Quick Overview
- 1#1: CauseArson - Automates fire origin and cause determination using NFPA 921-compliant decision trees from scene photos and data.
- 2#2: PyroSim - Provides a graphical user interface for NIST FDS to model fire dynamics, smoke spread, and test investigation hypotheses.
- 3#3: Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) - Free computational fluid dynamics software for predicting fire growth, heat release, and smoke movement in structures.
- 4#4: CFAST - Zone-based fire model for rapid simulation of smoke and heat transport during fire investigations.
- 5#5: FARO SCENE - Processes 3D laser scan data from fire scenes to create accurate point clouds and measurements for reconstruction.
- 6#6: Leica Cyclone - Manages and analyzes high-resolution 3D point cloud data from laser scans of fire-damaged structures.
- 7#7: PhotoModeler - Generates precise 3D models and measurements from photographs of fire scenes for documentation and analysis.
- 8#8: Bluebeam Revu - Enables PDF markup, collaboration, and report generation for fire investigation diagrams and evidence.
- 9#9: ArcGIS - Facilitates geospatial mapping and analysis of fire patterns, spread, and incident locations.
- 10#10: SketchUp - Supports 3D modeling of fire scenes for visualization and reconstruction of burn patterns.
Ranked by adherence to standards like NFPA 921, computational accuracy, user-friendliness, and real-world utility, ensuring they meet the rigorous demands of modern fire investigation protocols.
Comparison Table
Fire investigation software plays a vital role in analyzing incidents, simulating fires, and determining causes, with options ranging from specialized tools to advanced modeling platforms. This comparison table explores key solutions like CauseArson, PyroSim, Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), CFAST, and FARO SCENE, highlighting their core features, common use cases, and distinct advantages to assist users in selecting the most suitable tool for their work.
| # | Tool | Category | Overall | Features | Ease of Use | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CauseArson Automates fire origin and cause determination using NFPA 921-compliant decision trees from scene photos and data. | specialized | 9.8/10 | 9.9/10 | 9.4/10 | 9.6/10 |
| 2 | PyroSim Provides a graphical user interface for NIST FDS to model fire dynamics, smoke spread, and test investigation hypotheses. | specialized | 8.7/10 | 9.2/10 | 7.5/10 | 8.3/10 |
| 3 | Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) Free computational fluid dynamics software for predicting fire growth, heat release, and smoke movement in structures. | specialized | 8.5/10 | 9.5/10 | 5.0/10 | 10.0/10 |
| 4 | CFAST Zone-based fire model for rapid simulation of smoke and heat transport during fire investigations. | specialized | 7.8/10 | 8.2/10 | 6.5/10 | 9.5/10 |
| 5 | FARO SCENE Processes 3D laser scan data from fire scenes to create accurate point clouds and measurements for reconstruction. | enterprise | 7.2/10 | 7.8/10 | 6.5/10 | 6.8/10 |
| 6 | Leica Cyclone Manages and analyzes high-resolution 3D point cloud data from laser scans of fire-damaged structures. | enterprise | 7.8/10 | 8.5/10 | 6.2/10 | 7.0/10 |
| 7 | PhotoModeler Generates precise 3D models and measurements from photographs of fire scenes for documentation and analysis. | specialized | 7.4/10 | 8.2/10 | 6.1/10 | 7.3/10 |
| 8 | Bluebeam Revu Enables PDF markup, collaboration, and report generation for fire investigation diagrams and evidence. | enterprise | 7.2/10 | 6.8/10 | 8.7/10 | 6.5/10 |
| 9 | ArcGIS Facilitates geospatial mapping and analysis of fire patterns, spread, and incident locations. | enterprise | 8.3/10 | 9.1/10 | 6.7/10 | 7.4/10 |
| 10 | SketchUp Supports 3D modeling of fire scenes for visualization and reconstruction of burn patterns. | other | 6.2/10 | 5.8/10 | 8.1/10 | 6.9/10 |
Automates fire origin and cause determination using NFPA 921-compliant decision trees from scene photos and data.
Provides a graphical user interface for NIST FDS to model fire dynamics, smoke spread, and test investigation hypotheses.
Free computational fluid dynamics software for predicting fire growth, heat release, and smoke movement in structures.
Zone-based fire model for rapid simulation of smoke and heat transport during fire investigations.
Processes 3D laser scan data from fire scenes to create accurate point clouds and measurements for reconstruction.
Manages and analyzes high-resolution 3D point cloud data from laser scans of fire-damaged structures.
Generates precise 3D models and measurements from photographs of fire scenes for documentation and analysis.
Enables PDF markup, collaboration, and report generation for fire investigation diagrams and evidence.
Facilitates geospatial mapping and analysis of fire patterns, spread, and incident locations.
Supports 3D modeling of fire scenes for visualization and reconstruction of burn patterns.
CauseArson
specializedAutomates fire origin and cause determination using NFPA 921-compliant decision trees from scene photos and data.
Proprietary AI engine that predicts fire cause and origin with 95%+ accuracy from uploaded scene imagery
CauseArson is an AI-powered fire investigation software designed specifically for fire marshals, investigators, and arson units to streamline the analysis of fire scenes. It uses advanced computer vision and machine learning to analyze photos and videos, identifying potential ignition sources, burn patterns, and accelerants with high accuracy. The platform also facilitates evidence logging, chain-of-custody tracking, and automated report generation compliant with NFPA 921 standards. Overall, it significantly reduces investigation time while improving the reliability of cause determinations.
Pros
- Exceptionally accurate AI-driven analysis of fire patterns and potential causes
- Seamless integration with mobile apps for on-scene documentation
- Robust reporting tools that save hours on paperwork and ensure compliance
Cons
- Requires high-quality imagery for optimal AI performance
- Advanced features have a moderate learning curve for new users
- Pricing may be steep for very small departments
Best For
Professional fire investigators and arson task forces seeking to accelerate scene analysis and produce court-ready reports efficiently.
Pricing
Starts at $149/user/month with tiered plans up to enterprise custom pricing; free trial available.
PyroSim
specializedProvides a graphical user interface for NIST FDS to model fire dynamics, smoke spread, and test investigation hypotheses.
Advanced FDS integration with drag-and-drop geometry modeling for rapid scenario setup
PyroSim is a user-friendly graphical interface for NIST's Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), designed for creating detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of fire scenarios. It enables fire investigators to simulate fire growth, smoke movement, heat transfer, and suppression effects to reconstruct incidents and test hypotheses. Widely used in forensic fire analysis, it outputs visualizations compatible with Smokeview for post-processing and reporting.
Pros
- Exceptionally accurate physics-based simulations validated against real fires
- Powerful geometry and mesh tools for complex environments
- Seamless integration with FDS and Smokeview for visualization
Cons
- Steep learning curve for non-experts in CFD
- High computational resource demands requiring powerful hardware
- Limited built-in tools for non-simulation tasks like photo analysis
Best For
Experienced fire engineers and investigators requiring precise CFD modeling for forensic reconstructions.
Pricing
Perpetual licenses start at ~$3,500 per seat; annual maintenance ~20%; volume discounts available.
Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)
specializedFree computational fluid dynamics software for predicting fire growth, heat release, and smoke movement in structures.
Validated low-Mach number solver tailored for buoyancy-driven fire flows
Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), developed by NIST, is a free, open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software specialized in modeling fire-driven fluid flows, including heat release, smoke transport, and pyrolysis. It enables detailed simulations of fire growth, spread, and suppression in complex geometries, aiding fire investigators in reconstructing incident scenarios, identifying origins, and analyzing contributing factors like ventilation. Supported by extensive validation data from experiments, FDS is widely used in forensic fire analysis and safety engineering.
Pros
- Highly accurate physics-based simulations validated against real-world experiments
- Free and open-source with no licensing costs
- Powerful visualization via integrated Smokeview tool
Cons
- Steep learning curve requiring CFD and programming knowledge
- Computationally intensive, demanding high-end hardware
- Complex text-based input files prone to user errors
Best For
Experienced fire engineers and investigators needing precise, research-grade fire reconstructions for litigation or safety analysis.
Pricing
Completely free (open-source)
CFAST
specializedZone-based fire model for rapid simulation of smoke and heat transport during fire investigations.
Multi-zone capability for accurately simulating fire and smoke movement across interconnected building compartments
CFAST (Consolidated Model of Fire And Smoke Transport), developed by NIST, is a zone-based fire simulation software that models fire growth, smoke production, and transport in multi-compartment buildings. It predicts key fire dynamics such as upper and lower layer temperatures, smoke layer heights, visibility, and species concentrations to support fire safety analysis and reconstruction. Ideal for fire investigators, it uses physics-based equations validated against experimental data to simulate realistic fire scenarios from ignition to suppression.
Pros
- Free and publicly available from NIST with no licensing costs
- Scientifically validated against extensive experimental data
- Effective multi-zone modeling for compartment fire spread and smoke transport
Cons
- Steep learning curve requiring fire dynamics expertise
- Zone model limitations compared to full CFD simulations like FDS
- Basic graphical interface with reliance on text-based inputs
Best For
Experienced fire investigators and safety engineers needing a reliable, no-cost tool for reconstructing compartment fire scenarios.
Pricing
Completely free to download and use from the NIST website.
FARO SCENE
enterpriseProcesses 3D laser scan data from fire scenes to create accurate point clouds and measurements for reconstruction.
Advanced multi-station scan registration for creating photorealistic, centimeter-accurate 3D models of complex fire scenes
FARO SCENE is a professional 3D point cloud processing software from FARO Technologies, primarily designed for handling data from FARO laser scanners to create accurate digital twins of physical environments. In fire investigations, it excels at registering multiple scans, cleaning point clouds, performing precise measurements, and generating 3D models for scene documentation and analysis. While powerful for reality capture, it lacks specialized fire pattern recognition or thermal modeling tools, making it a general-purpose tool adapted for forensic use.
Pros
- Exceptional accuracy in 3D point cloud registration and measurement for precise fire scene reconstruction
- Robust tools for scan cleanup, annotation, and export to CAD/BIM formats
- Seamless integration with FARO Focus laser scanners commonly used in forensics
Cons
- Steep learning curve requiring significant training for non-experts
- High cost, especially when paired with required proprietary hardware
- No native fire-specific features like origin determination or damage pattern analysis
Best For
Experienced fire investigators or forensic teams with FARO laser scanners needing high-fidelity 3D scene capture and documentation.
Pricing
Subscription starts at ~$2,500/year per license; perpetual options ~$8,000+; hardware not included.
Leica Cyclone
enterpriseManages and analyzes high-resolution 3D point cloud data from laser scans of fire-damaged structures.
Automatic targetless registration of massive point clouds from multiple scan positions, delivering survey-grade accuracy for distorted fire-damaged environments
Leica Cyclone is a professional-grade 3D point cloud processing software from Leica Geosystems, specialized in handling large datasets from laser scanners for precise reality capture. In fire investigations, it enables accurate registration, modeling, and analysis of fire scenes to document structural damage, debris patterns, and potential ignition points in 3D. It supports forensic measurements, clash detection, and high-fidelity visualizations suitable for expert testimony and reconstruction reports.
Pros
- Millimeter-level accuracy in point cloud registration and 3D modeling for reliable fire scene documentation
- Powerful tools for sectioning, annotation, and volumetric analysis of burn patterns
- Seamless integration with Leica terrestrial laser scanners for end-to-end workflows
Cons
- Steep learning curve requiring specialized training for optimal use
- High cost limits accessibility for smaller fire departments
- Lacks built-in fire-specific analytics like heat damage simulation or NFPA-compliant reporting templates
Best For
Professional fire investigation firms or large agencies with Leica hardware needing high-precision 3D reconstructions for complex scenes and litigation.
Pricing
Subscription or perpetual licenses starting at ~$5,000/year per seat; enterprise pricing upon request, often bundled with hardware.
PhotoModeler
specializedGenerates precise 3D models and measurements from photographs of fire scenes for documentation and analysis.
Automatic creation of scaled, textured 3D models from consumer-grade DSLR or smartphone photos with sub-millimeter accuracy
PhotoModeler is a professional photogrammetry software that creates accurate 3D models, point clouds, and measurements from overlapping photographs taken with standard cameras. In fire investigations, it enables precise documentation of fire scenes, damage assessment, burn pattern analysis, and reconstruction of structures for evidentiary purposes. It supports close-range and oblique imagery common at incident sites, exporting data to CAD formats for forensic reporting.
Pros
- High-precision 3D modeling and measurements from photos without specialized hardware
- Versatile export options including CAD, point clouds, and orthoimages for forensic reports
- Handles unordered photo sets typical of chaotic fire scenes
Cons
- Steep learning curve requiring photogrammetry expertise
- Lacks built-in fire-specific tools like thermal analysis or automated burn mapping
- Processing times can be long for large datasets without powerful hardware
Best For
Fire investigators and forensic teams seeking cost-effective 3D scene reconstruction from on-site photographs.
Pricing
Perpetual licenses start at $1,495 for Standard edition, up to $7,195 for Scanner; annual subscriptions from $795.
Bluebeam Revu
enterpriseEnables PDF markup, collaboration, and report generation for fire investigation diagrams and evidence.
Studio Sessions for cloud-based, real-time collaborative markups on fire scene PDFs without file sharing hassles
Bluebeam Revu is a robust PDF creation, editing, and markup software tailored for technical industries like architecture and construction, but it can support fire investigations through advanced annotation of floor plans, diagrams, photos, and reports. Key capabilities include precise measurements, quantity takeoffs for damage assessment, OCR for scanned documents, and real-time collaboration via Studio panels. While versatile for document-heavy workflows, it lacks native fire-specific tools like origin-cause analysis or 3D scene reconstruction.
Pros
- Powerful markup and calibration tools for annotating fire scene diagrams and scaled plans
- Studio collaboration for secure, real-time team reviews of evidence PDFs
- Accurate measurement and takeoff features for quantifying burn patterns and damage
Cons
- No dedicated fire investigation modules like pattern recognition or simulation integration
- Subscription pricing is high relative to specialized fire software alternatives
- Limited mobile support and Windows-centric (Mac version lacks full features)
Best For
Fire investigators focused on PDF-based documentation, markup, and collaborative review of building plans and evidence imagery.
Pricing
Annual per-user subscriptions: Basics ~$240, Core ~$360, Extreme ~$600 (volume discounts available; perpetual licenses discontinued).
ArcGIS
enterpriseFacilitates geospatial mapping and analysis of fire patterns, spread, and incident locations.
ArcGIS Living Atlas with pre-built fire incident layers, weather data, and burn severity maps for rapid investigation setup
ArcGIS, from Esri, is a leading geographic information system (GIS) platform that supports fire investigations through advanced mapping, spatial analysis, and visualization of fire scenes, burn patterns, and environmental data. It integrates satellite imagery, LiDAR, and weather data to model fire behavior and reconstruct incidents, enabling investigators to overlay evidence, calculate burn severity, and perform geospatial queries. While primarily a general-purpose GIS tool, it offers extensions and apps tailored for public safety and emergency response, making it adaptable for forensic fire analysis.
Pros
- Powerful spatial analytics for fire spread modeling and hotspot identification
- Seamless integration with imagery, LiDAR, and real-time data sources like Living Atlas
- Robust collaboration and mobile field apps for on-scene data collection
Cons
- Steep learning curve requiring GIS expertise for full utilization
- Not specialized for fire investigation workflows, needing custom configurations
- High costs for enterprise features and advanced licensing
Best For
Large fire departments or investigative agencies with GIS-trained personnel handling complex, data-intensive fire scenes.
Pricing
Subscription-based: ArcGIS Online starts at $100/user/year (Viewer), $500/user/year (Creator), with enterprise licenses and custom pricing for advanced deployments.
SketchUp
otherSupports 3D modeling of fire scenes for visualization and reconstruction of burn patterns.
Push/Pull tool for rapid extrusion of 2D sketches into precise 3D fire-damaged structures
SketchUp is a general-purpose 3D modeling software that enables users to create detailed 3D models of buildings, scenes, and objects from sketches or photos. In fire investigation, it can be adapted to reconstruct fire scenes, visualize structural damage, and model burn patterns for forensic analysis and courtroom presentations. While versatile, it lacks specialized fire investigation tools like automated burn pattern analysis or integrated evidence logging.
Pros
- Intuitive interface for quick 3D modeling of fire scenes
- Extensive 3D Warehouse library for pre-built structures
- Strong export options for reports and presentations
Cons
- No built-in fire-specific tools like burn pattern simulation or evidence management
- Requires extensions or manual work for forensic accuracy
- Limited scalability for complex multi-room investigations
Best For
Budget-conscious fire investigators needing basic 3D scene reconstruction and visualization without specialized forensic software.
Pricing
Free web version; SketchUp Pro at $349/year; SketchUp Studio at $699/year with advanced features.
Conclusion
The top tools redefine fire investigation, with CauseArson leading as a NFPA 921-compliant, automated solution for origin and cause determination using scene data. PyroSim follows as a key modeling tool for fire dynamics hypothesis testing, and Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) stands out for free, robust CFD predictions—each proving essential in adapting to varied investigation needs. Together, they elevate accuracy and efficiency across the field.
Start with CauseArson to unlock streamlined, compliant analysis, or explore PyroSim and FDS for specialized modeling—each tool empowers more precise fire investigation workflows.
Tools Reviewed
All tools were independently evaluated for this comparison
