Key Takeaways
- In 2021, 11.5% of U.S. adults (28.3 million people) reported currently smoking cigarettes every day or some days
- Globally, 1.3 billion people smoked tobacco in 2019, with cigarettes being the most common form
- In the U.S., cigarette smoking among high school students declined from 15.8% in 2011 to 1.9% in 2023
- Cigarette smoking causes about 480,000 deaths annually in the U.S.
- Smokers die 10 years earlier on average than non-smokers
- Smoking increases lung cancer risk by 15 to 30 times compared to non-smokers
- Cigarette smoking accounts for 90% of all lung cancer deaths in the U.S.
- Globally, tobacco kills over 8 million people yearly, with 7 million from direct use
- In the U.S., smoking causes 480,000 premature deaths annually
- Cigarette smoking costs the U.S. $300 billion annually in healthcare and lost productivity
- Global economic cost of smoking exceeds $1.4 trillion yearly, 1.8% of global GDP
- U.S. smoking-attributable medical spending: $185 billion per year in 2018
- Secondhand smoke causes 41,000 deaths and $6.3 billion in lost productivity yearly in U.S.
- Children exposed to secondhand smoke are 4 times more likely to have asthma attacks
- Globally, 1.2 million deaths from secondhand smoke exposure annually
Cigarette smoking is a global health crisis causing millions of preventable deaths every year.
Economic Impact
- Cigarette smoking costs the U.S. $300 billion annually in healthcare and lost productivity
- Global economic cost of smoking exceeds $1.4 trillion yearly, 1.8% of global GDP
- U.S. smoking-attributable medical spending: $185 billion per year in 2018
- Lost productivity from premature death and exposure: $151 billion annually in U.S.
- Medicare spending on smoking-related diseases: $29 billion yearly
- In China, economic burden of smoking: $277 billion USD in 2015
- U.S. employers lose $6,000 per year per smoking employee in productivity
- Global tobacco taxes generate $269 billion revenue but cost $1.4 trillion in health damages
- U.S. state Medicaid spends $39.6 billion on smoking-related illnesses yearly
- Smoking causes 8.7 million lost workdays annually in U.S., costing $12 billion
- In India, smoking economic cost: 1.4% of GDP, $18 billion USD in 2017
- U.S. private insurance pays $110 billion yearly for smoking-related care
- Globally, smoking reduces GDP by 0.14% in low/middle-income countries
- U.S. cancer treatment costs from smoking: $21 billion annually
- In the UK, NHS spends £2.5 billion yearly on smoking-related illnesses
- U.S. absenteeism from smoking: 3 extra sick days per smoker yearly
- Global low-income countries lose $50 billion in tobacco control investment returns
- U.S. Veterans Affairs spends $8 billion on smoking-related care yearly
- In Australia, smoking costs $136 billion over lifetime for 2015-16 cohort
- U.S. fire costs from smoking materials: $6.7 billion annually
- Brazil tobacco economic burden: $4.8 billion USD in 2018
- U.S. smoking increases healthcare premiums by 35% for smokers
- Global productivity losses from smoking: $776 billion yearly
- U.S. low-income smokers incur 40% higher medical costs
- In Europe, €58 billion annual healthcare cost from tobacco
- U.S. COPD treatment costs: $49 billion yearly, 70% smoking-related
- Smoking reduces global labor productivity by 0.4%
- U.S. secondhand smoke medical costs: $4.6 billion annually
- In Canada, smoking costs $16.2 billion CAD yearly
- Cigarette taxes in U.S. generate $13 billion federal revenue yearly
Economic Impact Interpretation
Health Impacts
- Cigarette smoking causes about 480,000 deaths annually in the U.S.
- Smokers die 10 years earlier on average than non-smokers
- Smoking increases lung cancer risk by 15 to 30 times compared to non-smokers
- 90% of lung cancer deaths in women are caused by cigarette smoking
- Smoking during pregnancy increases risk of low birth weight by 50%
- COPD risk is 12-13 times higher for current smokers vs. never smokers
- Smoking causes 8 out of 10 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) deaths
- Smokers have 2-4 times higher risk of coronary heart disease and stroke
- Smoking weakens the immune system, increasing infection risk like pneumonia by 4 times
- Type 2 diabetes risk is 30-40% higher in smokers
- Smoking causes 1 in 4 deaths from cardiovascular disease
- Oral cancer risk is 5-10 times higher for smokers vs. non-smokers
- Smoking reduces fertility in women by 30% and increases miscarriage risk by 1.5 times
- Smokers have 25% higher risk of age-related macular degeneration leading to vision loss
- Rheumatoid arthritis risk doubles for current smokers
- Smoking increases hip fracture risk by 55% in women and 24% in men
- Bladder cancer risk is 3 times higher for smokers
- Smoking causes cervical cancer with risk 2 times higher than non-smokers
- Smokers lose 13.6 years of life expectancy if starting at age 40
- Pancreatic cancer risk increases 2-3 times for smokers
- Smoking during pregnancy causes 5-8% of preterm deliveries
- Smokers have 2 times higher risk of kidney cancer
- Erectile dysfunction risk is 50% higher in male smokers under 40
- Smoking increases psoriasis risk by 1.9 times
- Smokers have higher dental disease; gum disease risk 2 times higher
- Liver cancer risk doubles for smokers
- Smoking causes laryngeal cancer with 10-20 times higher risk for heavy smokers
- Smokers' wound healing is 40% slower post-surgery
- Esophageal cancer risk is 5 times higher for smokers
- Smoking increases stomach cancer risk by 1.6 times
Health Impacts Interpretation
Mortality Data
- Cigarette smoking accounts for 90% of all lung cancer deaths in the U.S.
- Globally, tobacco kills over 8 million people yearly, with 7 million from direct use
- In the U.S., smoking causes 480,000 premature deaths annually
- Lung cancer mortality rate for male smokers is 23 times higher than never smokers
- Smoking-attributable mortality in U.S. men is 278,544 annually
- COPD deaths: 80% attributable to smoking in the U.S., totaling 138,000 yearly
- Cardiovascular disease deaths from smoking: 160,000 per year in U.S.
- Stroke deaths caused by smoking: 20% of total strokes, about 49,000 annually U.S.
- Smoking causes 30% of all cancer deaths in the U.S.
- Globally, 1.27 million deaths from COPD due to tobacco in 2019
- U.S. women smokers die from lung cancer at rates 12.7 times higher than never smokers
- Smoking-attributable deaths in U.S. women: 201,773 annually
- Tobacco causes 1 in 5 deaths worldwide
- In 2020, 2.4 million global deaths from cardiovascular diseases due to smoking
- U.S. smoking-related cancer deaths: 166,000 per year
- Secondhand smoke causes 41,000 deaths yearly in U.S. adults
- Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) risk triples with maternal smoking, 1,300 U.S. deaths yearly
- Globally, tobacco-attributable mortality peaked at 8.7 million in 2021
- U.S. male lung cancer death rate: 57.3 per 100,000 for smokers
- Smoking causes 40,000 bladder cancer deaths worldwide annually
- In China, 1 million smoking-attributable deaths yearly
- U.S. annual deaths from smoking-related respiratory infections: 100,000
- Tobacco kills 1.2 million non-smokers via secondhand smoke globally
- U.S. pancreatic cancer deaths: 20% attributable to smoking, ~10,000 yearly
- Lifetime risk of dying from smoking-induced lung cancer: 15-24% for male smokers
- Globally, 1.18 million deaths from ischemic heart disease due to smoking in 2019
- U.S. deaths from laryngeal cancer: 90% smoking-related, ~3,700 yearly
- Smoking-attributable mortality fraction in U.S. adults: 17.1%
- In Europe, 1.2 million tobacco-related deaths annually
- U.S. esophageal cancer deaths: 80% from smoking, ~13,000 yearly
- Global stroke deaths from tobacco: 1 million yearly
Mortality Data Interpretation
Prevalence and Usage
- In 2021, 11.5% of U.S. adults (28.3 million people) reported currently smoking cigarettes every day or some days
- Globally, 1.3 billion people smoked tobacco in 2019, with cigarettes being the most common form
- In the U.S., cigarette smoking among high school students declined from 15.8% in 2011 to 1.9% in 2023
- Men are more likely to smoke than women; in 2020, 13.1% of U.S. men vs. 10.1% of women smoked cigarettes
- Smoking prevalence is highest among American Indian/Alaska Native adults at 22.8% in 2021
- In Europe, 26% of adults aged 15+ were daily smokers in 2022
- U.S. adults aged 45-64 had the highest smoking rate at 15.2% in 2021
- Worldwide, tobacco smoking kills more than 8 million people each year, including 1.2 million from secondhand smoke
- In low-income countries, 16% of women and 42% of men smoke tobacco
- U.S. cigarette consumption dropped to 174.4 packs per adult in 2022 from 2,508 in 1963
- 34.3 million U.S. adults have a history of cigarette smoking but currently do not smoke
- In 2020, 3.7% of U.S. middle school students reported current cigarette use
- Smoking rates among U.S. adults with a GED diploma were 32.1% in 2021, highest among education levels
- Globally, cigarette smoking among youth aged 13-15 is 7% for boys and 4% for girls per GYTS 2019-2021
- In Australia, daily smoking prevalence fell to 8.3% in 2022 from 24% in 1995
- U.S. rural adults smoke at 17.6% vs. 12.0% urban in 2021
- In China, 26% of adults (292 million) were current smokers in 2020
- U.S. LGBTQ+ adults smoke at 15.4% vs. 11.1% straight adults in 2021
- Smoking among U.S. pregnant women was 7.5% in 2021
- In India, 10.7% of adults aged 15+ use smokeless tobacco, but cigarette smoking is 10.2% for men
- U.S. veterans smoke at 21.2% vs. 11.7% non-veterans in 2021
- In the UK, 12.9% of adults smoked in 2022, down from 45.8% in 1974
- Among U.S. adults with serious psychological distress, 36.3% smoke cigarettes
- Global male smoking prevalence is 36.7% vs. 7.8% for females in 2020
- In Brazil, 10.1% of adults smoked in 2019
- U.S. adults in poverty smoke at 21.1% vs. 8.3% above 400% poverty level in 2021
- In Russia, 39% of adults smoked in 2020
- U.S. Hispanic adults smoke at 8.0% in 2021, lowest among racial/ethnic groups
- Youth e-cigarette use is 10% but cigarette smoking is 1.9% among U.S. high schoolers 2023
- In Japan, 23.1% of men and 7.6% of women smoked in 2020
Prevalence and Usage Interpretation
Secondhand Smoke and Policy
- Secondhand smoke causes 41,000 deaths and $6.3 billion in lost productivity yearly in U.S.
- Children exposed to secondhand smoke are 4 times more likely to have asthma attacks
- Globally, 1.2 million deaths from secondhand smoke exposure annually
- U.S. smokefree laws in 28 states cover workplaces, reducing heart attacks by 3-4%
- Secondhand smoke contains over 7,000 chemicals, 70 carcinogenic
- Nonsmoking adults exposed to SHS have 25-30% higher coronary heart disease risk
- In homes with smokers, child ear infections increase by 37%
- Smoke-free legislation reduces preterm births by 10% in implementation areas
- U.S. hospitality workers' heart attack hospitalizations dropped 33% post-smokefree laws
- Secondhand smoke increases lung cancer risk by 20-30% in never smokers
- Globally, 65% of children breathe secondhand smoke at home
- SHS exposure causes 150,000-300,000 annual lower respiratory infections in U.S. infants
- Comprehensive smokefree policies cover 62% of world's population
- Secondhand smoke stroke risk increases 25% for nonsmokers
- U.S. children: 25 million exposed to SHS, leading to 430,000 asthma attacks yearly
- Bans in indoor public places reduce SHS exposure by 90%
- Maternal SHS exposure doubles miscarriage risk
- 21 countries have comprehensive bans protecting 1.4 billion from SHS
- SHS causes sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) risk to increase 2-5 times
- U.S. smokefree air laws reduced adult SHS exposure from 52% to 25% 2011-2012
- Quitting smoking reduces heart disease risk by 50% within 1 year
- U.S. quitlines helped 1 million smokers quit since 2004
- Nicotine replacement therapy doubles quit success rates to 25%
- U.S. adult quit attempts: 55% tried in past year, but only 8% successful long-term
- Tobacco 21 laws increased quit rates among youth by 25%
- Varenicline (Chantix) has 33% quit rate at 6 months vs. 12% placebo
- U.S. graphic warnings on packs increase quit intentions by 40%
- Bupropion doubles quit rates to 20-25%
- Menthol cigarette ban reduces smoking prevalence by 15% in simulations
- U.S. counseling + medication achieves 25-30% quit rates
- Price increases via taxes reduce youth smoking by 7% per 10% rise
- E-cigarette use aids 18% quit rate vs. 9.9% NRT in trials
- Comprehensive tobacco control programs save $20 per $1 spent
- U.S. mass media campaigns reduce adult smoking by 5-10%
Secondhand Smoke and Policy Interpretation
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