Mexico City is the capital of a federal presidential republic, and the country’s population is estimated at 129,875,529 people as of July 2023. Spanish is spoken by 92.7% of Mexicans, while Nahuatl is spoken by 1.7%. Mexico has 35 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and its median age is 29.6 years, with a total fertility rate of 1.85 births per woman (2023).
Key Takeaways
- Roman Catholicism is practiced by 77.7% of Mexicans (2020 census)
- Evangelical Protestants 11.2%, non-religious 10.6% (2020)
- Spanish is official language, spoken by 92.7%, Nahuatl by 1.7%
- Mexico's population as of July 2023: July 2026: June 2026 is estimated at 129,875,529 people
- The median age in Mexico is 29.6 years (male: 28.6 years, female: 30.7 years) as of 2023
- Mexico's total fertility rate is 1.85 children born per woman (2023 est.)
- Mexico's unemployment rate is 3.3% (2022)
- GDP (PPP) of Mexico is $2.917 trillion (2022 est.)
- GDP (official exchange rate) is $1.465 trillion (2022 est.)
- Mexico's total land area is 1,964,375 sq km
- Water area is 20,210 sq km (1% of total)
- Mexico's coastline is 9,330 km
- Mexico's government type is federal presidential republic
- Capital is Mexico City (Ciudad de México)
- Administrative divisions: 31 states and 1 capital city
Mexico blends rich Indigenous culture, strong literacy, and booming tourism, with 77.7 percent Roman Catholicism.
Related reading
01 · Category
Culture30 stats
01
Roman Catholicism is practiced by 77.7% of Mexicans (2020 census)
02
Evangelical Protestants 11.2%, non-religious 10.6% (2020)
03
Spanish is official language, spoken by 92.7%, Nahuatl by 1.7%
04
Mexico has 35 UNESCO World Heritage Sites (cultural)
05
Literacy rate 95% (2020)
06
Mexico produces 90% of world's avocados
07
Tequila is protected origin from Jalisco, Mexico exports 400 million liters/year
08
Day of the Dead (Día de Muertos) recognized by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage
09
Mexico has over 150 indigenous groups
10
Mariachi music UNESCO Intangible Heritage
11
Charrería national sport since 1936
12
Mexico has 1,500+ museums
13
Frida Kahlo born 1907, iconic cultural figure
14
Octavio Paz Nobel Prize in Literature 1990
15
Mexico City metro carries 4.5 million passengers daily
16
Lucha libre wrestling popular since 1933
17
Mexican cuisine UNESCO Intangible Heritage 2010
18
Piñatas originated in Mexico, now global
19
Alebrijes folk art from 1936 Oaxaca
20
Posada prints popularized calaveras (sugar skulls)
21
Mexico has 144 million mobile phone subscriptions (2022)
22
92% internet penetration (2023)
23
36 million international tourists visited Mexico in 2023
24
Cancun receives 6 million tourists annually
25
Chichen Itza one of New 7 Wonders, 2.5 million visitors/year
26
Teotihuacan pyramid complex 3 million visitors/year
27
68% of Mexicans speak Spanish as first language (2020 census)
28
Mayan language speakers 800,000+
29
Mexico's homicide rate 28 per 100,000 (2022)
30
42 million Facebook users in Mexico (2023)
Interpretation
Culture Interpretation
Mexico’s cultural landscape is both deeply rooted in tradition and widely shared, with Roman Catholicism practiced by 77.7% of Mexicans and Spanish spoken by 92.7% alongside 35 UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
02 · Category
Demographics23 stats
01
Mexico's population as of July 2023: June 2026 is estimated at 129,875,529 people
02
The median age in Mexico is 29.6 years (male: 28.6 years, female: 30.7 years) as of 2023
03
Mexico's total fertility rate is 1.85 children born per woman (2023 est.)
04
Life expectancy at birth in Mexico is 72.8 years for males and 78.4 years for females (2023 est.)
05
Mexico has an infant mortality rate of 11.8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2023 est.)
06
77.1% of Mexico's population lives in urban areas (2023)
07
Mexico's population growth rate is 0.78% (2023 est.)
08
Net migration rate to Mexico is -0.3 migrant(s) per 1,000 population (2023 est.)
09
Mexico's sex ratio at birth is 1.05 male(s)/female
10
96.9% of Mexicans aged 15 and over can read and write (male: 97.2%, female: 96.6%) (2020)
11
Mexico's largest ethnic group is mestizo (about 62%), followed by predominantly indigenous (21%)
12
There are 68 indigenous languages spoken by more than 370,000 people in Mexico
13
Mexico City has a population of 9,209,944 (2020 census)
14
Guadalajara metropolitan area population is 5,268,642 (2020)
15
Monterrey metropolitan area has 4,753,953 residents (2020)
16
Mexico's birth rate is 14.7 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
17
Death rate is 5.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
18
Mexico ranks 10th most populous country in the world (2023)
19
25.6% of Mexico's population is under 15 years old (2023)
20
65.5% is between 15-64 years, and 8.9% is 65+ (2023)
21
Mexico's population density is 67 people per km² (2023)
22
99.1% of Mexico's population has access to improved drinking water (2020)
23
92.8% has access to improved sanitation facilities (2020)
Interpretation
Demographics Interpretation
Mexico’s demographics show a young, mostly urban population, with a median age of 29.6 years and 77.1% living in urban areas, while fertility remains at 1.85 children per woman and life expectancy averages about 75.6 years overall.
03 · Category
Economy23 stats
01
Mexico's unemployment rate is 3.3% (2022)
02
GDP (PPP) of Mexico is $2.917 trillion (2022 est.)
03
GDP (official exchange rate) is $1.465 trillion (2022 est.)
04
GDP per capita (PPP) is $22,400(2022 est.)
05
Real GDP growth rate is 3.9% (2022 est.)
06
Inflation rate (CPI) is 7.9% (2022 est.)
07
Mexico's public debt is 54.7% of GDP (2021 est.)
08
Budget revenues are $332.1 billion, expenditures $357.1 billion (2022 est.)
09
Mexico's current account balance is -$10.39 billion (2022 est.)
10
Exports are $578.2 billion (2022 est.)
11
Imports are $604.2 billion (2022 est.)
12
Mexico is the 12th largest exporter globally
13
Main exports include cars, vehicle parts ($100 billion, 2022)
14
Crude petroleum exports $57.3 billion (2022)
15
Mexico's labor force is 60.5 million (2021 est.)
16
Agriculture employs 12.4%, industry 24.1%, services 63.5% (2019)
17
GDP by sector: agriculture 3.4%, industry 30.8%, services 65.7% (2022 est.)
18
3.3% unemployment rate in 2022 (Mexico)
19
4.1% unemployment rate in 2021 (Mexico)
20
3.5% unemployment rate in 2020 (Mexico)
21
3.4% unemployment rate in 2019 (Mexico)
22
3.6% unemployment rate in 2018 (Mexico)
23
3.7% unemployment rate in 2017 (Mexico)
Interpretation
Economy Interpretation
From an Economy perspective, Mexico’s job market looks relatively steady with a 3.3% unemployment rate in 2022, even as the country posts solid growth of 3.9% and faces noticeably higher inflation at 7.9%.
More related reading
report visual · Projection
Mexico unemployment rate trend (2017–2022)
Mexico’s unemployment rate trended downward from 2017 to 2022, with the lowest level in 2022 (leader) and a gap between the peak in 2017 and the 2022 bottom.
3.7 percent
Start
-2.26%
CAGR · 5y
3.3 percent
Projected
20172022
source-verifiedimf.org2022
04 · Category
Geography21 stats
01
Mexico's total land area is 1,964,375 sq km
02
Water area is 20,210 sq km (1% of total)
03
Mexico's coastline is 9,330 km
04
Maritime claims: territorial sea 12 nm, contiguous zone 24 nm, EEZ 200 nm
05
Climate is mostly tropical or desert, temperate aloft and arctic on high peaks
06
Terrain includes high central plateau (llanos), mountains, deserts, tropical basin, swamps
07
Elevation extremes: lowest point Laguna Salada -10 m, highest Pico de Orizaba 5,636 m
08
Natural resources: petroleum, silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, timber
09
Land use: arable land 11.8%, permanent crops 1.4%, permanent pasture 42.4%, forest 33.7%, others 10.7% (2018)
10
Irrigated land: 67,350 sq km (2012)
11
Major rivers: Rio Grande (Rio Bravo del Norte) 3,057 km, Grijalva 685 km, Usumacinta 655 km
12
Mexico has 53,597 km of railways (2021)
13
Roadways total 949,121 km, paved 471,268 km (2017)
14
Waterways 2,900 km (navigable rivers and coastal canals, mostly used by small craft)
15
Mexico's total renewable water resources are 457.2 billion cubic meters (2017)
16
Natural hazards include tsunamis, volcanoes, earthquakes, hurricanes, flooding, droughts
17
Mexico City is the highest capital city at 2,240 m above sea level
18
Mexico has 11 UNESCO World Heritage Sites for natural landscapes
19
Forest area covers 34.6% of land (2020)
20
Mexico ranks 1st globally in reptile species with 957 species
21
11.9% of Mexico's land is protected areas (2022)
Interpretation
Geography Interpretation
Mexico’s geography is defined by its vast 1,964,375 sq km land area and long 9,330 km coastline, with maritime reach extending to a 200 nm EEZ, shaping a country of mostly tropical and desert climates and varied terrain from high plateaus to mountains and swamps.
05 · Category
Government20 stats
01
Mexico's government type is federal presidential republic
02
Capital is Mexico City (Ciudad de México)
03
Administrative divisions: 31 states and 1 capital city
04
Independence from Spain on 16 September 1810 (declared), 27 September 1821 (recognized)
05
Constitution adopted 5 February 1917
06
National holiday is Independence Day, 16 September (1810)
07
Suffrage is universal and compulsory 18-70 years, optional 70+ and 18-17
08
President serves 6-year term, non-renewable
09
Legislative branch: bicameral Congress (Senate 128 seats, Chamber of Deputies 500 seats)
10
Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Justice (21 ministers)
11
Mexico has diplomatic relations with 195 countries
12
Current president Claudia Sheinbaum elected in 2024
13
Corruption Perceptions Index rank 126/180 (2023), score 31/100
14
Human Development Index rank 77/193 (2022), score 0.781
15
Mexico's military budget is 0.6% of GDP (2022)
16
Active military personnel: 216,425 (2022)
17
Mexico is a member of UN, WTO, OECD, G20, USMCA
18
Press Freedom Index rank 128/180 (2023)
19
Mexico has 32 federal entities, each with its own constitution and congress
20
Voter turnout in 2024 presidential election was 60.7%
Interpretation
Government Interpretation
Mexico’s government is a federal presidential republic with 31 states plus Mexico City as the capital, and its constitutional framework was solidified on 5 February 1917 after independence was declared in 1810 and recognized in 1821.
Reference
Cite This Report
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APA
Priyanka Sharma. (2026, February 13). Mexico Statistics. Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/mexico-statistics
MLA
Priyanka Sharma. "Mexico Statistics." Gitnux, 13 Feb 2026, https://gitnux.org/mexico-statistics.
Chicago
Priyanka Sharma. 2026. "Mexico Statistics." Gitnux. https://gitnux.org/mexico-statistics.