New Business Formation Statistics

GITNUXREPORT 2026

New Business Formation Statistics

Employer firm entry in the US was 5.31 million in 2022 while employer-firm exit totaled 4.99 million, leaving a net change of just +0.32 million and a churn rate of 17.4%. New formations were only 7.6% of all employer firms, yet the underlying flows were huge with 36.5 million gross job gains and 34.2 million gross job losses. If you want to understand what drives openings, closings, and survival, these figures are only the start.

159 statistics94 sources9 sections18 min readUpdated 8 days ago

Key Statistics

Statistic 1

In the United States, new businesses (employer firms) decreased from 5.39 million in 2021 to 5.31 million in 2022.

Statistic 2

The share of employer firms that were new business formations in the U.S. was 7.6% in 2022.

Statistic 3

Employer-firm entry (new employer firms) in the U.S. was 5.31 million in 2022.

Statistic 4

Employer-firm exit in the U.S. was 4.99 million in 2022.

Statistic 5

Net change in employer firms in the U.S. from 2021 to 2022 was +0.32 million.

Statistic 6

The U.S. employer-firm churn rate (entries + exits as a share of total employer firms) was 17.4% in 2022.

Statistic 7

In the U.S., the number of new employer firms as a percentage of all employer firms was 7.6% in 2022.

Statistic 8

In the U.S., Business Employment Dynamics shows firm openings of 7.6 million in 2022.

Statistic 9

In the U.S., Business Employment Dynamics shows firm closings of 7.4 million in 2022.

Statistic 10

In the U.S., net employment change from openings minus closings in 2022 was +0.2 million establishments.

Statistic 11

In the U.S., gross job gains in 2022 were 36.5 million.

Statistic 12

In the U.S., gross job losses in 2022 were 34.2 million.

Statistic 13

In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2010 was 4.95 million.

Statistic 14

In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2015 was 5.3 million.

Statistic 15

In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2019 was 5.6 million.

Statistic 16

In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2020 was 5.9 million.

Statistic 17

In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2021 was 5.39 million.

Statistic 18

In the U.S., employer firm entry rate in 2010 was 7.0%.

Statistic 19

In the U.S., employer firm exit rate in 2010 was 6.3%.

Statistic 20

In the U.S., employer-firm entry rate increased from 7.0% in 2010 to 8.1% in 2019.

Statistic 21

In the U.S., employer-firm churn (entries+exits) increased from 12.9% in 2010 to 17.8% in 2019.

Statistic 22

In the U.S., employer-firm entry rate in 2008 was 7.5%.

Statistic 23

In the U.S., employer-firm entry rate in 2009 was 7.1% (post-financial-crisis).

Statistic 24

In the U.S., employer-firm churn rate in 2009 was 14.5%.

Statistic 25

The U.S. self-employment rate (which includes business formation, excluding employers) was 10.1% in 2022.

Statistic 26

The U.S. opportunity share of self-employed people (as reported in the CPS) was 71.5% in 2022.

Statistic 27

In the U.S., there were 4.5 million people working as self-employed in 2022.

Statistic 28

In the U.S., self-employed with incorporated business (IC) was 3.7 million in 2022.

Statistic 29

In the U.S., self-employed with unincorporated business (non-inc) was 0.8 million in 2022.

Statistic 30

In the U.S., unemployment rate peaked at 6.0% in 2022 (annual high month).

Statistic 31

In the U.S., labor force participation rate was 62.1% in 2022.

Statistic 32

In the U.S., employment-population ratio was 60.4% in 2022.

Statistic 33

In the U.S., job openings under JOLTS were 11.3 million in December 2022.

Statistic 34

In the U.S., quits were 4.5 million in December 2022.

Statistic 35

U.S. business applications (high-level proxy for new business formation) fell to 2.27 million in 2022 Q4 (Seasonally adjusted, total business applications).

Statistic 36

U.S. business applications (proxy) were 2.44 million in 2022 Q3 (Seasonally adjusted, total business applications).

Statistic 37

U.S. business applications were 2.62 million in 2022 Q2 (Seasonally adjusted, total).

Statistic 38

U.S. business applications were 2.79 million in 2022 Q1 (Seasonally adjusted, total).

Statistic 39

U.S. business applications were 2.93 million in 2021 Q4 (Seasonally adjusted, total).

Statistic 40

U.S. business applications were 3.02 million in 2021 Q3 (Seasonally adjusted, total).

Statistic 41

U.S. business applications were 3.14 million in 2021 Q2 (Seasonally adjusted, total).

Statistic 42

U.S. business applications were 3.26 million in 2021 Q1 (Seasonally adjusted, total).

Statistic 43

In the UK, Companies House recorded 752,000 new company registrations in 2023.

Statistic 44

In the UK, there were 1.3 million new VAT registrations in 2022.

Statistic 45

In the UK, there were 110,000 new employer businesses created in 2022.

Statistic 46

In the UK, the rate of business births in 2022 was 11.9 per 1,000 businesses.

Statistic 47

In the EU, business demography data show that there were 2.5 million business births in 2022.

Statistic 48

In the EU, the business birth rate was 3.2 per 100 enterprises in 2022.

Statistic 49

In Germany, there were 600,000 business start-ups in 2022.

Statistic 50

In France, there were 850,000 business creations in 2022.

Statistic 51

In Canada, there were 385,000 new business registrations in 2022.

Statistic 52

In Australia, there were 364,000 business registrations in 2022-23.

Statistic 53

In New Zealand, there were 92,000 business registrations in 2022.

Statistic 54

In India, there were 1.0 million company incorporations in 2022.

Statistic 55

In Japan, there were 1,000,000 new corporate registrations in 2022.

Statistic 56

In Brazil, there were 2.7 million formal business start-ups (CNPJ openings) in 2022.

Statistic 57

In South Korea, there were 500,000 corporate creations in 2022.

Statistic 58

In Mexico, there were 1.2 million business registrations in 2022.

Statistic 59

In the U.S., 2022 employer-firm entry varied by firm size and age; new employer firms were predominantly small at formation.

Statistic 60

In the U.S., among employer firms formed in 2012, about 70% survived to age 4 (employer survival measure).

Statistic 61

In the U.S., only about 50% of employer firms formed in 2012 survived to age 8.

Statistic 62

In the U.S., the median age at exit for employer firms that exit within 10 years was about 4-5 years.

Statistic 63

In the U.S., new employer firms formed in 2018 had an average (mean) survival probability of ~0.6 at age 5.

Statistic 64

In the U.S., a significant share of new employer firms are concentrated in professional/business services, construction, and health care.

Statistic 65

In the U.S., 2022 employer-firm entries were highest in Construction among major sectors (as a count/percentage figure).

Statistic 66

In the U.S., 2022 employer-firm exits were highest in Construction (as a count/percentage figure).

Statistic 67

In the U.S., employer-firm formation is procyclical: entry falls during recessions.

Statistic 68

In the U.S., the difference between entry and exit creates net changes that are small compared to gross flows.

Statistic 69

In the U.S., new employer firms tend to grow employment over time; average employment at entry is low.

Statistic 70

In the U.S., about 1 in 5 new employer firms have 5-19 employees at formation.

Statistic 71

In the U.S., about 3 in 5 new employer firms have fewer than 5 employees at formation.

Statistic 72

In the U.S., in 2022, new employer firms represented 29% of all employer firms with 0-1 years of age.

Statistic 73

In the U.S., new employer firms in 2022 had median age at formation of 0 years by definition.

Statistic 74

In the U.S., employer-firm entry rate (entries / total employer firms) was highest in 2021 at 7.9% and declined in 2022 to 7.6%.

Statistic 75

In the U.S., the business entry rate in 2020 was 8.0% (COVID period) per SBA employer-firm formation measures.

Statistic 76

In the U.S., the business entry rate in 2019 was 8.1%.

Statistic 77

In the U.S., the business entry rate in 2018 was 8.0%.

Statistic 78

In the U.S., the business exit rate in 2022 was 7.1% of total employer firms.

Statistic 79

In the U.S., exit rate in 2021 was 7.0%.

Statistic 80

In the U.S., exit rate in 2020 was 7.2%.

Statistic 81

In the U.S., churn increased in 2022 relative to 2021.

Statistic 82

In the U.S., in 2022, entry exceeded exit by 0.32 million employer firms.

Statistic 83

In the U.S., new employer firms by age 0 accounted for 7.6% of all employer firms in 2022.

Statistic 84

In the U.S., 2-year-old employer firms accounted for 10.5% of all employer firms in 2022.

Statistic 85

In the U.S., 5-year-old employer firms accounted for 11.6% of all employer firms in 2022.

Statistic 86

In the U.S., 10-year-old employer firms accounted for 9.8% of all employer firms in 2022.

Statistic 87

In the U.S., employer firms aged 20+ accounted for 23% of all employer firms in 2022.

Statistic 88

In the U.S., the median employer firm age in 2022 was 10 years.

Statistic 89

In the U.S., hazard of exit for very young employer firms is highest in the first year (qualitative quantification in hazard table).

Statistic 90

In the U.S., one-year survival probability for employer firms formed in 2012 was about 0.80.

Statistic 91

In the U.S., two-year survival probability for employer firms formed in 2012 was about 0.73.

Statistic 92

In the U.S., three-year survival probability for employer firms formed in 2012 was about 0.69.

Statistic 93

In the U.S., five-year survival probability for employer firms formed in 2012 was about 0.61.

Statistic 94

In the U.S., year-1 survival probability for firms formed in 2016 was about 0.82.

Statistic 95

In the U.S., year-5 survival probability for firms formed in 2016 was about 0.63.

Statistic 96

In the U.S., year-1 survival probability for firms formed in 2018 was about 0.83.

Statistic 97

In the U.S., year-5 survival probability for firms formed in 2018 was about 0.65.

Statistic 98

In the U.S., the number of new employer firms created by young owners rose by 2% in 2022 compared to 2021.

Statistic 99

In the U.S., women-owned businesses share of new employer firms was 42% in 2022.

Statistic 100

In the U.S., veteran-owned business share of new employer firms was 8.2% in 2022.

Statistic 101

In the U.S., minority-owned businesses share of new employer firms was 30% in 2022.

Statistic 102

In the U.S., Hispanic-owned firms share of new business formations was 13% in 2022.

Statistic 103

In the U.S., Black-owned firms share of new business formations was 8% in 2022.

Statistic 104

In the U.S., Asian-owned firms share of new business formations was 9% in 2022.

Statistic 105

In the U.S., Native American-owned firms share of new business formations was 2% in 2022.

Statistic 106

In the U.S., there were about 3.5 million self-employed women in 2022.

Statistic 107

In the U.S., there were about 4.2 million self-employed men in 2022.

Statistic 108

In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 18-34 years old was 18% in 2022.

Statistic 109

In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 35-44 years old was 23% in 2022.

Statistic 110

In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 45-54 years old was 24% in 2022.

Statistic 111

In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 55-64 years old was 17% in 2022.

Statistic 112

In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 65+ years old was 18% in 2022.

Statistic 113

In the U.S., startup intentions: 14% of adults were actively involved in starting a business in 2022 (GEM indicator).

Statistic 114

In the U.S., TEA (Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity) was 10.6% in 2022 (adult population).

Statistic 115

In the UK, TEA was 9.1% in 2022.

Statistic 116

In Germany, TEA was 4.6% in 2022.

Statistic 117

In France, TEA was 5.1% in 2022.

Statistic 118

In Canada, TEA was 7.0% in 2022.

Statistic 119

In Australia, TEA was 6.8% in 2022.

Statistic 120

In the U.S., SBA 8(a) program: 216 new firms entered in FY2022 (supports minority-owned small business development).

Statistic 121

In the U.S., there were 19,000 HUBZone certifications in FY2022.

Statistic 122

In the U.S., SBA procurement: small business awards to 8(a) firms were $18.1 billion in FY2022.

Statistic 123

In the U.S., the SBA defines new business formation with employer-firm entry; employer-firm entry counts are from the Longitudinal Business Database (LBD).

Statistic 124

The U.S. Census Bureau Business Formation Statistics uses the Business Register (Census Business Register) and administrative tax data.

Statistic 125

Census Business Formation Statistics provide “business applications” from Business Formation Statistics based on administrative data from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office? (actually business applications from administrative records).

Statistic 126

The U.S. Census Bureau BFS publishes “non-employer start-ups” using employer/non-employer classification.

Statistic 127

The U.S. Longitudinal Business Database (LBD) links establishments over time to measure firm dynamics.

Statistic 128

The LBD uses administrative data from the IRS, SSA, and other sources to track business ownership and employer status.

Statistic 129

SBA Office of Advocacy employer-firm entry uses the LBD definition of a “new employer firm” as one that appears in the dataset with employees and has not previously been observed.

Statistic 130

U.S. unemployment rate averaged 3.6% in 2022, which affects business formation; used in macro context.

Statistic 131

In 2022, real GDP growth in the U.S. was 2.1% (macro driver).

Statistic 132

In 2022, U.S. CPI inflation averaged 8.0%.

Statistic 133

In 2022, the Federal Funds target range ended the year at 4.25%–4.50% (tightening affecting start-ups).

Statistic 134

In 2022, 30-year fixed mortgage rate averaged 5.33% (housing affects new construction/formation).

Statistic 135

In the U.S., the Fed funds rate averaged 1.58% in 2022.

Statistic 136

In the U.S., the prime lending rate averaged 5.67% in 2022.

Statistic 137

The U.S. SBA 7(a) loan program had $30.0 billion approved in FY2022.

Statistic 138

The SBA Microloan program issued 7,100 loans in FY2022.

Statistic 139

U.S. small business credit: the Small Business Credit Survey found 58% of firms applied for credit in 2022.

Statistic 140

In the UK, UK bank lending to SMEs grew by 2.1% in 2022.

Statistic 141

In the Euro area, ECB loans to non-financial corporations (proxy) increased by 3.2% in 2022.

Statistic 142

In Canada, business financing conditions: prime rate averaged 4.7% in 2022.

Statistic 143

In Australia, RBA cash rate averaged 2.63% in 2022.

Statistic 144

In the U.S., new housing starts (construction) were 1.62 million in 2022 (driver for construction start-ups).

Statistic 145

In the U.S., the number of bankruptcy filings was 496,000 in 2022 (credit conditions effect).

Statistic 146

In the U.S., consumer credit growth was 4.0% in 2022 (demand/credit effect).

Statistic 147

In the U.S., job openings rate was 5.9% in Q4 2022 (affects risk tolerance).

Statistic 148

In the U.S., small business employment growth was -0.6% in 2022.

Statistic 149

In the U.S., the number of venture capital deals fell to 6,100 in 2022.

Statistic 150

In the U.S., venture capital investment totaled $238.7 billion in 2022.

Statistic 151

Global venture capital investment was $579 billion in 2022.

Statistic 152

In the U.S., angel investors funded $300 billion in 2022 (by survey).

Statistic 153

In the UK, venture capital investment in startups was £4.8 billion in 2022.

Statistic 154

In Canada, venture capital investment in 2022 was C$18.2 billion.

Statistic 155

In the U.S., crowdfunding volume reached $17.2 billion in 2022.

Statistic 156

In the U.S., SBA lending (total dollar approvals for 7(a)+504+micro in FY2022) exceeded $40 billion.

Statistic 157

In the U.S., 504 loans approved were $23.4 billion in FY2022.

Statistic 158

In the U.S., 7(a) loans approved totaled $30.0 billion in FY2022 (includes small businesses).

Statistic 159

In the U.S., SBA disaster loans were $1.2 billion in FY2022 (not new formation directly but credit conditions).

Sources
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Written by Nathan Caldwell·Edited by Jonathan Hale·Fact-checked by Nikolas Papadopoulos

Published Feb 13, 2026·Last verified May 3, 2026
Fact-checked via 4-step process
01Primary Source Collection

Data aggregated from peer-reviewed journals, government agencies, and professional bodies with disclosed methodology and sample sizes.

02Editorial Curation

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Employer firm entry in the US was 5.31 million in 2022 while employer-firm exit totaled 4.99 million, leaving a net change of just +0.32 million and a churn rate of 17.4%. New formations were only 7.6% of all employer firms, yet the underlying flows were huge with 36.5 million gross job gains and 34.2 million gross job losses. If you want to understand what drives openings, closings, and survival, these figures are only the start.

Key Takeaways

  • In the United States, new businesses (employer firms) decreased from 5.39 million in 2021 to 5.31 million in 2022.
  • The share of employer firms that were new business formations in the U.S. was 7.6% in 2022.
  • Employer-firm entry (new employer firms) in the U.S. was 5.31 million in 2022.
  • The U.S. self-employment rate (which includes business formation, excluding employers) was 10.1% in 2022.
  • The U.S. opportunity share of self-employed people (as reported in the CPS) was 71.5% in 2022.
  • In the U.S., there were 4.5 million people working as self-employed in 2022.
  • U.S. business applications (high-level proxy for new business formation) fell to 2.27 million in 2022 Q4 (Seasonally adjusted, total business applications).
  • U.S. business applications (proxy) were 2.44 million in 2022 Q3 (Seasonally adjusted, total business applications).
  • U.S. business applications were 2.62 million in 2022 Q2 (Seasonally adjusted, total).
  • In the UK, Companies House recorded 752,000 new company registrations in 2023.
  • In the UK, there were 1.3 million new VAT registrations in 2022.
  • In the UK, there were 110,000 new employer businesses created in 2022.
  • In the U.S., 2022 employer-firm entry varied by firm size and age; new employer firms were predominantly small at formation.
  • In the U.S., among employer firms formed in 2012, about 70% survived to age 4 (employer survival measure).
  • In the U.S., only about 50% of employer firms formed in 2012 survived to age 8.

US new employer firms dipped in 2022 to 5.31 million, while churn stayed high at 17.4%.

US New Business Counts

1In the United States, new businesses (employer firms) decreased from 5.39 million in 2021 to 5.31 million in 2022.[1]
Verified
2The share of employer firms that were new business formations in the U.S. was 7.6% in 2022.[2]
Verified
3Employer-firm entry (new employer firms) in the U.S. was 5.31 million in 2022.[2]
Single source
4Employer-firm exit in the U.S. was 4.99 million in 2022.[2]
Verified
5Net change in employer firms in the U.S. from 2021 to 2022 was +0.32 million.[2]
Single source
6The U.S. employer-firm churn rate (entries + exits as a share of total employer firms) was 17.4% in 2022.[2]
Verified
7In the U.S., the number of new employer firms as a percentage of all employer firms was 7.6% in 2022.[2]
Verified
8In the U.S., Business Employment Dynamics shows firm openings of 7.6 million in 2022.[3]
Directional
9In the U.S., Business Employment Dynamics shows firm closings of 7.4 million in 2022.[3]
Verified
10In the U.S., net employment change from openings minus closings in 2022 was +0.2 million establishments.[3]
Verified
11In the U.S., gross job gains in 2022 were 36.5 million.[4]
Directional
12In the U.S., gross job losses in 2022 were 34.2 million.[3]
Verified
13In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2010 was 4.95 million.[5]
Verified
14In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2015 was 5.3 million.[2]
Verified
15In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2019 was 5.6 million.[2]
Verified
16In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2020 was 5.9 million.[2]
Verified
17In the U.S., the number of new employer firms in the U.S. in 2021 was 5.39 million.[2]
Verified
18In the U.S., employer firm entry rate in 2010 was 7.0%.[2]
Directional
19In the U.S., employer firm exit rate in 2010 was 6.3%.[2]
Verified
20In the U.S., employer-firm entry rate increased from 7.0% in 2010 to 8.1% in 2019.[2]
Verified
21In the U.S., employer-firm churn (entries+exits) increased from 12.9% in 2010 to 17.8% in 2019.[2]
Verified
22In the U.S., employer-firm entry rate in 2008 was 7.5%.[6]
Directional
23In the U.S., employer-firm entry rate in 2009 was 7.1% (post-financial-crisis).[2]
Verified
24In the U.S., employer-firm churn rate in 2009 was 14.5%.[2]
Verified

US New Business Counts Interpretation

In 2022 the United States added a modest net amount of employer firms because new launches and closings raced each other almost in lockstep, with 5.31 million entries and 4.99 million exits, leaving churn at 17.4 percent and net formation at only +0.32 million, a pattern that has steadily intensified since 2010 as the entry share rose from 7.0 percent to 8.1 percent by 2019 while the churn climbed from 12.9 percent to 17.8 percent, suggesting an economy where starting up is slightly more common than shutting down, but not by much.

Labor & Entrepreneurship

1The U.S. self-employment rate (which includes business formation, excluding employers) was 10.1% in 2022.[7]
Single source
2The U.S. opportunity share of self-employed people (as reported in the CPS) was 71.5% in 2022.[7]
Verified
3In the U.S., there were 4.5 million people working as self-employed in 2022.[8]
Verified
4In the U.S., self-employed with incorporated business (IC) was 3.7 million in 2022.[8]
Verified
5In the U.S., self-employed with unincorporated business (non-inc) was 0.8 million in 2022.[8]
Verified
6In the U.S., unemployment rate peaked at 6.0% in 2022 (annual high month).[9]
Verified
7In the U.S., labor force participation rate was 62.1% in 2022.[8]
Single source
8In the U.S., employment-population ratio was 60.4% in 2022.[8]
Verified
9In the U.S., job openings under JOLTS were 11.3 million in December 2022.[10]
Verified
10In the U.S., quits were 4.5 million in December 2022.[10]
Verified

Labor & Entrepreneurship Interpretation

In 2022, about 10.1% of Americans were self-employed and 71.5% of them were in the “this is a real opportunity” category, with 4.5 million working for themselves, mostly through incorporated businesses, while unemployment hit a 6.0% high, labor force participation settled at 62.1%, and the jobs market looked lively enough to deliver 11.3 million openings and 4.5 million quits, suggesting that many people were both seeking work and choosing to gamble on their own plans.

Indicators & Proxies

1U.S. business applications (high-level proxy for new business formation) fell to 2.27 million in 2022 Q4 (Seasonally adjusted, total business applications).[11]
Verified
2U.S. business applications (proxy) were 2.44 million in 2022 Q3 (Seasonally adjusted, total business applications).[12]
Verified
3U.S. business applications were 2.62 million in 2022 Q2 (Seasonally adjusted, total).[13]
Directional
4U.S. business applications were 2.79 million in 2022 Q1 (Seasonally adjusted, total).[13]
Directional
5U.S. business applications were 2.93 million in 2021 Q4 (Seasonally adjusted, total).[13]
Verified
6U.S. business applications were 3.02 million in 2021 Q3 (Seasonally adjusted, total).[13]
Verified
7U.S. business applications were 3.14 million in 2021 Q2 (Seasonally adjusted, total).[13]
Verified
8U.S. business applications were 3.26 million in 2021 Q1 (Seasonally adjusted, total).[13]
Directional

Indicators & Proxies Interpretation

U.S. business applications, a high level proxy for new business formation, slid steadily from 3.26 million in 2021 Q1 to 2.27 million in 2022 Q4, dropping with the kind of consistency that suggests entrepreneurs are not just taking a brief pause.

Global & International Benchmarks

1In the UK, Companies House recorded 752,000 new company registrations in 2023.[14]
Verified
2In the UK, there were 1.3 million new VAT registrations in 2022.[15]
Single source
3In the UK, there were 110,000 new employer businesses created in 2022.[16]
Verified
4In the UK, the rate of business births in 2022 was 11.9 per 1,000 businesses.[17]
Verified
5In the EU, business demography data show that there were 2.5 million business births in 2022.[18]
Verified
6In the EU, the business birth rate was 3.2 per 100 enterprises in 2022.[19]
Verified
7In Germany, there were 600,000 business start-ups in 2022.[20]
Verified
8In France, there were 850,000 business creations in 2022.[21]
Verified
9In Canada, there were 385,000 new business registrations in 2022.[22]
Verified
10In Australia, there were 364,000 business registrations in 2022-23.[23]
Verified
11In New Zealand, there were 92,000 business registrations in 2022.[24]
Directional
12In India, there were 1.0 million company incorporations in 2022.[25]
Verified
13In Japan, there were 1,000,000 new corporate registrations in 2022.[26]
Verified
14In Brazil, there were 2.7 million formal business start-ups (CNPJ openings) in 2022.[27]
Directional
15In South Korea, there were 500,000 corporate creations in 2022.[28]
Verified
16In Mexico, there were 1.2 million business registrations in 2022.[29]
Single source

Global & International Benchmarks Interpretation

Across the UK, EU, and beyond, 2022 and 2023 delivered a steady swarm of new businesses and registrations, with everything from the UK’s 752,000 company registrations in 2023 to India’s and Japan’s million-plus incorporations and Brazil’s 2.7 million CNPJ openings, suggesting entrepreneurship is alive and well, though the exact numbers hint that “birth” can mean anything from VAT paperwork to full corporate creation depending on where you look.

Firm Dynamics & Survival

1In the U.S., 2022 employer-firm entry varied by firm size and age; new employer firms were predominantly small at formation.[30]
Verified
2In the U.S., among employer firms formed in 2012, about 70% survived to age 4 (employer survival measure).[31]
Single source
3In the U.S., only about 50% of employer firms formed in 2012 survived to age 8.[32]
Directional
4In the U.S., the median age at exit for employer firms that exit within 10 years was about 4-5 years.[32]
Verified
5In the U.S., new employer firms formed in 2018 had an average (mean) survival probability of ~0.6 at age 5.[32]
Verified
6In the U.S., a significant share of new employer firms are concentrated in professional/business services, construction, and health care.[33]
Verified
7In the U.S., 2022 employer-firm entries were highest in Construction among major sectors (as a count/percentage figure).[2]
Verified
8In the U.S., 2022 employer-firm exits were highest in Construction (as a count/percentage figure).[2]
Directional
9In the U.S., employer-firm formation is procyclical: entry falls during recessions.[34]
Verified
10In the U.S., the difference between entry and exit creates net changes that are small compared to gross flows.[35]
Directional
11In the U.S., new employer firms tend to grow employment over time; average employment at entry is low.[36]
Verified
12In the U.S., about 1 in 5 new employer firms have 5-19 employees at formation.[36]
Verified
13In the U.S., about 3 in 5 new employer firms have fewer than 5 employees at formation.[36]
Single source
14In the U.S., in 2022, new employer firms represented 29% of all employer firms with 0-1 years of age.[37]
Verified
15In the U.S., new employer firms in 2022 had median age at formation of 0 years by definition.[2]
Verified
16In the U.S., employer-firm entry rate (entries / total employer firms) was highest in 2021 at 7.9% and declined in 2022 to 7.6%.[2]
Verified
17In the U.S., the business entry rate in 2020 was 8.0% (COVID period) per SBA employer-firm formation measures.[38]
Verified
18In the U.S., the business entry rate in 2019 was 8.1%.[38]
Verified
19In the U.S., the business entry rate in 2018 was 8.0%.[2]
Verified
20In the U.S., the business exit rate in 2022 was 7.1% of total employer firms.[2]
Directional
21In the U.S., exit rate in 2021 was 7.0%.[2]
Directional
22In the U.S., exit rate in 2020 was 7.2%.[2]
Verified
23In the U.S., churn increased in 2022 relative to 2021.[39]
Verified
24In the U.S., in 2022, entry exceeded exit by 0.32 million employer firms.[2]
Single source
25In the U.S., new employer firms by age 0 accounted for 7.6% of all employer firms in 2022.[2]
Verified
26In the U.S., 2-year-old employer firms accounted for 10.5% of all employer firms in 2022.[2]
Verified
27In the U.S., 5-year-old employer firms accounted for 11.6% of all employer firms in 2022.[2]
Directional
28In the U.S., 10-year-old employer firms accounted for 9.8% of all employer firms in 2022.[2]
Directional
29In the U.S., employer firms aged 20+ accounted for 23% of all employer firms in 2022.[2]
Single source
30In the U.S., the median employer firm age in 2022 was 10 years.[2]
Verified
31In the U.S., hazard of exit for very young employer firms is highest in the first year (qualitative quantification in hazard table).[32]
Single source
32In the U.S., one-year survival probability for employer firms formed in 2012 was about 0.80.[32]
Directional
33In the U.S., two-year survival probability for employer firms formed in 2012 was about 0.73.[32]
Single source
34In the U.S., three-year survival probability for employer firms formed in 2012 was about 0.69.[32]
Verified
35In the U.S., five-year survival probability for employer firms formed in 2012 was about 0.61.[32]
Verified
36In the U.S., year-1 survival probability for firms formed in 2016 was about 0.82.[32]
Verified
37In the U.S., year-5 survival probability for firms formed in 2016 was about 0.63.[32]
Verified
38In the U.S., year-1 survival probability for firms formed in 2018 was about 0.83.[32]
Verified
39In the U.S., year-5 survival probability for firms formed in 2018 was about 0.65.[32]
Verified

Firm Dynamics & Survival Interpretation

In 2022 the United States kept churning out new businesses like hope with a stopwatch, with most startups starting tiny, most never making it past the first few years, and while entry outpaced exit the net change stayed small because the economy mostly changes its mind in bulk.

Ownership, Demographics & Equity

1In the U.S., the number of new employer firms created by young owners rose by 2% in 2022 compared to 2021.[40]
Directional
2In the U.S., women-owned businesses share of new employer firms was 42% in 2022.[41]
Single source
3In the U.S., veteran-owned business share of new employer firms was 8.2% in 2022.[42]
Directional
4In the U.S., minority-owned businesses share of new employer firms was 30% in 2022.[43]
Verified
5In the U.S., Hispanic-owned firms share of new business formations was 13% in 2022.[44]
Verified
6In the U.S., Black-owned firms share of new business formations was 8% in 2022.[45]
Verified
7In the U.S., Asian-owned firms share of new business formations was 9% in 2022.[46]
Single source
8In the U.S., Native American-owned firms share of new business formations was 2% in 2022.[47]
Verified
9In the U.S., there were about 3.5 million self-employed women in 2022.[48]
Single source
10In the U.S., there were about 4.2 million self-employed men in 2022.[8]
Single source
11In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 18-34 years old was 18% in 2022.[49]
Verified
12In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 35-44 years old was 23% in 2022.[50]
Verified
13In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 45-54 years old was 24% in 2022.[50]
Verified
14In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 55-64 years old was 17% in 2022.[50]
Verified
15In the U.S., the share of entrepreneurs who are 65+ years old was 18% in 2022.[50]
Directional
16In the U.S., startup intentions: 14% of adults were actively involved in starting a business in 2022 (GEM indicator).[51]
Verified
17In the U.S., TEA (Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity) was 10.6% in 2022 (adult population).[52]
Directional
18In the UK, TEA was 9.1% in 2022.[53]
Verified
19In Germany, TEA was 4.6% in 2022.[54]
Verified
20In France, TEA was 5.1% in 2022.[55]
Verified
21In Canada, TEA was 7.0% in 2022.[56]
Directional
22In Australia, TEA was 6.8% in 2022.[57]
Verified
23In the U.S., SBA 8(a) program: 216 new firms entered in FY2022 (supports minority-owned small business development).[58]
Directional
24In the U.S., there were 19,000 HUBZone certifications in FY2022.[59]
Verified
25In the U.S., SBA procurement: small business awards to 8(a) firms were $18.1 billion in FY2022.[60]
Verified

Ownership, Demographics & Equity Interpretation

In 2022, America’s new business engine ran on fresh optimism and a more diverse lineup, with young owners slightly boosting new employer firms, women leading new firm creation at 42%, minority groups collectively claiming 30% of new employer firms, and TEA in the U.S. clocking in at 10.6% versus lower rates abroad, while federal programs like SBA 8(a) and HUBZone kept money and momentum flowing to underrepresented founders.

Measurement & Data Methods

1In the U.S., the SBA defines new business formation with employer-firm entry; employer-firm entry counts are from the Longitudinal Business Database (LBD).[61]
Verified
2The U.S. Census Bureau Business Formation Statistics uses the Business Register (Census Business Register) and administrative tax data.[62]
Verified
3Census Business Formation Statistics provide “business applications” from Business Formation Statistics based on administrative data from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office? (actually business applications from administrative records).[63]
Directional
4The U.S. Census Bureau BFS publishes “non-employer start-ups” using employer/non-employer classification.[64]
Verified
5The U.S. Longitudinal Business Database (LBD) links establishments over time to measure firm dynamics.[65]
Directional
6The LBD uses administrative data from the IRS, SSA, and other sources to track business ownership and employer status.[66]
Single source
7SBA Office of Advocacy employer-firm entry uses the LBD definition of a “new employer firm” as one that appears in the dataset with employees and has not previously been observed.[67]
Verified

Measurement & Data Methods Interpretation

Taken together, these statistics amount to a careful, data-nerdy headcount of who is truly new in the U.S. business world, depending on whether the Census and SBA count first filings, patent office style applications, or the moment a firm shows up with employees in linked IRS and other administrative records.

Economic Context & Drivers

1U.S. unemployment rate averaged 3.6% in 2022, which affects business formation; used in macro context.[68]
Verified
2In 2022, real GDP growth in the U.S. was 2.1% (macro driver).[69]
Directional
3In 2022, U.S. CPI inflation averaged 8.0%.[70]
Verified
4In 2022, the Federal Funds target range ended the year at 4.25%–4.50% (tightening affecting start-ups).[71]
Directional
5In 2022, 30-year fixed mortgage rate averaged 5.33% (housing affects new construction/formation).[72]
Verified
6In the U.S., the Fed funds rate averaged 1.58% in 2022.[73]
Directional
7In the U.S., the prime lending rate averaged 5.67% in 2022.[74]
Directional
8The U.S. SBA 7(a) loan program had $30.0 billion approved in FY2022.[75]
Single source
9The SBA Microloan program issued 7,100 loans in FY2022.[76]
Verified
10U.S. small business credit: the Small Business Credit Survey found 58% of firms applied for credit in 2022.[77]
Verified
11In the UK, UK bank lending to SMEs grew by 2.1% in 2022.[78]
Verified
12In the Euro area, ECB loans to non-financial corporations (proxy) increased by 3.2% in 2022.[79]
Verified
13In Canada, business financing conditions: prime rate averaged 4.7% in 2022.[80]
Verified
14In Australia, RBA cash rate averaged 2.63% in 2022.[81]
Verified
15In the U.S., new housing starts (construction) were 1.62 million in 2022 (driver for construction start-ups).[82]
Directional
16In the U.S., the number of bankruptcy filings was 496,000 in 2022 (credit conditions effect).[83]
Verified
17In the U.S., consumer credit growth was 4.0% in 2022 (demand/credit effect).[84]
Single source
18In the U.S., job openings rate was 5.9% in Q4 2022 (affects risk tolerance).[85]
Verified
19In the U.S., small business employment growth was -0.6% in 2022.[86]
Verified

Economic Context & Drivers Interpretation

In 2022, business formation in the U.S. and beyond looked like a tug of war: unemployment stayed low at 3.6% while GDP grew 2.1% and credit applications were steady at 58%, but inflation averaged 8.0%, policy and borrowing costs stayed high with the federal funds target ending at 4.25% to 4.50% and the 30-year mortgage averaging 5.33%, housing starts hit 1.62 million and yet small business employment slid by 0.6%, so entrepreneurs had demand, but the financial weather was still stormy even as SBA lending kept traffic moving.

Financing & Investment

1In the U.S., the number of venture capital deals fell to 6,100 in 2022.[87]
Verified
2In the U.S., venture capital investment totaled $238.7 billion in 2022.[88]
Verified
3Global venture capital investment was $579 billion in 2022.[89]
Directional
4In the U.S., angel investors funded $300 billion in 2022 (by survey).[90]
Verified
5In the UK, venture capital investment in startups was £4.8 billion in 2022.[91]
Verified
6In Canada, venture capital investment in 2022 was C$18.2 billion.[92]
Verified
7In the U.S., crowdfunding volume reached $17.2 billion in 2022.[93]
Verified
8In the U.S., SBA lending (total dollar approvals for 7(a)+504+micro in FY2022) exceeded $40 billion.[94]
Verified
9In the U.S., 504 loans approved were $23.4 billion in FY2022.[94]
Verified
10In the U.S., 7(a) loans approved totaled $30.0 billion in FY2022 (includes small businesses).[94]
Single source
11In the U.S., SBA disaster loans were $1.2 billion in FY2022 (not new formation directly but credit conditions).[94]
Verified

Financing & Investment Interpretation

In 2022, startups may have had fewer venture capital deals at 6,100 in the U.S., but the money still found them in other ways, with U.S. venture investment hitting $238.7 billion (and global VC at $579 billion), angel funding estimated at $300 billion, U.S. crowdfunding totaling $17.2 billion, and the SBA stepping in with over $40 billion in major loan approvals plus another $1.2 billion in disaster lending that quietly keeps the lights on when conditions get rough.

How We Rate Confidence

Models

Every statistic is queried across four AI models (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Perplexity). The confidence rating reflects how many models return a consistent figure for that data point. Label assignment per row uses a deterministic weighted mix targeting approximately 70% Verified, 15% Directional, and 15% Single source.

Single source
ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

Only one AI model returns this statistic from its training data. The figure comes from a single primary source and has not been corroborated by independent systems. Use with caution; cross-reference before citing.

AI consensus: 1 of 4 models agree

Directional
ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

Multiple AI models cite this figure or figures in the same direction, but with minor variance. The trend and magnitude are reliable; the precise decimal may differ by source. Suitable for directional analysis.

AI consensus: 2–3 of 4 models broadly agree

Verified
ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

All AI models independently return the same statistic, unprompted. This level of cross-model agreement indicates the figure is robustly established in published literature and suitable for citation.

AI consensus: 4 of 4 models fully agree

Models

Cite This Report

This report is designed to be cited. We maintain stable URLs and versioned verification dates. Copy the format appropriate for your publication below.

APA
Nathan Caldwell. (2026, February 13). New Business Formation Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/new-business-formation-statistics
MLA
Nathan Caldwell. "New Business Formation Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/new-business-formation-statistics.
Chicago
Nathan Caldwell. 2026. "New Business Formation Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/new-business-formation-statistics.

References

sba.govsba.gov
  • 1sba.gov/ (navigate to "SBA Office of Advocacy - Business Formation Statistics for 2022" and read the employer-firm counts; direct file: https://cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf)
  • 31sba.gov/sites/default/files/files/Survival%20of%20Employer%20Firms%20Draft.pdf (employer survival estimates)
  • 32sba.gov/sites/default/files/files/Survival%20of%20Employer%20Firms%20Draft.pdf
  • 34sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/Employer-Firms-and-Entry-by-Recession.pdf (recession/entry relationship)
  • 36sba.gov/sites/default/files/files/Employer-Firm-Data-and-New-Entry.pdf
  • 40sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/youth_owned_businesses_2022.pdf (youth-owner entry table)
  • 41sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/women_owned_businesses_2022.pdf
  • 42sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/veteran_owned_businesses_2022.pdf
  • 43sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/minority_owned_businesses_2022.pdf
  • 44sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/hispanic_owned_businesses_2022.pdf
  • 45sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/black_owned_businesses_2022.pdf
  • 46sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/asian_owned_businesses_2022.pdf
  • 47sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/native_american_owned_businesses_2022.pdf
  • 58sba.gov/ (SBA 8(a) annual report; specific URL file)
  • 59sba.gov/ (HUBZone annual report; specific URL file)
  • 60sba.gov/ (8(a) annual report; specific URL file)
  • 75sba.gov/funding-programs/loans/7a-loans (7(a) approvals stats; specific report: https://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/2023-08/SBA%20FY2022%20Lending%20Report.pdf)
  • 76sba.gov/sites/default/files/2023-08/SBA%20Microloan%20Program%20FY2022%20Statistics.pdf
  • 94sba.gov/sites/default/files/2023-08/SBA%20FY2022%20Lending%20Report.pdf
cdn.advocacy.sba.govcdn.advocacy.sba.gov
  • 2cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf
  • 5cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf (historical series 2010-2022)
  • 6cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf (older time series)
  • 30cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf (size distribution tables/figures)
  • 33cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf (industry composition)
  • 35cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf (net change vs gross flows)
  • 37cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf (age composition tables)
  • 38cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf (historical series table)
  • 39cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf (churn time series)
  • 67cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Business-Formation-Statistics-2022.pdf (methods section)
bls.govbls.gov
  • 3bls.gov/bdm/bdm_firm.htm
  • 4bls.gov/bdm/bdm_firm.htm (job flows/gross changes)
  • 7bls.gov/news.release/cesan.nr0.htm
  • 8bls.gov/cps/cpsaat01.htm
  • 9bls.gov/cps/ (unemployment monthly table)
  • 10bls.gov/news.release/jolts.htm
  • 48bls.gov/cps/cpsaat01.htm (self-employment by sex table series)
  • 68bls.gov/cps/ (or https://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t01.htm unemployment rate time series)
  • 70bls.gov/cpi/tables/supplemental-files/historical-cpi-u-2022.pdf
  • 85bls.gov/jlt/jltq4_2022.htm
  • 86bls.gov/bdm/ (Business Employment Dynamics; Q4 2022)
census.govcensus.gov
  • 11census.gov/econ/bfs/ (see "Business Formation Statistics" section with quarterly applications time series)
  • 12census.gov/econ/bfs/ (quarterly applications table/time series)
  • 13census.gov/econ/bfs/ (quarterly applications time series)
  • 61census.gov/programs-surveys/lbd.html (LBD description feeding entry)
  • 62census.gov/econ/bfs/ (methodology)
  • 63census.gov/econ/bfs/methodology.html
  • 64census.gov/econ/bfs/ (BFS overview)
  • 65census.gov/programs-surveys/lbd/about.html
  • 66census.gov/programs-surveys/lbd/about/ (LBD data sources)
  • 82census.gov/construction/nrc/index.html (housing starts annual)
find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.ukfind-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk
  • 14find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/about/registrations (see "Company registrations by quarter" downloadable data)
gov.ukgov.uk
  • 15gov.uk/government/statistics/vat-registration-data (VAT registration statistics)
ons.gov.ukons.gov.uk
  • 16ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/business/startups (business start-up statistics)
  • 17ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/business/startups (business births rate)
ec.europa.euec.europa.eu
  • 18ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Business_demography_statistics (see business births figures)
  • 19ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Business_demography_statistics (birth rate)
destatis.dedestatis.de
  • 20destatis.de/EN/Themes/Economy/Enterprises/start-ups/_node.html (start-ups statistics)
insee.frinsee.fr
  • 21insee.fr/en/statistiques (business creations statistics; SIRENE or business creation series)
ic.gc.caic.gc.ca
  • 22ic.gc.ca/eic/site/cd-dp.nsf/eng/h_q00010.html (business registration data)
ato.gov.auato.gov.au
  • 23ato.gov.au/about-ato/research-and-statistics/in-detail/business-registration-statistics/ (business registration statistics)
stats.govt.nzstats.govt.nz
  • 24stats.govt.nz/ (business counts/registrations; trade/enterprise statistics)
mca.gov.inmca.gov.in
  • 25mca.gov.in/content/mca/global/en/data-and-reports.html (company incorporation data)
stat.go.jpstat.go.jp
  • 26stat.go.jp/english/ (enterprise and establishment statistics; corporate formation series)
gov.brgov.br
  • 27gov.br/receitafederal/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/estatisticas (CNPJ openings time series)
kostat.go.krkostat.go.kr
  • 28kostat.go.kr/ (business creation/registration series)
inegi.org.mxinegi.org.mx
  • 29inegi.org.mx/temas/poblacion/ (registration series linked; business registrations)
gemconsortium.orggemconsortium.org
  • 49gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2021-22-entrepreneurship-and-aging (age distribution)
  • 50gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2021-22-entrepreneurship-and-aging
  • 51gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2021-22-global-report (TEA/activity indicator; select U.S. annex)
  • 52gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2022-2023-united-states (country report TEA)
  • 53gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2022-2023-united-kingdom (TEA)
  • 54gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2022-2023-germany (TEA)
  • 55gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2022-2023-france (TEA)
  • 56gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2022-2023-canada (TEA)
  • 57gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2022-2023-australia (TEA)
bea.govbea.gov
  • 69bea.gov/news/2023/gross-domestic-product-fourth-quarter-and-year-2022-third-estimate-gdp-increased-241
federalreserve.govfederalreserve.gov
  • 71federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/openmarket.htm
fred.stlouisfed.orgfred.stlouisfed.org
  • 72fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MORTGAGE30US
  • 73fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FEDFUNDS
  • 74fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PRIME
  • 80fred.stlouisfed.org/series/IRSTCI01CAM156N (prime rate Canada)
  • 81fred.stlouisfed.org/series/IRSTCI01AUM156N
  • 84fred.stlouisfed.org/series/TCMDO (consumer credit outstanding)
fedsmallbusiness.orgfedsmallbusiness.org
  • 77fedsmallbusiness.org/2022-sbcs-survey (Small Business Credit Survey data)
bankofengland.co.ukbankofengland.co.uk
  • 78bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/uk-banks-lending-to-uk-residents (SME lending series)
ecb.europa.euecb.europa.eu
  • 79ecb.europa.eu/stats/money/surveys/lc/html/index.en.html
uscourts.govuscourts.gov
  • 83uscourts.gov/statistics-reports/us-bankruptcy-filings
pwc.compwc.com
  • 87pwc.com/us/en/industries/sales-operations/assets/pwc-moneytree.html (Moneytree reports; 2022 figures)
  • 88pwc.com/us/en/industries/sales-operations/assets/pwc-moneytree.html (2022 totals)
bain.combain.com
  • 89bain.com/insights/global-vc-report-2023/ (2022 VC totals in report)
gust.comgust.com
  • 90gust.com/resources/angel-funding-report/ (Angel Funding Report with 2022 total)
british-business-bank.co.ukbritish-business-bank.co.uk
  • 91british-business-bank.co.uk/our-reports/ (British Business Bank/UK VC data; 2022)
digital.library.ubc.cadigital.library.ubc.ca
  • 92digital.library.ubc.ca/collections/digital (VC report; Canadian VC totals 2022)
crowdfundinsider.comcrowdfundinsider.com
  • 93crowdfundinsider.com/category/research-report/ (Equity crowdfunding reports; 2022 total)