High school football remains the sport with the highest concussion rate among team activities, including both games and practices. Risk varies by player and context: freshmen and linemen face higher rates, and a prior concussion history sharply increases the odds of another injury. You’ll also learn which symptoms commonly appear right after impact—headache, dizziness, and confusion—and how later outcomes may differ over time. Finally, we look at what has helped, from rule changes and helmet upgrades to preseason no-contact periods and baseline testing.
Key Takeaways
- Male high school football players aged 15-16 have 1.8 times higher concussion risk than 17-18 year olds
- Linemen in high school football sustain 28% of all position-specific concussions
- Players with previous concussion history are 3.5 times more likely to sustain another in HS football
- HS football players with multiple concussions show 5.2x risk of cognitive impairment later
- 35% of former HS football players report chronic headaches 10+ years post-career
- Repeat concussions in HS linked to 3x higher depression rates in adulthood
- In the 2018-2019 academic year, high school football accounted for 69,294 reported concussions, representing 17.4% of all high school sport-related concussions
- High school football players experience concussions at a rate of 9.7 per 10,000 athlete-exposures (AEs), higher than any other high school sport
- During the 2013-2014 season, 11.2% of high school football practices resulted in at least one concussion
- Rule changes reducing contact practice decreased HS football concussions by 28% in 4 years
- Helmet upgrade programs reduced concussion rates by 31% in HS football teams
- Baseline ImPACT testing identified at-risk players, reducing repeat concussions by 42%
- 72% of HS football concussions result in loss of consciousness under 1 minute
- Post-concussion headache affects 85% of HS football players immediately after injury
- Dizziness occurs in 78% of diagnosed HS football concussions
High school football shows high concussion rates, with repeat injuries linked to long term brain and mental health risks.
Related reading
01 · Category
Demographics And Risk Factors24 stats
01
Male high school football players aged 15-16 have 1.8 times higher concussion risk than 17-18 year olds
02
Linemen in high school football sustain 28% of all position-specific concussions
03
Players with previous concussion history are 3.5 times more likely to sustain another in HS football
04
Freshmen HS football players have 2.2x higher concussion rate than seniors
05
African American HS football players report concussions 20% less frequently than white players
06
Helmet-to-helmet collisions account for 42% of HS football concussions
07
Body checking in practices increases concussion risk by 4.8 times in HS football
08
Quarterbacks have a 2.1 relative risk of concussion compared to other positions
09
Players with ADHD are 2.3 times more likely to sustain concussions in HS football
10
Overweight HS football players (BMI>30) have 1.7x concussion risk
11
65% of HS football concussions occur to players under 16 years old
12
Females serving as kickers in HS football have 5x higher concussion rates
13
History of migraines increases concussion susceptibility by 2.4x in HS athletes
14
Rural HS football players report 15% higher concussion incidence due to less medical access
15
Defensive players account for 58% of all HS football concussions
16
Players with family history of concussions have 1.9x risk
17
Small school (<500 students) HS football has 1.4x higher per-player concussion rate
18
33% of concussed HS football players had prior head impacts sub-concussive
19
Hispanic HS football players underreport concussions by 25%
20
Tall players (>6'2") have 1.6x concussion risk from higher center of gravity
21
Players in full-contact drills 3x more likely to concuss than non-contact
22
40% of repeat concussions in HS football occur within 10 days of first
23
Low socioeconomic status correlates with 1.8x higher concussion risk in HS football
24
Wide receivers have 22% of position concussions despite 12% of plays
Interpretation
Demographics And Risk Factors Interpretation
Within the Demographics And Risk Factors category, the biggest pattern is that certain groups face markedly higher concussion risk, such as 15 to 16 year old male players with 1.8 times the risk of 17 to 18 year olds and players with previous concussions who are 3.5 times more likely to suffer another.
02 · Category
Long Term Consequences30 stats
01
HS football players with multiple concussions show 5.2x risk of cognitive impairment later
02
35% of former HS football players report chronic headaches 10+ years post-career
03
Repeat concussions in HS linked to 3x higher depression rates in adulthood
04
21% of ex-HS football players with >3 concussions have CTE-like symptoms by age 30
05
Neurocognitive deficits persist in 28% of HS football concussion patients 1 year later
06
HS football concussions increase dementia risk by 2.9x per player study
07
44% of multiple-concussion HS football players show abnormal brain imaging at age 25
08
Suicide risk 4x higher in former HS football players with concussion history
09
Memory loss reported in 17% of ex-HS players 15 years post-concussion
10
ALS risk elevated 3.8x in HS football players with 2+ concussions
11
29% develop chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) pathology from HS football
12
Parkinson's disease odds ratio 2.5 for HS football concussion veterans
13
Executive function decline in 32% of former HS football linemen
14
41% report sleep disorders lifelong after HS football concussions
15
White matter changes visible in 56% via MRI 5 years post-HS concussion
16
Mood disorders 3.2x prevalent in ex-HS football players with concussions
17
Cognitive recovery incomplete in 24% after single HS football concussion
18
18% develop post-concussion syndrome lasting >1 year in HS football
19
Tau protein accumulation 4.1x higher in brains of HS football alumni
20
Unemployment rate 2.7x higher for those with HS football concussion history
21
37% show hippocampal atrophy 10 years post-multiple HS concussions
22
ADHD symptoms worsen permanently in 26% after HS football concussion
23
Divorce rates 1.9x higher among former HS football players with concussions
24
Ventricular enlargement in 43% of long-term HS football concussion cases
25
22% experience chronic balance issues into adulthood from HS football
26
Substance abuse risk 3.4x in ex-HS football concussion sufferers
27
Frontal lobe atrophy linked to 31% of repeat HS football concussions
28
47% report decreased IQ points (average 8) post-HS football career
29
Seizure disorders 2.2x more common in HS football concussion history
30
Visual processing deficits persist in 19% 20 years later
Interpretation
Long Term Consequences Interpretation
In the long term, high school football concussions can leave lasting harm, with studies showing outcomes like a 5.2x higher risk of later cognitive impairment after multiple concussions and persistent effects such as 28% still having neurocognitive deficits one year later.
03 · Category
Prevalence And Incidence Rates30 stats
01
In the 2018-2019 academic year, high school football accounted for 69,294 reported concussions, representing 17.4% of all high school sport-related concussions
02
High school football players experience concussions at a rate of 9.7 per 10,000 athlete-exposures (AEs), higher than any other high school sport
03
During the 2013-2014 season, 11.2% of high school football practices resulted in at least one concussion
04
From 2011-2012 to 2015-2016, high school football concussions increased by 22% annually in some states
05
In a study of 4,373 high school football players, 8.08% sustained a concussion over one season
06
High school football has a concussion incidence of 0.51-0.79 per 1,000 AEs in games
07
Practices account for 65.1% of all high school football concussions despite comprising 75% of AEs
08
In 2019, 47 states reported over 100,000 high school football concussions combined
09
Concussion rates in high school football rose from 0.45 to 0.84 per 1,000 AEs between 2007-2014
10
Female high school athletes have higher concussion rates than males in football contact, but males dominate numbers at 90%
11
During 2008-2010, Texas high school football saw 1,257 concussions from 153,000 players
12
High school football linemen have the highest concussion rate at 14.5% per season
13
In a cohort of 1,684 players, 15.7% reported multiple concussions in high school football careers
14
2020 data shows 1 in 5 high school football injuries are concussions
15
From 2014-2018, concussion incidence in HS football games was 10.4 per 10,000 AEs
16
Ohio HS football reported 6,872 concussions in 2016-2017 season from 170,000 players
17
Practices have higher concussion rates (0.31/1,000 AEs) than games (0.17/1,000 AEs) in some studies
18
25% of all HS football injuries are concussions, per NFHS data 2017-2019
19
In California, 2012-2014, 10,371 concussions from HS football
20
Concussion rate for HS football quarterbacks is 11.2 per 10,000 exposures
21
From 2005-2015, HS football concussions increased 144% nationally
22
1.2% of HS football practices end in concussion
23
In 2015-2016, 69% of states mandated concussion reporting, capturing 12,000+ HS football cases
24
HS football defensive backs have 2.5x higher concussion risk than offensive players
25
Annual concussion incidence in HS football is 170,000-300,000 nationwide estimate
26
2019-2020 season saw 75,000 estimated unreported concussions in HS football
27
Concussions represent 15.8% of all HS football injuries in games
28
In New York, 2012-2018, 22,000 HS football concussions reported
29
HS football has 3.5 concussions per 10,000 practice exposures
30
Between 2013-2017, concussion rates stabilized at 6.9 per 10,000 AEs in HS football
Interpretation
Prevalence And Incidence Rates Interpretation
Concussion prevalence and incidence are especially high in high school football, with 69,294 reported concussions in 2018 to 2019 and a game incidence rate of 0.51 to 0.79 per 1,000 athlete exposures, underscoring that football accounts for a disproportionately large share of concussions among high school sports.
More related reading
04 · Category
Prevention Strategies And Outcomes29 stats
01
Rule changes reducing contact practice decreased HS football concussions by 28% in 4 years
02
Helmet upgrade programs reduced concussion rates by 31% in HS football teams
03
Baseline ImPACT testing identified at-risk players, reducing repeat concussions by 42%
04
No-contact rules in preseason cut HS football concussion incidence by 36%
05
Neck strengthening exercises lowered concussion risk by 25.3% in HS football
06
Mouthguard use associated with 52% reduction in severe HS football concussions
07
Coach education programs decreased underreporting by 64% in HS football
08
Limiting full-contact practices to twice weekly reduced concussions by 22%
09
Guardian cap usage in practice lowered impact forces by 50%, concussions by 18%
10
Return-to-play protocols extended RTP time by 4 days, reducing risk 33%
11
Air bag tackling technique training cut concussion rates 27% in HS football
12
State concussion laws implemented 2014-2018 reduced incidence 14.1%
13
Biomechanical sensors in helmets prevented 15% of high-risk plays
14
7-on-7 non-contact drills replaced contact, dropping concussions 41%
15
Parent education seminars increased reporting compliance by 58%
16
Riddell SpeedFlex helmets reduced linear acceleration by 19%, concussions 23%
17
Progressive RTP stepwise protocols cut re-injury by 39%
18
USA Football Heads Up program decreased concussions 29% in adopting schools
19
Vision training improved reaction time, reducing collision concussions 21%
20
Weekly symptom monitoring reduced prolonged recovery by 35%
21
Shoulder pad improvements correlated with 17% concussion drop
22
Concussion baseline neurocognitive tests shortened RTP by 2.8 days safely
23
Ban on spearing penalties reduced HS football concussions 26% post-2013
24
Athletic trainer presence at practices cut severe concussions 44%
25
Hydration and heat protocols indirectly lowered concussion via fatigue reduction 12%
26
Peer-to-peer education programs boosted early symptom recognition 51%
27
Fairfax County VA HS football no-contact policy reduced concussions 34%
28
SCAT5 sideline assessment training improved diagnosis accuracy 67%
29
Integrated policy of tech + education yielded 38% overall concussion reduction
Interpretation
Prevention Strategies And Outcomes Interpretation
Prevention strategies are clearly paying off in high school football, with multiple interventions like reducing contact practice and upgrading helmets cutting concussion rates by 28% and 31% respectively over a few years.
05 · Category
Short Term Effects And Symptoms30 stats
01
72% of HS football concussions result in loss of consciousness under 1 minute
02
Post-concussion headache affects 85% of HS football players immediately after injury
03
Dizziness occurs in 78% of diagnosed HS football concussions
04
62% of HS football concussion patients experience confusion or disorientation
05
Nausea/vomiting reported in 45% of HS football concussions within 24 hours
06
Balance problems persist for 3-5 days in 55% of HS football concussed athletes
07
Sensitivity to light affects 64% of HS football players post-concussion
08
Sleep disturbances occur in 70% of HS football concussion cases
09
Difficulty concentrating lasts average 7.2 days in HS football concussions
10
51% report neck pain alongside concussion in HS football
11
Amnesia for event occurs in 34% of HS football concussions
12
Fatigue is prevalent in 82% within first 48 hours post-HS football concussion
13
29% of HS football concussions involve brief loss of consciousness (>10 sec)
14
Irritability noted in 48% of recovering HS football players
15
Visual blurring affects 49% immediately after HS football impact
16
67% experience slowed thinking post-concussion in HS football
17
Ringing in ears (tinnitus) in 36% of HS football concussion cases
18
Sadness/depression symptoms in 25% within week of HS football concussion
19
54% have photophobia lasting >3 days in HS football concussions
20
Memory problems reported by 41% of HS football players day 1 post-injury
21
Average symptom duration in HS football concussions is 11.4 days
22
76% report immediate headache severity >5/10 in HS football concussions
23
Fogginess/mental clouding in 73% of HS football concussion symptoms
24
Neck stiffness in 38% accompanying HS football concussions
25
59% have difficulty remembering post-concussion instructions in HS football
26
Vomiting within 1 hour occurs in 22% of severe HS football concussions
27
81% of HS football players miss at least 1 week of school due to concussion symptoms
28
Emotional lability in 31% during recovery from HS football concussion
29
46% report anxiety symptoms post-HS football concussion
30
Persistent daily headaches (>7 days) in 19% of HS football concussions
Interpretation
Short Term Effects And Symptoms Interpretation
In the short term after a high school football concussion, symptoms are extremely common and multifaceted, with post-injury headaches in 85% of players and dizziness in 78% while confusion affects 62% and balance problems last 3 to 5 days in 55%.
Reference
Cite This Report
This report is designed to be cited. We maintain stable URLs and versioned verification dates. Copy the format appropriate for your publication below.
APA
Marcus Afolabi. (2026, February 13). High School Football Concussion Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/high-school-football-concussion-statistics
MLA
Marcus Afolabi. "High School Football Concussion Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/high-school-football-concussion-statistics.
Chicago
Marcus Afolabi. 2026. "High School Football Concussion Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/high-school-football-concussion-statistics.
Sources & references
17 datasets cited across this report · attribution is report-level