India's domestic cement consumption reached 382 million tonnes last fiscal year, a 10 percent annual increase. The industry's 556 million tonne production capacity is the world's second largest, yet plants ran at just 74 percent utilization.
Key Takeaways
- India's domestic cement consumption in FY23 was 382 million tonnes, growing 10% YoY.
- Cement industry CO2 emissions: 8% of national total at 270 MT annually.
- India's cement exports in FY23 were 11.87 million tonnes, up 40% YoY.
- Indian cement industry market size reached USD 17.80 billion in FY23.
- India's total cement production capacity stood at 556 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) as of March 2023: June 2026, with private sector accounting for 96% of the total.
India’s cement industry has shown steady growth, driven by strong demand and expanding production capacity.
Related reading
01 · Category
Consumption and Demand26 stats
01
India's domestic cement consumption in FY23 was 382 million tonnes, growing 10% YoY.
02
Per capita cement consumption in India rose to 261 kg in FY23 from 238 kg in FY22.
03
Infrastructure sector accounts for 55% of cement demand in 2023.
04
Housing sector demand for cement: 25% of total in FY23.
05
April-February FY24 cement consumption up 10.5% to 308 MT.
06
Urban demand growth for cement at 8% CAGR FY18-23.
07
Rural housing drives 15% of cement consumption growth in FY23.
08
Cement demand from roads & highways: 20% in FY23.
09
Projected cement demand FY24: 400-410 MT.
10
Per capita consumption lags global average of 590 kg.
11
Industrial sector cement use: 10% of total demand FY23.
12
Government capex boosted cement demand by 12% in FY23.
13
Monthly consumption March 2023: 32.5 MT.
14
Real estate sector demand growth: 7% in FY23.
15
Cement demand elasticity to GDP growth: 1.5x in India.
16
North-East region consumption growth: 15% YoY FY23.
17
PMAY scheme to drive 20 MT additional demand by FY25.
18
Hydropower projects demand: 5 MT cement annually.
19
Airport construction: 2 MT cement demand in FY23.
20
Metro rail projects consume 10 MT cement yearly.
21
Smart cities initiative: projected 15 MT demand boost.
22
Steel plant expansions demand 3 MT cement in FY23.
23
Irrigation projects: 8% of total cement demand.
24
Defence infra demand growth: 10% in FY23.
25
Cement demand from ports & shipyards: 4 MT annually.
26
FY24 Q1 consumption growth: 12% YoY.
Interpretation
Consumption and Demand Interpretation
India is building itself out of a per capita cement deficit at a blistering pace, with government infrastructure acting as the primary accelerator, yet each citizen still only gets a fraction of the global concrete pie.
02 · Category
Environmental and Sustainability29 stats
01
Cement industry CO2 emissions: 8% of national total at 270 MT annually.
02
Waste co-processing in kilns: 2.5 million tonnes in FY23.
03
Green cement production: 20% of total blended varieties.
04
Water consumption reduced to 88 litres per tonne in FY23.
05
50 cement plants certified for zero liquid discharge.
06
Fly ash utilisation: 75% of generated 200 MT.
07
Renewable energy use: 15% of total power in industry FY23.
08
Afforestation: 1.5 million trees planted by industry in 2023.
09
Thermal substitution rate: 12% with AFR in FY23.
10
Carbon capture initiatives: pilots at 5 plants.
11
Dust emission standards compliance: 95% plants.
12
Solar power capacity in cement: 1 GW cumulative.
13
Slag cement production: 30 MT using steel waste.
14
GHG emissions intensity: 0.72 tCO2/tonne cement.
15
Hazardous waste utilisation: 100% in kilns.
16
Energy efficiency: 75 kWh/tonne clinker average.
17
Plastic waste co-processing: 0.5 MT annually.
18
CSR spend on environment: Rs 500 crore in FY23.
19
Limestone mining reclamation: 80% area restored.
20
Green bonds issued: Rs 2,000 crore by cement firms.
21
NOx emissions reduced 20% post upgradation.
22
Biomass usage in kilns: 2% thermal substitution.
23
ISO 14001 certified plants: 90% of industry.
24
Water recycling rate: 85% in operations.
25
PM emissions limit: 30 mg/Nm3 compliance.
26
Electric vehicle adoption in logistics: 5% fleet.
27
Net zero targets: 2050 by major players.
28
Tyre-derived fuel usage: 0.3 MT in FY23.
29
Biodiversity conservation areas: 10,000 ha.
Interpretation
Environmental and Sustainability Interpretation
India's cement industry is striving to become a circular economy champion, yet it remains a colossal carbon heavyweight, balancing its 8% share of the nation's emissions with a portfolio of genuinely impressive green innovations from afforestation to zero liquid discharge.
03 · Category
Exports and Imports30 stats
01
India's cement exports in FY23 were 11.87 million tonnes, up 40% YoY.
02
Cement imports into India FY23: 1.9 million tonnes, down 20%.
03
Top export destination: Bangladesh with 3.5 MT in FY23.
04
Sri Lanka imports from India: 2.1 MT cement in 2023.
05
Nepal cement imports from India: 2.8 MT in FY23.
06
UAE received 1.2 MT Indian cement exports FY23.
07
Exports value FY23: USD 750 million.
08
Clinker exports: 6.5 MT in FY23.
09
Imports mainly from China: 0.8 MT in FY23.
10
Myanmar exports from India: 0.9 MT FY23.
11
April-Feb FY24 cement exports: 9.6 MT, up 25%.
12
Indonesia imports Indian clinker: 1 MT annually.
13
Export share in production: 3.1% in FY23.
14
Duty on cement imports: 7.5% basic customs.
15
South Asian exports: 70% of total Indian cement exports.
16
Clinker export ban lifted partially in 2023.
17
USA imports negligible: 0.1 MT from India FY23.
18
Import substitution rate: 85% domestic production.
19
Exports to Africa: 0.5 MT in FY23.
20
Vietnam clinker imports from India: 0.7 MT.
21
Export logistics cost: USD 30 per tonne.
22
Imports growth projected negative in FY24.
23
Bangladesh market share of Indian exports: 30%.
24
Duty drawback on cement exports: 0.85%.
25
Middle East exports: 15% of total FY23.
26
Cement export terminals: 5 major ones operational.
27
India's clinker exports to Philippines: 0.4 MT FY23.
28
Import from Pakistan: minimal at 0.05 MT.
29
Export promotion councils support: EPPC.
30
FY22 exports were 8.42 MT.
Interpretation
Exports and Imports Interpretation
India’s cement industry has firmly pivoted to Asia, building a formidable export fortress while letting its own import drawbridge rust nearly shut.
More related reading
04 · Category
Financial and Economic Indicators26 stats
01
Indian cement industry market size reached USD 17.80 billion in FY23.
02
Cement sector revenue grew 12% to Rs 1.6 lakh crore in FY23.
03
EBITDA margins for cement firms averaged 18.5% in FY23.
04
UltraTech Cement revenue FY23: Rs 57,000 crore.
05
Industry net debt to EBITDA ratio: 2.8x in FY23.
06
Cement prices rose 10% on average in FY23.
07
Total industry capex in FY23: Rs 12,000 crore.
08
RoCE for top cement cos: 15% in FY23.
09
Logistics cost in cement: 16% of total expenses FY23.
10
Power cost share in production: 30% in FY23.
11
Raw material costs down 5% YoY in FY23 due to petcoke prices.
12
Cement exports realisation: USD 50 per tonne in 2023.
13
Tax collections from cement industry: Rs 20,000 crore GST in FY23.
14
Market cap of top 10 cement firms: Rs 5 lakh crore in 2023.
15
Dividend payout ratio average: 25% in FY23.
16
Fuel cost per tonne: Rs 1,200 in FY23.
17
Employee cost: 3% of total expenses in industry.
18
Profit after tax growth: 25% for sector in FY23.
19
Debt reduction: Rs 10,000 crore by major players FY23.
20
Average realisation per tonne: Rs 6,200 in FY23.
21
Royalty payments to states: Rs 5,000 crore annually.
22
Forex earnings from exports: USD 1 billion in FY23.
23
Insurance premiums for industry: Rs 2,000 crore.
24
R&D spend: 0.5% of revenue in leading firms.
25
Stock turnover ratio: 1.2x for cement equities.
26
EV/EBITDA multiple: 12x for sector in 2023.
Interpretation
Financial and Economic Indicators Interpretation
The Indian cement industry, a sturdy behemoth, is building a solid foundation of profitability—evidenced by its 18.5% margins and 12x valuations—but remains tethered to the volatile economics of power and logistics, which together claim nearly half its costs.
05 · Category
Production and Capacity30 stats
01
India's total cement production capacity stood at 556 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) as of March 2023: June 2026, with private sector accounting for 96% of the total.
02
In FY23, cement production in India was 378.9 million tonnes, up 9.2% from 347.33 million tonnes in FY22.
03
Southern region holds 34% of India's total cement capacity at 189 MTPA in 2023.
04
UltraTech Cement, largest producer, had a capacity of 130.79 MTPA as of FY23 end.
05
India's cement production grew at a CAGR of 6.5% from FY18 to FY23.
06
Eastern region cement capacity was 120 MTPA in 2023, contributing 22% to national total.
07
During April-February FY24, cement production reached 307.3 million tonnes, up 11.2% YoY.
08
India's clinker production in FY23 was 284 million tonnes.
09
Capacity utilisation in Indian cement industry averaged 74% in FY23.
10
Over 200 cement plants operate in India with more than 210 large cement plants.
11
Northern region cement capacity at 130 MTPA, 23% of total in 2023.
12
FY22 cement production was 347.33 million tonnes, 11% growth over FY21.
13
Top 5 cement companies control 54% of India's installed capacity in 2023.
14
India's cement grinding capacity expanded by 15 MTPA in FY23.
15
Central region capacity 65 MTPA, 12% share in 2023.
16
Monthly cement production in March 2023 was 31.95 million tonnes.
17
India ranks 2nd globally in cement production with 378 MT in 2023.
18
Western region capacity 52 MTPA, 9% of total.
19
New capacity additions planned: 60 MTPA by FY25.
20
Portland cement accounts for 70% of total production in India.
21
Clinker capacity utilisation at 78% in FY23.
22
India has 1.3 billion tonnes of limestone reserves for cement.
23
55 integrated cement plants and 140 grinding units in operation.
24
Capacity in Rajasthan state: 80 MTPA, largest single state.
25
FY21 production dipped to 313 MT due to COVID.
26
Blended cement production: 45% of total in FY23.
27
Planned capacity addition in South: 20 MTPA by 2025.
28
Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) production: 120 MT in FY23.
29
Cement production cost per tonne: Rs 4,500 in FY23.
30
Total kilns in operation: over 200 across India.
Interpretation
Production and Capacity Interpretation
For a nation that's building everything from skyscrapers to statues at a breakneck pace, it's both a testament to private sector ambition and a sobering reminder of underutilized potential that, while India's cement industry boasts a colossal 556 MTPA capacity and proudly ranks second globally, it still ran its plants at only 74% efficiency last year.
Reference
Cite This Report
This report is designed to be cited. We maintain stable URLs and versioned verification dates. Copy the format appropriate for your publication below.
APA
James Okoro. (2026, February 13). India Cement Industry Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/india-cement-industry-statistics
MLA
James Okoro. "India Cement Industry Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/india-cement-industry-statistics.
Chicago
James Okoro. 2026. "India Cement Industry Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/india-cement-industry-statistics.
Sources & references
46 datasets cited across this report · attribution is report-level
eximguru.comcommerce-app.gov.in