Key Takeaways
- In the United States, approximately 433,648 people are sexually assaulted each year
- Globally, 1 in 3 women worldwide have experienced physical and/or sexual violence, mostly by an intimate partner
- In 2021, there were 463,634 victims of rape and sexual assault in the US according to NCVS
- Women aged 16-19 are 4 times more likely to be victims of rape, attempted rape, or sexual assault
- 94% of sexual abuse victims under age 12 know their perpetrator
- Black women are 1.5 times more likely to experience sexual violence than white women
- 70% of perpetrators are known to adult victims
- 93% of child sexual abuse perpetrators are male
- 60% of perpetrators are white, 20% Black, 10% Hispanic in US reports
- Only 6% of rapists are prosecuted to conviction
- 310,000 cases annually, but only 57,000 reported
- Of reported cases, 31% lead to arrest
- 70% of victims experience PTSD post-assault
- 94% of women victims have symptoms of PTSD 3 months after
- Suicide attempt risk 4x higher for sexual assault survivors
Sexual assault is devastatingly common and occurs across all communities worldwide.
Effects on Victims
- 70% of victims experience PTSD post-assault
- 94% of women victims have symptoms of PTSD 3 months after
- Suicide attempt risk 4x higher for sexual assault survivors
- 33% of rape victims contemplate suicide
- Victims 3x more likely to suffer depression
- 50% develop substance abuse disorders
- 30-50% lifetime risk of revictimization
- Economic cost: $127 billion annually in US from sexual violence
- 37% miss work/school post-assault
- Somatic symptoms like chronic pain in 50% of survivors
- Relationship dissolution in 40% of cases
- 68% experience sexual dysfunction long-term
- Child victims 2-3x more likely to abuse drugs as adults
- 80% report fear/anxiety disorders
- Medical costs average $3,200 per victim initially
- 16% of victims contract STDs from assault
- Pregnancy from rape: 5% of adolescent victims
- Sleep disturbances in 70% for over a year
- Dissociative disorders in 25% of severe cases
- Lost productivity: $7.1 billion yearly
- 45% of survivors avoid places reminding of trauma
- Eating disorders 2x more prevalent
- 60% report trust issues in relationships
- Brain changes: smaller hippocampus in survivors
- 20-30% develop chronic pelvic pain
- Intergenerational: mothers' victimization increases child risk 3x
- 50% of victims seek therapy, but only 20% complete
Effects on Victims Interpretation
Offender Profiles
- 70% of perpetrators are known to adult victims
- 93% of child sexual abuse perpetrators are male
- 60% of perpetrators are white, 20% Black, 10% Hispanic in US reports
- 42% of rapists are serial offenders
- Average rapist has 5-10 victims over lifetime
- 50% of offenders are under 30 years old
- 72% of rapists and 61% of child molesters were victims of sexual assault themselves
- In campus assaults, 90% of perpetrators are known to victim (often students)
- 80% of child sexual abusers are family members or acquaintances
- Male offenders account for 96% of child sexual abuse cases
- 30% of perpetrators have prior criminal convictions
- Alcohol involved in 50% of offender behaviors during assault
- 25% of offenders are intimate partners
- Fraternity members 3x more likely to commit rape
- 63% of men who raped had children by age 30
- Offenders often use coercion: 80% non-physical tactics first
- 40% of offenders are unemployed or low socioeconomic status
- Repeat offenders commit 400,000 serial rapes annually in US
- 57% of campus perpetrators are serial offenders
- White offenders 69%, Black 27% in NCVS data
- 75% of perpetrators are aged 18-35
- Family members perpetrate 34% of child sexual assaults
- 20% of offenders are authority figures (teachers, coaches)
- Drug use (non-alcohol) in 20% of offenders
- 65% of juvenile offenders reoffend sexually within 2 years
- Intimate partners as offenders: 38% of assaults
Offender Profiles Interpretation
Prevalence Rates
- In the United States, approximately 433,648 people are sexually assaulted each year
- Globally, 1 in 3 women worldwide have experienced physical and/or sexual violence, mostly by an intimate partner
- In 2021, there were 463,634 victims of rape and sexual assault in the US according to NCVS
- 91% of sexual assault victims are female
- Every 68 seconds, an American is sexually assaulted
- College-age women (18-24) are 3 times more likely than women in general to suffer sexual assault
- 21% of US female military service members have experienced sexual assault
- In India, 32,033 rape cases were reported in 2021
- Lifetime prevalence of rape among US women is 21.3%
- 1 in 4 girls and 1 in 13 boys in the US experience child sexual abuse
- In the UK, 800,000 women are raped or sexually assaulted annually
- 82% of sexual assaults occur in a residence
- In Australia, 1 in 5 women have experienced sexual violence since age 15
- US college students age 18-24 are at higher risk, with 13% of female undergrads experiencing nonconsensual sexual contact
- Globally, 120 million girls under 20 (about 10%) have experienced forced intercourse or other forced sexual acts
- In South Africa, 1 in 4 men admitted to raping someone
- 47% of transgender people are sexually assaulted in their lifetime
- In the EU, 5% of women have been raped since age 15
- US Native American/Alaska Native women are 2.5 times more likely to be raped than white women
- 1 in 71 men in the US has been raped
- In Canada, 51% of women and 29% of men have experienced unwanted sexual activity
- 68% of sexual assaults are not reported to police
- In Brazil, over 66,000 rapes reported in 2021
- Lifetime risk of rape or attempted rape for US women is 14.8%
- In Sweden, 9% of women report sexual offenses since age 15
- 12.5% of female undergrads and 5.1% of male undergrads experienced nonconsensual sexual penetration
- In Nigeria, 24.5% of women aged 15-49 experienced sexual violence
- US high school students: 11% of girls and 5% of boys experienced sexual dating violence
- In Japan, 4.7% of women experienced sexual violence by intimate partner
- 81% of rape victims are female, 9% are male, 11% unknown
Prevalence Rates Interpretation
Reporting and Justice System
- Only 6% of rapists are prosecuted to conviction
- 310,000 cases annually, but only 57,000 reported
- Of reported cases, 31% lead to arrest
- 5% of cases lead to felony conviction
- Less than 1% of rapists serve more than 1 year in prison
- Rape conviction rate in UK: 1.7% of reported cases
- 63% of assaults not reported due to fear of reprisal
- Police clearance rate for rape: 40% in US cities
- False rape reports: 2-10% of cases
- 994 perpetrators arrested daily, but only 5.7 convicted
- In colleges, only 10% of assaults reported to police
- Backlog of 100,000 untested rape kits in US
- 18% of sexual assaults reported within 24 hours
- Attrition rate: 60-70% drop from report to prosecution
- Juvenile cases: 25% prosecuted as adults
- Victim credibility questioned in 60% of cases
- DNA evidence solves 40% of tested cases
- In India, conviction rate for rape: 27% in 2021
- 80% of unreported due to shame or fear
- Prison rape reports: 60% not investigated
- Average sentence for rape: 5-8 years served
- Military: only 10% of assaults lead to court-martial
- Cyber-reported assaults rising 20% yearly
- 40% of reports by minors lead to prosecution
- Plea bargains in 90% of convictions, reducing sentences
- International: 13 countries have no rape laws
- Recidivism tracking fails in 50% of cases post-release
Reporting and Justice System Interpretation
Victim Profiles
- Women aged 16-19 are 4 times more likely to be victims of rape, attempted rape, or sexual assault
- 94% of sexual abuse victims under age 12 know their perpetrator
- Black women are 1.5 times more likely to experience sexual violence than white women
- 1 in 3 Native American women experience sexual assault in their lifetime
- Transgender students are 2.79 times more likely to experience sexual assault than cisgender students
- 49% of female rape victims were raped by a current or former intimate partner
- Lesbians and bisexual women are 2.5 times more likely to experience rape than heterosexual women
- 67% of female victims of sexual assault were under 18 at the time
- Rural women experience higher rates of sexual violence (22%) vs urban (18%)
- 1 in 6 women have been raped in the US, compared to 1 in 33 men
- Hispanic women have a lifetime prevalence of 14.6% for sexual violence
- Disabled women are 2-3 times more likely to be sexually assaulted
- 90% of child sexual abuse victims are girls
- Elderly women (over 60) report 4% prevalence of sexual assault
- Immigrant women face 2.3 times higher risk due to vulnerabilities
- Low-income women have 2x higher rates of sexual violence victimization
- Alcohol use at time of assault in 50% of female college victims
- 40% of sexual assault victims are under 18 years old
- White women: 18.8% lifetime rape prevalence, Black: 22%
- Homeless women experience sexual assault at rates up to 36%
- Female veterans: 29% lifetime sexual assault
- Asian/Pacific Islander women: lower reported but underreported at 6.8%
- 1 in 10 women are sexually assaulted by age 18
- Multiracial women highest at 33.5% lifetime prevalence
- Female inmates: 57% experienced prior sexual trauma
- 96% of sexual assault victims under 12 know attacker
Victim Profiles Interpretation
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