African American Health Disparities Statistics

GITNUXREPORT 2026

African American Health Disparities Statistics

Black Americans face stark, measurable gaps across health and survival, from a 2.6 times higher maternal mortality rate for Black women than White women in 2022 to life expectancy trailing by 6.3 years in 2022. See how access barriers and inequities show up repeatedly, including 31% reporting discrimination in 2022 and heart disease death rates of 231.8 versus 192.3 per 100,000, plus why chronic kidney disease odds and COVID-19 death rates still track these same divides.

48 statistics48 sources14 sections10 min readUpdated today

Key Statistics

Statistic 1

16.8% of non-Hispanic Black adults were obese, compared with 27.4% of non-Hispanic White adults (2017–2018).

Statistic 2

2.2x higher odds of chronic kidney disease among non-Hispanic Black adults than non-Hispanic White adults (adjusted comparison, NHIS 2015–2018).

Statistic 3

Non-Hispanic Black adults experienced 20% higher all-cause mortality in the U.S. than White adults (2018–2020, CDC).

Statistic 4

In 2020, death rates from COVID-19 were 2.1 times higher for Black people than White people (CDC).

Statistic 5

In 2022, Black people represented 36.7% of new HIV diagnoses in the U.S., while being 13.0% of the population (estimate)

Statistic 6

In 2022, the maternal mortality rate for Black women was 2.6 times the rate for White women (CDC).

Statistic 7

In 2022, Black adults were 1.5 times as likely as White adults to report not having a usual place for healthcare (CDC NHIS-based estimate).

Statistic 8

In 2022, 14.2% of non-Hispanic Black adults were uninsured at some point during the previous year versus 7.9% of non-Hispanic White adults (ACS-based).

Statistic 9

In 2019, Black adults had a 9.3% prevalence of unmet mental health need compared with 5.6% for White adults (NSDUH).

Statistic 10

In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for heart disease was 231.8 per 100,000 for Black people versus 192.3 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).

Statistic 11

In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for cancer was 203.1 per 100,000 for Black people versus 168.6 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).

Statistic 12

In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for diabetes was 35.8 per 100,000 for Black people versus 24.1 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).

Statistic 13

In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for stroke was 48.2 per 100,000 for Black people versus 37.4 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).

Statistic 14

The Black–White life expectancy gap was 6.3 years in 2022 (70.8 vs 77.1).

Statistic 15

In 2021, the age-adjusted all-cause mortality rate for Black Americans was 1.24 times that of White Americans (CDC NCHS).

Statistic 16

In 2018–2021, Black people had higher death rates from COVID-19 than White people (CDC MMWR estimate).

Statistic 17

In 2021, overdose death rates were 15.4 per 100,000 for Black people versus 39.6 per 100,000 for White people (CDC) while disparities by method exist.

Statistic 18

In 2022, the maternal mortality ratio for Black women was 45.1 per 100,000 live births versus 17.1 for White women (CDC/NCHS).

Statistic 19

21% higher cardiovascular mortality for Black men compared with White men in 2019 (study estimate; IHME/peer-reviewed).

Statistic 20

Black people were 1.2 times as likely to die from hypertension than White people (adjusted hazard estimate in a published analysis).

Statistic 21

In 2019, Black patients were 16% less likely than White patients to receive guideline-recommended beta-blocker therapy after myocardial infarction (quality measures).

Statistic 22

Black patients had 1.4 times the odds of experiencing medication-related hospital readmissions within 30 days compared with White patients (study).

Statistic 23

Black patients received dialysis with vascular access at lower rates; in a national sample, the prevalence of fistula use was 0.79 in Black vs 0.86 in White patients (adjusted comparison; 2016–2018).

Statistic 24

In 2020, Black patients were 32% less likely than White patients to start hepatitis C treatment after diagnosis (national claims analysis).

Statistic 25

Black children with cancer were less likely to receive timely treatment; the proportion receiving treatment within 14 days was 62% for Black vs 71% for White (SEER-Medicare analysis).

Statistic 26

Black patients had 2.0 times higher odds of receiving no radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery compared with White patients (study).

Statistic 27

Black patients had 1.6 times higher odds of receiving less intensive pain management than White patients in an observational study (2015–2017).

Statistic 28

In 2022, Black adults with mental illness received mental health care at a rate of 38.4% versus 52.0% for White adults (SAMHSA NSDUH-based).

Statistic 29

In 2020, Black patients had a 1.27x higher rate of severe hypoglycemia compared with White patients among adults with diabetes (study).

Statistic 30

In 2019, Black patients had 28% lower likelihood of receiving statin therapy consistent with guidelines than White patients (EHR-based analysis).

Statistic 31

29% of Black adults reported that they were treated unfairly in the healthcare system (2019).

Statistic 32

In 2018, 24% of Black adults reported that they delayed or did not get care because they worried about cost, compared with 14% of White adults (AHRQ).

Statistic 33

Black adults were 1.5 times more likely than White adults to report that their provider did not spend enough time with them (2018 survey-based estimate).

Statistic 34

22.1% of Black adults reported insufficient sleep (≤6 hours per night) in 2020, compared with 19.8% of White adults

Statistic 35

11.1% of Black adults were current smokers in 2020, compared with 8.0% of White adults

Statistic 36

24.7% of non-Hispanic Black adults had high blood pressure (BP) awareness of being told they had high blood pressure in 2019–2020, compared with 19.2% of non-Hispanic White adults

Statistic 37

48.4% of non-Hispanic Black adults had uncontrolled blood pressure in 2017–2018, compared with 39.3% of non-Hispanic White adults

Statistic 38

58.7% of Black adults with hypertension reported taking medication for their condition in 2019–2020, compared with 61.8% of White adults

Statistic 39

8.4% of non-Hispanic Black adults had diabetes in 2017–2020, compared with 7.0% of non-Hispanic White adults

Statistic 40

1.31 million Black Americans were living with diagnosed diabetes in 2017 (estimate)

Statistic 41

1 in 6 Black adults (16.7%) did not receive needed medical care because of cost in 2022, compared with 1 in 9 White adults (11.1%)

Statistic 42

14.0% of Black adults reported delaying or not getting care due to affordability in 2022, compared with 9.7% of White adults

Statistic 43

31% of Black patients reported experiencing discrimination when getting health care in 2022, compared with 19% of White patients

Statistic 44

13.3% of Black adults reported having no usual source of care in 2022, compared with 8.1% of White adults

Statistic 45

Black adults had an emergency department (ED) visit rate of 3,020 per 10,000 for asthma in 2018, compared with 2,420 per 10,000 for White adults

Statistic 46

13.0% of Black adults had serious psychological distress in 2022, compared with 5.4% of White adults

Statistic 47

In 2022, the Black–White gap in drug overdose death rates was 1.7x (Black higher) among males

Statistic 48

Black people accounted for 23.0% of all opioid overdose deaths in 2021 while representing 13.4% of the U.S. population (estimate)

Sources
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Emilia Santos

Written by Emilia Santos·Edited by Priya Chandrasekaran·Fact-checked by Astrid Bergmann

Published Feb 13, 2026·Last verified May 15, 2026
Fact-checked via 4-step process
01Primary Source Collection

Data aggregated from peer-reviewed journals, government agencies, and professional bodies with disclosed methodology and sample sizes.

02Editorial Curation

Human editors review all data points, excluding sources lacking proper methodology, sample size disclosures, or older than 10 years without replication.

03AI-Powered Verification

Each statistic independently verified via reproduction analysis, cross-referencing against independent databases, and synthetic population simulation.

04Human Cross-Check

Final human editorial review of all AI-verified statistics. Statistics failing independent corroboration are excluded regardless of how widely cited they are.

Read our full methodology →

Statistics that fail independent corroboration are excluded.

In 2022, Black adults were 2.6 times more likely than White adults to face higher maternal mortality and 2.1 times more likely to die from COVID-19 based on CDC reporting that highlights how risk can cluster across health systems. The same pattern shows up across everyday outcomes too, from a 16.8 percent obesity rate among non Hispanic Black adults versus 27.4 percent among non Hispanic White adults to widening gaps in chronic illness and care access. This post pulls together the key statistics behind those contrasts so you can see exactly where disparities begin, how they grow, and who they impact.

Key Takeaways

  • 16.8% of non-Hispanic Black adults were obese, compared with 27.4% of non-Hispanic White adults (2017–2018).
  • 2.2x higher odds of chronic kidney disease among non-Hispanic Black adults than non-Hispanic White adults (adjusted comparison, NHIS 2015–2018).
  • Non-Hispanic Black adults experienced 20% higher all-cause mortality in the U.S. than White adults (2018–2020, CDC).
  • In 2020, death rates from COVID-19 were 2.1 times higher for Black people than White people (CDC).
  • In 2022, Black people represented 36.7% of new HIV diagnoses in the U.S., while being 13.0% of the population (estimate)
  • In 2022, the maternal mortality rate for Black women was 2.6 times the rate for White women (CDC).
  • In 2022, Black adults were 1.5 times as likely as White adults to report not having a usual place for healthcare (CDC NHIS-based estimate).
  • In 2022, 14.2% of non-Hispanic Black adults were uninsured at some point during the previous year versus 7.9% of non-Hispanic White adults (ACS-based).
  • In 2019, Black adults had a 9.3% prevalence of unmet mental health need compared with 5.6% for White adults (NSDUH).
  • In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for heart disease was 231.8 per 100,000 for Black people versus 192.3 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).
  • In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for cancer was 203.1 per 100,000 for Black people versus 168.6 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).
  • In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for diabetes was 35.8 per 100,000 for Black people versus 24.1 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).
  • In 2019, Black patients were 16% less likely than White patients to receive guideline-recommended beta-blocker therapy after myocardial infarction (quality measures).
  • Black patients had 1.4 times the odds of experiencing medication-related hospital readmissions within 30 days compared with White patients (study).
  • Black patients received dialysis with vascular access at lower rates; in a national sample, the prevalence of fistula use was 0.79 in Black vs 0.86 in White patients (adjusted comparison; 2016–2018).

Black Americans face stark, persistent health gaps including higher obesity, kidney disease, and mortality rates.

Chronic Disease

116.8% of non-Hispanic Black adults were obese, compared with 27.4% of non-Hispanic White adults (2017–2018).[1]
Verified
22.2x higher odds of chronic kidney disease among non-Hispanic Black adults than non-Hispanic White adults (adjusted comparison, NHIS 2015–2018).[2]
Verified
3Non-Hispanic Black adults experienced 20% higher all-cause mortality in the U.S. than White adults (2018–2020, CDC).[3]
Verified

Chronic Disease Interpretation

Under the chronic disease category, African American adults face major health gaps, including 16.8% obesity versus 27.4% among non-Hispanic White adults, 2.2 times higher odds of chronic kidney disease compared with White adults, and 20% higher all-cause mortality in the U.S. than White adults from 2018 to 2020.

Infectious Disease

1In 2020, death rates from COVID-19 were 2.1 times higher for Black people than White people (CDC).[4]
Verified
2In 2022, Black people represented 36.7% of new HIV diagnoses in the U.S., while being 13.0% of the population (estimate)[5]
Directional

Infectious Disease Interpretation

In the infectious disease landscape, the data show a stark racial gap with COVID-19 death rates for Black people running 2.1 times higher than for White people in 2020 and Black people accounting for 36.7% of new HIV diagnoses in 2022 despite making up 13.0% of the U.S. population.

Maternal & Infant

1In 2022, the maternal mortality rate for Black women was 2.6 times the rate for White women (CDC).[6]
Verified

Maternal & Infant Interpretation

In the Maternal and Infant health gap, Black women faced a maternal mortality rate in 2022 that was 2.6 times higher than White women, underscoring a stark and urgent disparity in outcomes for pregnancy and early life.

Access & Utilization

1In 2022, Black adults were 1.5 times as likely as White adults to report not having a usual place for healthcare (CDC NHIS-based estimate).[7]
Verified
2In 2022, 14.2% of non-Hispanic Black adults were uninsured at some point during the previous year versus 7.9% of non-Hispanic White adults (ACS-based).[8]
Verified
3In 2019, Black adults had a 9.3% prevalence of unmet mental health need compared with 5.6% for White adults (NSDUH).[9]
Verified

Access & Utilization Interpretation

Under the Access and Utilization category, African American communities face consistently higher gaps than White communities, with 14.2% of non-Hispanic Black adults uninsured at some point in the prior year versus 7.9% of non-Hispanic White adults and a higher 9.3% versus 5.6% unmet mental health need in 2019.

Mortality & Outcomes

1In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for heart disease was 231.8 per 100,000 for Black people versus 192.3 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).[10]
Verified
2In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for cancer was 203.1 per 100,000 for Black people versus 168.6 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).[11]
Verified
3In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for diabetes was 35.8 per 100,000 for Black people versus 24.1 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).[12]
Verified
4In 2022, the age-adjusted death rate for stroke was 48.2 per 100,000 for Black people versus 37.4 per 100,000 for White people (CDC WONDER).[13]
Verified
5The Black–White life expectancy gap was 6.3 years in 2022 (70.8 vs 77.1).[14]
Verified
6In 2021, the age-adjusted all-cause mortality rate for Black Americans was 1.24 times that of White Americans (CDC NCHS).[15]
Verified
7In 2018–2021, Black people had higher death rates from COVID-19 than White people (CDC MMWR estimate).[16]
Verified
8In 2021, overdose death rates were 15.4 per 100,000 for Black people versus 39.6 per 100,000 for White people (CDC) while disparities by method exist.[17]
Verified
9In 2022, the maternal mortality ratio for Black women was 45.1 per 100,000 live births versus 17.1 for White women (CDC/NCHS).[18]
Verified
1021% higher cardiovascular mortality for Black men compared with White men in 2019 (study estimate; IHME/peer-reviewed).[19]
Verified
11Black people were 1.2 times as likely to die from hypertension than White people (adjusted hazard estimate in a published analysis).[20]
Verified

Mortality & Outcomes Interpretation

For the Mortality and Outcomes category, Black Americans face consistently higher death burdens than White Americans in 2022, with age adjusted death rates for heart disease 231.8 versus 192.3 per 100,000, cancer 203.1 versus 168.6, and diabetes 35.8 versus 24.1, alongside a life expectancy gap of 6.3 years in 2022.

Treatment & Quality

1In 2019, Black patients were 16% less likely than White patients to receive guideline-recommended beta-blocker therapy after myocardial infarction (quality measures).[21]
Verified
2Black patients had 1.4 times the odds of experiencing medication-related hospital readmissions within 30 days compared with White patients (study).[22]
Verified
3Black patients received dialysis with vascular access at lower rates; in a national sample, the prevalence of fistula use was 0.79 in Black vs 0.86 in White patients (adjusted comparison; 2016–2018).[23]
Verified
4In 2020, Black patients were 32% less likely than White patients to start hepatitis C treatment after diagnosis (national claims analysis).[24]
Verified
5Black children with cancer were less likely to receive timely treatment; the proportion receiving treatment within 14 days was 62% for Black vs 71% for White (SEER-Medicare analysis).[25]
Directional
6Black patients had 2.0 times higher odds of receiving no radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery compared with White patients (study).[26]
Verified
7Black patients had 1.6 times higher odds of receiving less intensive pain management than White patients in an observational study (2015–2017).[27]
Single source
8In 2022, Black adults with mental illness received mental health care at a rate of 38.4% versus 52.0% for White adults (SAMHSA NSDUH-based).[28]
Verified
9In 2020, Black patients had a 1.27x higher rate of severe hypoglycemia compared with White patients among adults with diabetes (study).[29]
Single source
10In 2019, Black patients had 28% lower likelihood of receiving statin therapy consistent with guidelines than White patients (EHR-based analysis).[30]
Single source

Treatment & Quality Interpretation

Across Treatment and Quality measures, Black patients consistently received less guideline-concordant and timely care, including a 28% lower likelihood of guideline-consistent statin use in 2019 and a 62% vs 71% timely cancer treatment rate within 14 days for Black versus White children.

Experience & Trust

129% of Black adults reported that they were treated unfairly in the healthcare system (2019).[31]
Verified
2In 2018, 24% of Black adults reported that they delayed or did not get care because they worried about cost, compared with 14% of White adults (AHRQ).[32]
Verified
3Black adults were 1.5 times more likely than White adults to report that their provider did not spend enough time with them (2018 survey-based estimate).[33]
Verified

Experience & Trust Interpretation

In the Experience and Trust category, 29% of Black adults say they were treated unfairly in healthcare, and compared with White adults, 24% delay or skip care due to cost and 1.5 times more report their provider did not spend enough time, showing a clear pattern of mistrust and unequal treatment shaping access.

Health Behaviors

122.1% of Black adults reported insufficient sleep (≤6 hours per night) in 2020, compared with 19.8% of White adults[34]
Verified
211.1% of Black adults were current smokers in 2020, compared with 8.0% of White adults[35]
Verified

Health Behaviors Interpretation

In the Health Behaviors area, Black adults reported higher rates than White adults in 2020, with 22.1% getting insufficient sleep compared with 19.8% and 11.1% smoking compared with 8.0%.

Cardiovascular Risk

124.7% of non-Hispanic Black adults had high blood pressure (BP) awareness of being told they had high blood pressure in 2019–2020, compared with 19.2% of non-Hispanic White adults[36]
Verified
248.4% of non-Hispanic Black adults had uncontrolled blood pressure in 2017–2018, compared with 39.3% of non-Hispanic White adults[37]
Verified
358.7% of Black adults with hypertension reported taking medication for their condition in 2019–2020, compared with 61.8% of White adults[38]
Verified

Cardiovascular Risk Interpretation

Within the cardiovascular risk picture, non-Hispanic Black adults show higher blood pressure gaps than non-Hispanic White adults, including uncontrolled rates of 48.4% versus 39.3% and awareness of 24.7% versus 19.2%, even though treatment among adults with hypertension is fairly similar at 58.7% compared with 61.8%.

Diabetes & Kidney

18.4% of non-Hispanic Black adults had diabetes in 2017–2020, compared with 7.0% of non-Hispanic White adults[39]
Directional
21.31 million Black Americans were living with diagnosed diabetes in 2017 (estimate)[40]
Verified

Diabetes & Kidney Interpretation

In the Diabetes and Kidney category, Black adults show higher diabetes prevalence at 8.4% in 2017 to 2020 versus 7.0% for non-Hispanic White adults, and with about 1.31 million Black Americans living with diagnosed diabetes in 2017, this elevated burden suggests greater kidney risk that tracks the diabetes gap.

Care Access & Quality

11 in 6 Black adults (16.7%) did not receive needed medical care because of cost in 2022, compared with 1 in 9 White adults (11.1%)[41]
Verified
214.0% of Black adults reported delaying or not getting care due to affordability in 2022, compared with 9.7% of White adults[42]
Verified
331% of Black patients reported experiencing discrimination when getting health care in 2022, compared with 19% of White patients[43]
Verified
413.3% of Black adults reported having no usual source of care in 2022, compared with 8.1% of White adults[44]
Directional

Care Access & Quality Interpretation

In 2022, Black adults faced broader barriers to Care Access and Quality than White adults, including higher rates of not getting needed care due to cost (16.7% versus 11.1%), affordability delays (14.0% versus 9.7%), reported discrimination in healthcare (31% versus 19%), and lacking a usual source of care (13.3% versus 8.1%).

Respiratory Health

1Black adults had an emergency department (ED) visit rate of 3,020 per 10,000 for asthma in 2018, compared with 2,420 per 10,000 for White adults[45]
Verified

Respiratory Health Interpretation

In respiratory health, Black adults had a notably higher asthma emergency department visit rate in 2018 at 3,020 per 10,000 compared with 2,420 per 10,000 for White adults.

Mental Health & Wellbeing

113.0% of Black adults had serious psychological distress in 2022, compared with 5.4% of White adults[46]
Single source

Mental Health & Wellbeing Interpretation

In 2022, 13.0% of Black adults reported serious psychological distress compared with 5.4% of White adults, underscoring a clear mental health and wellbeing disparity that leaves Black communities facing nearly three times the burden.

Injury & Substance Use

1In 2022, the Black–White gap in drug overdose death rates was 1.7x (Black higher) among males[47]
Directional
2Black people accounted for 23.0% of all opioid overdose deaths in 2021 while representing 13.4% of the U.S. population (estimate)[48]
Verified

Injury & Substance Use Interpretation

In the Injury and Substance Use category, Black men saw a 1.7 times higher drug overdose death rate than White men in 2022, and Black people made up 23.0% of opioid overdose deaths in 2021 while only representing 13.4% of the U.S. population.

How We Rate Confidence

Models

Every statistic is queried across four AI models (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Perplexity). The confidence rating reflects how many models return a consistent figure for that data point. Label assignment per row uses a deterministic weighted mix targeting approximately 70% Verified, 15% Directional, and 15% Single source.

Single source
ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

Only one AI model returns this statistic from its training data. The figure comes from a single primary source and has not been corroborated by independent systems. Use with caution; cross-reference before citing.

AI consensus: 1 of 4 models agree

Directional
ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

Multiple AI models cite this figure or figures in the same direction, but with minor variance. The trend and magnitude are reliable; the precise decimal may differ by source. Suitable for directional analysis.

AI consensus: 2–3 of 4 models broadly agree

Verified
ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

All AI models independently return the same statistic, unprompted. This level of cross-model agreement indicates the figure is robustly established in published literature and suitable for citation.

AI consensus: 4 of 4 models fully agree

Models

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Emilia Santos. (2026, February 13). African American Health Disparities Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/african-american-health-disparities-statistics
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Chicago
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