts dealers sales totaled $1.52 trillion in 2023.
  • Furniture and home furnishings sales in the U.S. were $135 billion in 2023.
  • Gasoline station sales in the U.S. amounted to $620 billion in 2023.
  • Nonstore retailers sales grew 7.3% to $1.19 trillion in the U.S. in 2023.
  • Department store sales declined 7.8% to $78.4 billion in the U.S. in 2023.
  • U.S. retail sales excluding autos rose 3.8% in 2023.
  • Costco Wholesale reported $242.3 billion in net sales for fiscal 2024.
  • Target's revenue was $107.4 billion in fiscal 2023.
  • Home Depot sales reached $152.7 billion in fiscal 2023.
  • Lowe's Companies reported $86.4 billion in sales for fiscal 2023.
  • Macy's net sales were $23.9 billion in fiscal 2023.
  • Kohl's sales totaled $17.5 billion in fiscal 2023.
  • Best Buy revenue was $46.3 billion in fiscal 2024.
  • AutoZone sales reached $18.5 billion in fiscal 2024.
  • U.S. retail e-commerce sales were $1.1 trillion in 2023, 15.6% of total sales.
  • Global retail market size projected at $29.66 trillion in 2024.
  • U.S. Black Friday sales hit $9.8 billion online in 2023.

Sales and Revenue Interpretation

The global retail ecosystem is a colossal, multi-trillion-dollar beast where Americans, forever in a spirited debate between Walmart's aisles and Amazon's algorithms, fuel a perpetual growth machine—even as they mournfully pass by the slowly fading department store windows on their way to spend another billion online for Black Friday.

Supply Chain and Logistics

  • Global retail supply chain disruptions affected 78% of retailers in 2023.
  • Average U.S. retail inventory turnover rate was 5.8 times in 2023.
  • Global retail logistics market size reached $1.8 trillion in 2023.
  • 62% of retailers faced stockouts due to supply delays in 2023.
  • Last-mile delivery costs averaged 53% of total logistics spend in 2023.
  • RFID adoption in retail supply chains reached 45% in 2023.
  • Average lead time for imported retail goods: 45 days in 2023.
  • Sustainable packaging used by 55% of retailers in 2023.
  • Blockchain pilots in retail supply chain: 28% adoption rate 2023.
  • Warehouse automation investment grew 22% to $25 billion in 2023.
  • Reverse logistics returns processed: 16.6% of U.S. e-commerce sales in 2023.
  • Supplier diversification: 70% of retailers added new vendors in 2023.
  • Cold chain logistics for retail groceries: $280 billion market 2023.
  • Onshoring reduced supply chain costs by 12% for 40% of retailers 2023.
  • AI forecasting accuracy improved 35% in retail supply chains 2023.
  • Port congestion delays averaged 4.2 days per container in 2023.
  • Micro-fulfillment centers grew 50% in number to 1,200 in U.S. 2023.
  • Tariffs impacted 25% of retail imports costing $50 billion in 2023.
  • Vendor compliance rates averaged 82% in retail audits 2023.
  • Drone delivery trials covered 15% of urban retail zones in 2023.
  • Inventory shrinkage due to theft: $112 billion in U.S. retail 2023.
  • Global air freight for retail: 28 million tons in 2023.

Supply Chain and Logistics Interpretation

The numbers paint a stark portrait of retail's balancing act in 2023: while technology and desperate agility are pushing efficiency forward, the stubborn realities of a chaotic world—from port delays to $112 billion in stolen goods—keep pulling the industry back, proving that for every two steps ahead in forecasting or automation, there’s still a costly and frustrating step sideways.

Sources & References