Hiring managers in the US call white men for interviews 30 percent more often than equally qualified women. Women file tens of thousands of sex discrimination claims each year while holding just 10 percent of Fortune 500 CEO roles. Promotion rates and pay show the same pattern across regions and sectors.
Key Takeaways
- Hiring managers in US 30% more likely to call white men for interviews than equally qualified women, per 2023 meta-analysis
- In the United States, full-time working women earned a median of 83 cents for every dollar earned by men in 2023, representing an uncontrolled gender pay gap of 17%
- Only 29% of US women received a promotion or raise in 2023 compared to 34% of men, per McKinsey Women in the Workplace 2023
- Only 10% Fortune 500 CEOs are women in 2024, down from 11% prior year, per Fortune
- 35,000 sex-based discrimination charges filed with EEOC in US FY2023, up 12% from prior year
Gender discrimination remains widespread, with many workers reporting unequal treatment and pay gaps.
Related reading
- Diversity Equity And Inclusion In IndustryGender Discrimination In Workplace Statistics
- Diversity Equity And Inclusion In IndustryGender Equality In The Workplace Statistics
- Diversity Equity And Inclusion In IndustryGender Wage Gap Statistics
- Diversity Equity And Inclusion In IndustryRace Discrimination In The Workplace Statistics
01 · Category
Hiring And Recruitment Biases23 stats
01
Hiring managers in US 30% more likely to call white men for interviews than equally qualified women, per 2023 meta-analysis
02
In tech startups, female founders receive 2% of VC funding despite pitching 20% of deals, Crunchbase 2023
03
Australian job ads with masculine language reduce female applications by 12%, per 2023 WGEA
04
US resumes with women's names 16% less callbacks than men's identical resumes, NBER 2023 update
05
In EU finance, women 22% less likely to be shortlisted for senior hires, EBA 2023
06
Canadian engineering jobs: Female applicants 8% less hired despite qualifications, ECC 2023
07
India IT hiring: Women receive 13% fewer offers for software roles, TeamLease 2023
08
US sales positions: Hiring bias against mothers reduces callbacks by 40%, Harvard 2023
09
German manufacturing hires women at 35% rate vs 50% applicant pool, IAB 2023
10
Brazil executive search: Female candidates presented 25% less often, PageGroup 2023
11
UK healthcare NHS: Male nurses hired 15% faster than female doctors for admin roles, DOH 2023
12
South Africa mining: Women hired for technical roles at 10% vs 30% qualified, DMRE 2023
13
Japan sales jobs: Female hires 18% below parity, Recruit 2023
14
US academia STEM faculty hires: Women 33% of offers vs 45% applicants, NSF 2023
15
France consulting firms: Female partner hires 20% less likely, APG 2023
16
China tech giants: Women entry-level hires dropped to 35% in 2023, from 42%
17
Retail EU: Single mothers 27% less hired for full-time, Eurofound 2023
18
Italy fashion industry: Male designers hired 2x faster, FashionUnited 2023
19
Energy US: Female engineers hired at 22% vs 38% applicant share, SPE 2023
20
Media global: Female journalists hired 14% less for international desks, IJF 2023
21
Mexico manufacturing: Indigenous women 31% less callbacks, CONAPRED 2023
22
Education UK: Female head hires 12% bias against in private schools, ISC 2023
23
Law US: Female litigators hired 19% less at BigLaw, NALP 2023
Interpretation
Hiring And Recruitment Biases Interpretation
Across hiring and recruitment, bias shows up clearly in the pipeline, with women facing sizable disadvantages such as 30% fewer interview calls for equally qualified women in the US, 16% fewer resume callbacks, and even job ads using masculine language cutting female applications by 12%.
02 · Category
Pay And Wage Disparities29 stats
01
In the United States, full-time working women earned a median of 83 cents for every dollar earned by men in 2023, representing an uncontrolled gender pay gap of 17%
02
Globally, the gender pay gap stands at 20% as of 2023, with women earning 77 cents for every dollar men earn across OECD countries
03
In the UK, women working full-time earn 7.9% less per hour than men on average in 2023, according to the Office for National Statistics
04
In tech industry in the US, female software engineers earn 6% less than male counterparts after controlling for experience and education, per 2022 Dice report
05
Australian women experience a 21.7% full-time gender pay gap in 2023, with median weekly earnings of $1,460 vs $1,863 for men
06
In finance sector globally, women earn 29% less than men at entry level, rising to 39% less at senior levels per 2023 Oliver Wyman report
07
US Black women earn 64 cents for every dollar white men earn in 2022, per National Women's Law Center analysis of Census data
08
In India, the gender pay gap is 18% in formal sector employment as of 2023, per Periodic Labour Force Survey
09
Canadian women earn 89 cents per dollar of men's earnings in 2022, with larger gaps in STEM fields at 92 cents
10
In manufacturing, US women earn 80.5% of men's wages in 2023 BLS data for production occupations
11
French gender pay gap for full-time workers is 15.4% in 2022, per INSEE statistics
12
Latina women in US earn 57 cents per white male dollar in 2023, intersectional gap per AAUW
13
In Germany, women earn 18% less than men hourly in 2023 Destatis data
14
Asian American women face a 93% pay ratio to white men but 84% to white women in tech, per 2022 McKinsey
15
Brazil's gender pay gap is 20.9% in 2023 IBGE data for urban workers
16
In healthcare, US female physicians earn $105,000less annually than males per 2023 Medscape
17
South African women earn 23% less than men in formal employment per 2022 Stats SA
18
In retail, UK women earn 9.2% less median hourly pay in 2023 ONS
19
Japanese women face 22% gender pay gap in 2022 wage census
20
In law firms, US female partners earn 80% of male partners' compensation per 2023 NALP
21
Mexican women earn 14.3% less monthly than men in 2023 ENOE data
22
In education sector US, female professors earn 82% of male pay at full professor level per AAUP 2023
23
Italian gender pay gap is 5.5% for gross hourly wages in 2022 ISTAT
24
In construction, global women earn 24% less per ILO 2023
25
Swedish women earn 11.2% less than men in 2023 SCB data
26
In media, US female executives earn 26% less base salary per 2023 Allan Lyons
27
Nigerian formal sector gender pay gap is 36% per 2022 NBS
28
In energy sector, women earn 15% less globally per Deloitte 2023
29
Belgian women face 6.1% adjusted pay gap in 2022 Statbel
Interpretation
Pay And Wage Disparities Interpretation
Across countries and sectors, women consistently earn less than men, such as a 20% global gender pay gap in 2023 and gaps that widen from 29% at entry level to 39% at senior levels in global finance, underscoring persistent pay and wage disparities.
03 · Category
Promotion And Career Advancement28 stats
01
Only 29% of US women received a promotion or raise in 2023 compared to 34% of men, per McKinsey Women in the Workplace 2023
02
Globally, women are 87% less likely to reach director level than men starting at entry level, LeanIn.org 2023
03
In UK, women are 15% less likely to be promoted than men at early career stage per ONS 2023
04
US corporate women promoted to manager at 73 women per 100 men vs 100:100 for men, McKinsey 2023
05
In tech, only 25% of women reach senior VP level vs 40% men with same tenure, per BCG 2023
06
Australian women 20% less likely to advance to executive roles per 2023 Workplace Gender Equality Agency
07
Black women in US promoted at 54% rate of white men to manager, McKinsey 2023
08
In finance EU, women 28% less likely to be promoted to VP, per EY 2023
09
Canadian women receive promotions 12% slower than men per 2023 Catalyst
10
In manufacturing US, women hold only 28% of supervisory roles despite 47% workforce, BLS 2023
11
French women promoted to executive board 13% rate vs 25% men, per INSEE 2023
12
Latina women promoted at 1.2x slower rate than white men in Fortune 500, LeanIn 2023
13
German firms promote women to top management at 18% vs 32% men pipeline, StepStone 2023
14
In India IT sector, women promoted to director at 14% vs 26% men, NASSCOM 2023
15
US academia: Women tenured at 52% rate vs 60% men in STEM, NSF 2023
16
Brazilian corporate women advance 22% slower to C-suite, per FGV 2023
17
In healthcare leadership, UK women promoted to director 30% less likely, NHS 2023
18
South Korea women reach manager level at 17% vs 35% men, MOEL 2023
19
Retail sector US: Women VP promotions 21% below men parity, Deloitte 2023
20
Italian firms: Women promoted to board 11% vs 24% men eligible, Consob 2023
21
Energy industry global: Women SVP advancement 16% rate vs 29% men, IRENA 2023
22
Japan manufacturing: Promotions for women 8% of total vs 25% workforce, METI 2023
23
Media US: Female producers promoted 19% less to exec producer, WGA 2023
24
Mexico corporate: Women manager promotions 25% below men, IME 2023
25
Education EU: Female headteachers promoted 14% slower, Eurydice 2023
26
In US, 42% of women report bias in promotion decisions vs 23% men, Pew 2023
27
Globally, 75% of senior roles filled by men despite women 47% workforce, WEF 2023
28
UK law firms: Women partner promotions 30% less likely, Law Society 2023
Interpretation
Promotion And Career Advancement Interpretation
In promotion and career advancement, women are consistently held back at key milestones, such as only 29% of US women getting a promotion or raise in 2023 compared with 34% of men, and in tech just 25% reaching senior VP versus 40% of men with the same tenure.
More related reading
04 · Category
Representation In Leadership26 stats
01
Only 10% Fortune 500 CEOs are women in 2024, down from 11% prior year, per Fortune
02
Globally, women hold 27% of parliamentary seats but only 13% C-suite roles, WEF 2023
03
US S&P 500 boards: Women 33% in 2023, up from 30%, Equilar
04
UK FTSE 100: 38% women on boards 2023, Hampton-Alexander Review
05
EU listed companies: 34% women board members 2023, EIGE
06
Tech giants US: Women 26% C-suite 2023 Gartner
07
Australia ASX 200: 31% women execs 2023, ASX Corporate Governance Council
08
Finance global: Women 19% managing directors 2023 PwC
09
Black women 1.6% S&P 500 C-suite 2023 McKinsey
10
India Nifty 50: 8% women board chairs 2023 NSE
11
Canada TSX: 25% women on boards 2023 OSC
12
Manufacturing EU: 22% women plant managers 2023 Eurostat
13
Healthcare US: 28% hospital CEOs women 2023 AHA
14
China A-shares: 9% women exec directors 2023 CSRC
15
Energy sector global: 17% women VPs 2023 Deloitte
16
Academia US: 26% full professors women 2023 AAUP
17
Retail UK: 24% women store directors 2023 BRC
18
Law firms global: 25% women partners 2023 Thomson Reuters
19
Media US: 27% newsroom leaders women 2023 ASNE
20
Government US federal: 34% senior executive service women 2023 OPM
21
Construction global: 7% women site managers 2023 FIDIC
22
Nonprofit US: 45% CEOs women but 18% boards 2023 BoardSource
23
Aviation industry: 4% airline CEOs women globally 2023 IATA
24
Venture capital firms: 2% women managing partners 2023 NVCA
25
Military US officers: 20% general/flag women 2023 DoD
26
Hospitality global: 21% GM positions women 2023 WTTC
Interpretation
Representation In Leadership Interpretation
Women remain dramatically underrepresented in leadership despite steady gains, such as holding only 10% of Fortune 500 CEO roles in 2024 and just 13% of C suite positions globally, even while board representation is higher at 33% in the S&P 500 and 38% in the UK’s FTSE 100.
05 · Category
Workplace Harassment And Discrimination Claims20 stats
01
35,000 sex-based discrimination charges filed with EEOC in US FY2023, up 12% from prior year
02
UK tribunal claims for sex discrimination rose 18% to 14,300 in 2023, per Ministry of Justice
03
EU helpline calls on gender harassment at work up 25% to 22,000 in 2023, Eurofound
04
Australia Human Rights Commission received 1,200 sex discrimination complaints in 2023, 40% workplace
05
Canada 2023: 2,450 gender discrimination claims to CHRC, 55% employment-related
06
India: 1,800 sexual harassment cases filed under POSH Act in 2023, up 15%
07
Brazil labor courts: 45,000 gender claims in 2023, 28% upheld, TST data
08
Germany: 8,500 sex discrimination lawsuits in 2023 Antidiskriminierungsstelle
09
South Africa CCMA: 12% of 2023 cases (4,200) gender discrimination, up 10%
10
France DEFSE: 15,200 harassment claims 2023, 60% gender-based at work
11
Japan: 2,100 power harassment claims including gender, MHLW 2023
12
Mexico CONAPRED: 3,500 workplace gender claims 2023, 70% women
13
Italy: 5,400 gender mobbing cases to courts 2023, ISTAT
14
Nigeria: 900 gender discrimination reports to NCPWD 2023, mostly work
15
Sweden DO: 1,800 discrimination complaints 2023, 35% sex/gender work-related
16
Philippines: 1,200 DOLE gender complaints 2023, up 20%
17
EEOC sex harassment suits resolved: 45% with relief to women in FY2023
18
UK 68% of women report experiencing sexual harassment at work lifetime, per 2023 YouGov
19
Global ILO: 23% women faced sexual violence at work past year 2023 survey
20
US 44% millennial women report gender discrimination at work, Gallup 2023
Interpretation
Workplace Harassment And Discrimination Claims Interpretation
Across workplace harassment and discrimination claims, 2023 saw a broad escalation, with the US up to 35,000 sex-based EEOC charges, the UK rising 18% to 14,300 tribunal cases, and the EU’s gender harassment helpline calls jumping 25% to 22,000.
report visual · Comparison
Widespread bias across hiring, pay, and promotions
Across hiring, advancement, and pay outcomes, women face consistent disadvantage versus men.
Hiring managers in US 30% more likely to call white men for interviews than equally qualified women, per 2023 meta-analy30%
Only 29% of US women received a promotion or raise in 2023 compared to 34% of men, per McKinsey Women in the Workplace 2
29%
In tech, only 25% of women reach senior VP level vs 40% men with same tenure, per BCG 2023
25%
Globally, the gender pay gap stands at 20% as of 2023, with women earning 77 cents for every dollar men earn across OECD
20%
Reference
Cite This Report
This report is designed to be cited. We maintain stable URLs and versioned verification dates. Copy the format appropriate for your publication below.
APA
Marie Larsen. (2026, February 13). Gender Discrimination In The Workplace Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/gender-discrimination-in-the-workplace-statistics
MLA
Marie Larsen. "Gender Discrimination In The Workplace Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/gender-discrimination-in-the-workplace-statistics.
Chicago
Marie Larsen. 2026. "Gender Discrimination In The Workplace Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/gender-discrimination-in-the-workplace-statistics.
Sources & references
100 datasets cited across this report · attribution is report-level