GITNUXSOFTWARE ADVICE
Technology Digital MediaTop 9 Best Flipping Pages Software of 2026
Compare the top 10 Flipping Pages Software tools, including FlipHTML5, Flipsnack, and Publuu, then choose the best fit for your pages.
How we ranked these tools
Core product claims cross-referenced against official documentation, changelogs, and independent technical reviews.
Analyzed video reviews and hundreds of written evaluations to capture real-world user experiences with each tool.
AI persona simulations modeled how different user types would experience each tool across common use cases and workflows.
Final rankings reviewed and approved by our editorial team with authority to override AI-generated scores based on domain expertise.
Score: Features 40% · Ease 30% · Value 30%
Gitnux may earn a commission through links on this page — this does not influence rankings. Editorial policy
Editor’s top 3 picks
Three quick recommendations before you dive into the full comparison below — each one leads on a different dimension.
FlipHTML5
PDF-to-flipbook conversion with template templates and publish-ready web embedding
Built for marketing teams needing fast flipbook creation from PDFs for web publishing.
Flipsnack
Interactive hotspot and link overlays inside flipping pages
Built for marketing and sales teams creating interactive flipbooks from PDFs.
Publuu
PDF-to-flipbook publishing with embed and viewer link sharing
Built for teams sharing PDF content as interactive flipbooks with basic analytics.
Related reading
Comparison Table
This comparison table evaluates Flipping Pages Software tools such as FlipHTML5, Flipsnack, Publuu, Issuu, and Yumpu using the features that determine publishing and viewing outcomes. It summarizes format support, customization depth, hosting and distribution options, embed behavior, and how each platform handles page flipping performance. Readers can use the side-by-side results to match a tool to their content type and delivery requirements without manually testing every option.
| # | Tool | Category | Overall | Features | Ease of Use | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FlipHTML5 FlipHTML5 publishes digital flipbooks with page turning effects, embed code, and viewer sharing for marketing and education content. | flipbook hosting | 9.1/10 | 8.9/10 | 9.3/10 | 9.2/10 |
| 2 | Flipsnack Flipsnack creates interactive digital flipbooks with templates, media embeds, and analytics for content marketing workflows. | interactive flipbooks | 8.8/10 | 8.8/10 | 8.5/10 | 9.0/10 |
| 3 | Publuu Publuu builds responsive, interactive flipbooks from PDF files and supports subscriptions, branding, and viewer tracking. | interactive publishing | 8.5/10 | 8.8/10 | 8.3/10 | 8.4/10 |
| 4 | Issuu Issuu hosts and distributes magazines and documents as digital publications with built-in reading experiences and audience reach. | digital publishing | 8.2/10 | 8.3/10 | 8.3/10 | 7.9/10 |
| 5 | Yumpu Yumpu turns PDFs into flipbook-style readers and supports embedding, sharing, and publication pages. | PDF to flipbook | 7.9/10 | 7.6/10 | 8.1/10 | 8.1/10 |
| 6 | FlippingBook FlippingBook converts PDFs into flipbooks with responsive design, hosting, and interaction features for documents. | flipbook publishing | 7.6/10 | 7.6/10 | 7.3/10 | 7.9/10 |
| 7 | anyflip Anyflip hosts page-flip documents created from uploads and provides an embedded viewer for sharing content online. | flipbook hosting | 7.3/10 | 7.3/10 | 7.2/10 | 7.4/10 |
| 8 | FlipCreator FlipCreator generates online flipbooks from PDFs and offers a viewer, embedding options, and basic customization. | flipbook maker | 7.0/10 | 7.3/10 | 6.9/10 | 6.7/10 |
| 9 | Joomag Joomag creates interactive digital publications with embedding, engagement tools, and analytics for document releases. | interactive publishing | 6.7/10 | 6.7/10 | 6.4/10 | 7.0/10 |
FlipHTML5 publishes digital flipbooks with page turning effects, embed code, and viewer sharing for marketing and education content.
Flipsnack creates interactive digital flipbooks with templates, media embeds, and analytics for content marketing workflows.
Publuu builds responsive, interactive flipbooks from PDF files and supports subscriptions, branding, and viewer tracking.
Issuu hosts and distributes magazines and documents as digital publications with built-in reading experiences and audience reach.
Yumpu turns PDFs into flipbook-style readers and supports embedding, sharing, and publication pages.
FlippingBook converts PDFs into flipbooks with responsive design, hosting, and interaction features for documents.
Anyflip hosts page-flip documents created from uploads and provides an embedded viewer for sharing content online.
FlipCreator generates online flipbooks from PDFs and offers a viewer, embedding options, and basic customization.
Joomag creates interactive digital publications with embedding, engagement tools, and analytics for document releases.
FlipHTML5
flipbook hostingFlipHTML5 publishes digital flipbooks with page turning effects, embed code, and viewer sharing for marketing and education content.
PDF-to-flipbook conversion with template templates and publish-ready web embedding
FlipHTML5 stands out for creating browser-based flipping pages from existing PDFs without requiring custom development. The editor supports page templates, responsive viewing, and embed-ready publications for web pages and blogs. Built-in sharing tools generate links for distribution and enable embedding in external sites. Export and hosting options focus on digital publishing workflows for catalogs, brochures, and documentation.
Pros
- Turns PDFs into interactive flipbook publications with a page-turn experience
- Provides template-based styling and layout controls for branded flipbooks
- Supports embedding and link sharing for quick distribution on websites
- Includes responsive viewing so flipbooks adapt to mobile screens
- Offers publication settings that improve discovery and reader usability
Cons
- Advanced interactivity may be limited compared with custom JavaScript builds
- Large media-heavy PDFs can increase file size and loading time
- Design customization depends on editor options rather than freeform layout control
- Managing complex multi-section publications can feel restrictive
- Offline viewing is not the primary workflow compared with hosted flipbooks
Best For
Marketing teams needing fast flipbook creation from PDFs for web publishing
Flipsnack
interactive flipbooksFlipsnack creates interactive digital flipbooks with templates, media embeds, and analytics for content marketing workflows.
Interactive hotspot and link overlays inside flipping pages
Flipsnack stands out for turning existing PDFs into interactive flipping page experiences with built-in engagement elements. The editor supports page-by-page customization, including adding hotspots, links, images, videos, and forms for trackable interactions. Publishing is geared toward embed and share workflows, including link-based distribution and iframe usage for websites. Collaboration features support review cycles and version control so teams can refine content before publishing.
Pros
- PDF to flipping-page conversion with consistent layout preservation
- Interactive elements include links, hotspots, and embedded media
- Publishing supports share links and website embeds via iframe
- Collaboration tools enable review workflows for shared assets
- Responsive player adapts to mobile and desktop viewing
Cons
- Complex layouts can require careful manual page adjustments
- Interactivity setup can feel limited for advanced branching
- Large media-heavy decks may increase load times
- Styling controls are less granular than full HTML editors
- Analytics coverage is more interaction-focused than deep attribution
Best For
Marketing and sales teams creating interactive flipbooks from PDFs
Publuu
interactive publishingPubluu builds responsive, interactive flipbooks from PDF files and supports subscriptions, branding, and viewer tracking.
PDF-to-flipbook publishing with embed and viewer link sharing
Publuu stands out with browser-based flipping experiences that turn PDFs into interactive, shareable flipbooks. The platform supports page-by-page viewing and embedding so flipbooks can be published to websites, shared via links, or accessed through mobile-friendly readers. Interactive elements like clickable links and media help convert static documents into navigable presentations for marketing and training. Analytics tracking adds feedback on how viewers engage with specific flipbooks and pages.
Pros
- Transforms PDFs into browser-ready flipping pages with fast viewing
- Embeds flipbooks on websites using shareable viewer links
- Supports interactivity with clickable elements and embedded media
- Provides engagement analytics for flipbook and page viewing
Cons
- Interactivity setup can feel limited for complex app-like experiences
- Customization options for branding and templates can be constrained
- Assets can become cumbersome when managing large flipbook libraries
Best For
Teams sharing PDF content as interactive flipbooks with basic analytics
Issuu
digital publishingIssuu hosts and distributes magazines and documents as digital publications with built-in reading experiences and audience reach.
Flipbook viewer with embeddable, shareable document pages
Issuu stands out by turning PDFs and other document uploads into web-embeddable, flipbook-style experiences with page-by-page navigation. Core capabilities include document hosting, viewer customization for branding, and distribution through share links and embeds. The platform supports analytics on view behavior and enables collection-style organization for catalogs and publications. Collaboration features support team publishing workflows for managing assets and releases.
Pros
- Flipbook viewer converts uploaded documents into interactive page experiences
- Web embeds make documents usable on websites without custom development
- Branding controls help maintain consistent publisher identity
- View analytics track engagement with hosted documents
Cons
- PDF-first workflow can limit precision for complex layouts
- Animations and media support can be less consistent across viewers
- Advanced viewer customization is constrained versus fully custom builds
Best For
Publishers and marketers distributing visual catalogs and reports
Yumpu
PDF to flipbookYumpu turns PDFs into flipbook-style readers and supports embedding, sharing, and publication pages.
PDF-to-flipbook rendering with web embedding and shareable viewer links
Yumpu focuses on turning PDF documents into interactive, shareable flipping-page experiences for web viewers. It supports page-by-page navigation with thumbnails and zoom controls, plus embed and share options for distributing documents without rewriting content. Document pages remain driven by the original PDF layout, which keeps publishing workflows familiar for teams already producing PDFs.
Pros
- Converts PDFs into flipbook-style web viewers with zoom and thumbnails
- Embeds flipping documents on external sites for consistent viewing
- Enables easy sharing with viewer links for distribution workflows
Cons
- Flipbook experience depends heavily on PDF structure and formatting
- Interactive controls are limited compared with full-featured ePublishing tools
- Advanced design customization is constrained to the flipbook viewer
Best For
Teams publishing PDF catalogs, reports, and brochures as flipbooks online
FlippingBook
flipbook publishingFlippingBook converts PDFs into flipbooks with responsive design, hosting, and interaction features for documents.
Interactive PDF-to-flipbook publishing with embed-ready viewer and engagement analytics
FlippingBook stands out for turning existing PDF content into interactive page-flip publications with responsive viewing. The platform supports embedding in websites, generating shareable links, and tracking reader engagement with built-in analytics. Conversion workflows prioritize preserving layout while adding viewing controls like zoom and page navigation. Publication management helps teams organize editions and keep assets updated across multiple documents.
Pros
- PDF to flipbook conversion preserves layouts for faster publishing
- Responsive viewer supports zoom, page navigation, and embed codes
- Built-in analytics show engagement metrics per publication
- Edition management streamlines updates across multiple documents
- Supports custom branding for consistent reader experience
Cons
- Interactivity depends on the provided template and viewer options
- Advanced authoring tools are limited compared to dedicated design suites
- Large libraries can feel cumbersome without strong organization filters
Best For
Teams publishing catalogs and manuals as polished interactive flipbooks
anyflip
flipbook hostingAnyflip hosts page-flip documents created from uploads and provides an embedded viewer for sharing content online.
Flipbook web embed with interactive reader controls like zoom and page thumbnails
Anyflip stands out for turning existing page-based documents into browser-ready flipbook experiences. It supports publishing interactive flipbooks with zoom, page thumbnails, and optional full-screen viewing. The service emphasizes lightweight viewing via a generated web embed and shareable reading pages. It also includes tools for managing book content and basic presentation settings for consistent reader navigation.
Pros
- Browser flipbook player built for document-like reading
- Zoom, thumbnail navigation, and full-screen viewing modes
- Embeds flipbooks for websites without building custom viewers
- Content management supports multiple page assets per book
Cons
- Limited evidence of advanced interaction beyond standard flipbook controls
- Customization for branding and UI can feel constrained
- File conversion may require repeated tuning for best layout
Best For
Marketing teams sharing catalog PDFs as interactive flipbooks
FlipCreator
flipbook makerFlipCreator generates online flipbooks from PDFs and offers a viewer, embedding options, and basic customization.
Interactive flipbook rendering with page-turn behavior from uploaded documents
FlipCreator focuses on turning static documents into interactive flipping pages with a publishing-ready output format. It supports building flipbooks by uploading files and configuring page settings for a realistic page-turn experience. The workflow emphasizes conversion speed and shareable results suitable for marketing and document viewing. It targets teams that want an easy path from source files to embeddable or distribution-ready flipbook content.
Pros
- Fast document-to-flipbook conversion for ready-to-share viewing
- Interactive page-turn experience improves engagement versus static PDFs
- Configurable page settings for tighter visual control
- Output works well for embedding and distributing flipbook content
Cons
- Limited depth of customization for advanced viewer experiences
- Complex layouts can require manual cleanup after conversion
- Navigation and UI controls feel basic compared to top-tier editors
Best For
Small teams creating marketing flipbooks and online document previews
Joomag
interactive publishingJoomag creates interactive digital publications with embedding, engagement tools, and analytics for document releases.
Flipbook builder with multimedia embedding and interactive hotspots
Joomag stands out for turning existing documents into interactive digital flipbooks with embedded multimedia and reader controls. The platform supports publishing workflows for web and app-style experiences, including tracking of viewer engagement. It also provides customization tools for branding and page layouts to keep publications consistent across releases. Collaboration features help teams manage production before publishing flipbooks to audiences.
Pros
- Interactive flipbook creation with multimedia embeds and clickable elements
- Built-in analytics for measuring viewer engagement and reading behavior
- Brandable templates to keep publications consistent across editions
- Publishing tools support website and shareable reader experiences
Cons
- Advanced customization can feel complex for simple brochure use
- Layout control is limited versus dedicated graphic design tools
- Complex interactivity may add production time for small teams
- Viewer tracking focuses on engagement, not deep content insights
Best For
Marketing teams publishing interactive catalogs, magazines, and reports with analytics
How to Choose the Right Flipping Pages Software
This buyer’s guide covers FlipHTML5, Flipsnack, Publuu, Issuu, Yumpu, FlippingBook, anyflip, FlipCreator, and Joomag for turning PDF content into web-embeddable flipbooks with interactive viewing. It focuses on the exact capabilities that show up in these tools, including PDF-to-flipbook conversion, embed and share workflows, and reader engagement analytics. Each section maps feature tradeoffs to specific tools so evaluation stays concrete across the top options.
What Is Flipping Pages Software?
Flipping pages software converts uploaded documents like PDFs into browser-based flipbook viewers with page navigation and a page-turn reading experience. These tools solve distribution problems by generating share links and embeddable viewers for websites and campaigns without custom development. Many platforms add viewer controls like zoom, thumbnails, and full-screen modes so a static PDF becomes easier to browse. FlipHTML5 and Flipsnack illustrate the category by turning PDFs into publish-ready web embedding with interactive page experiences and engagement elements.
Key Features to Look For
The right combination of features determines whether a flipbook ships quickly, stays usable on mobile, and captures the engagement signals a team actually needs.
PDF-to-flipbook conversion with publish-ready web embedding
Fast conversion from existing PDFs matters because most teams already own catalogs, brochures, and manuals in PDF form. FlipHTML5 excels at PDF-to-flipbook conversion with template-based styling and publish-ready web embedding, while Publuu also emphasizes PDF-to-flipbook publishing with embed-ready viewer access.
Interactive hotspots, links, and embedded media on pages
Interactive overlays help transform passive reading into trackable engagement. Flipsnack stands out with interactive hotspot and link overlays inside flipping pages, while Joomag adds multimedia embedding plus clickable elements for interactive catalogs and releases.
Viewer embeds and share links for website distribution
Embed and sharing workflows matter when flipbooks must live directly on landing pages and product sites. Issuu and Yumpu both provide web embeds and shareable viewer links, while anyflip focuses on an embedded flipbook player with zoom and thumbnail navigation.
Responsive viewing for mobile and desktop readers
Responsive players reduce friction on mobile screens without forcing a separate publication format. FlipHTML5 provides responsive viewing so flipbooks adapt to mobile, and Flipsnack also ships a responsive player that works across mobile and desktop.
Engagement analytics tied to publications and readers
Analytics matter when teams need evidence that flipbooks drive attention beyond simple views. FlippingBook includes built-in analytics for reader engagement metrics per publication, while Publuu provides engagement analytics for flipbook and page viewing.
Collaboration and edition management for production workflows
Team workflows matter when multiple people manage revisions, releases, and multi-document libraries. Flipsnack supports collaboration with review cycles and version control, while FlippingBook provides edition management to streamline updates across multiple documents.
How to Choose the Right Flipping Pages Software
A practical selection framework matches a tool’s creation workflow to the flipbook interactivity depth, distribution method, and analytics depth required for the project.
Start from the distribution goal: embed, share link, or hosted viewer
If the flipbook must appear on a website with minimal build work, prioritize embed-ready tools like FlipHTML5, Issuu, and Yumpu. If the main goal is fast distribution through links plus a website-ready player, Publuu and anyflip focus on shareable viewer links and embedded viewing. Teams doing interactive marketing pages should also verify whether iframe embeds and publish-ready viewer outputs are part of the core workflow in Flipsnack.
Decide how interactive the flipbook must be
If pages need hotspots, clickable links, and embedded media overlays, Flipsnack and Joomag provide built-in interactive elements. If interactivity stays lightweight and primarily involves clickable links and media, Publuu supports clickable elements and embedded media while keeping the setup more straightforward.
Validate the reader experience controls for browsing and accessibility
For teams that require thumbnail navigation, zoom controls, and full-screen viewing, anyflip and Yumpu emphasize zoom and thumbnails. FlipHTML5 focuses on page-turn experience with responsive viewing, while FlippingBook adds a responsive viewer with zoom and page navigation controls for a polished reading experience.
Confirm the analytics depth needed for proof of engagement
When engagement reporting is required per publication, FlippingBook delivers built-in analytics for engagement metrics. When page-level engagement signals matter, Publuu provides analytics for flipbook and page viewing, and Issuu tracks view analytics on hosted documents.
Match the publishing workflow to team operations and multi-document needs
If multiple contributors need review cycles and version control, Flipsnack supports collaboration before publishing. If the same brand needs consistent updates across editions, FlippingBook’s edition management helps keep multiple publications aligned, while Issuu supports collaboration features for publishing workflows and releases.
Who Needs Flipping Pages Software?
Flipping pages software fits teams that already publish PDFs and want a browser-friendly flipbook experience for campaigns, documentation, and catalog-style distribution.
Marketing teams needing fast PDF-to-web flipbooks with embed publishing
FlipHTML5 excels for marketing teams that must convert existing PDFs into interactive flipbooks quickly and publish them on the web with embedding support. anyflip also fits marketing teams that want a lightweight embedded flipbook player with zoom and thumbnail navigation for catalog sharing.
Marketing and sales teams building interactive flipbooks with clickable experiences
Flipsnack is the strongest fit for sales teams that need hotspot and link overlays directly inside the flipping pages. Joomag also suits marketing teams that want multimedia embedding plus interactive hotspots with engagement tracking.
Teams sharing PDF content with basic engagement analytics and straightforward embeds
Publuu suits teams that want browser-ready flipping pages with embed support and engagement analytics for flipbooks and pages. Yumpu supports online publishing for PDF catalogs, reports, and brochures with embedding and shareable viewer links.
Publishers and teams distributing visual catalogs and reports at scale
Issuu fits publishers distributing visual catalogs and reports through an embeddable flipbook viewer with branding controls and view analytics. FlippingBook fits teams publishing catalogs and manuals that require responsive viewing plus edition management for updating multiple documents.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
These pitfalls repeatedly affect outcomes because they conflict with how flipbook rendering, interactivity overlays, and customization limits behave across tools.
Overestimating advanced authoring flexibility inside the flipbook editor
Teams that expect freeform layout control and deeply custom interaction patterns should avoid assuming FlipHTML5 or Flipsnack will match custom JavaScript builds. FlipHTML5 limits advanced interactivity compared with fully custom HTML approaches, and FlippingBook also keeps authoring tools more template-based and viewer-driven.
Publishing overly media-heavy PDFs without accounting for load time impact
Teams with large, media-heavy documents should recognize that multiple tools can increase file size and loading time when decks are large. FlipHTML5 and Flipsnack both call out larger media-heavy PDFs as a contributor to increased loading and file size.
Underplanning interactivity setup for complex layouts
Teams that need complex interactive branching or highly custom overlays can find hotspot placement work takes time and can require manual adjustments. Flipsnack’s setup can feel limited for advanced branching and complex layouts can require careful manual page adjustments, while Joomag’s layout control can be limited versus dedicated graphic design tools.
Expecting deep analytics and content insights from engagement metrics alone
Teams that need content-level attribution beyond engagement signals should not treat viewer tracking as a full measurement system. Joomag’s tracking focuses on engagement and reading behavior rather than deep content insights, while Publuu’s analytics target flipbook and page viewing interactions.
How We Selected and Ranked These Tools
We evaluated every tool on three sub-dimensions. Features received a weight of 0.4, ease of use received a weight of 0.3, and value received a weight of 0.3. The overall rating is computed as overall = 0.40 × features + 0.30 × ease of use + 0.30 × value. FlipHTML5 separated itself from lower-ranked tools by pairing high ease of use for PDF-to-flipbook conversion with publish-ready web embedding and responsive viewing, which directly supports faster marketing publishing workflows.
Frequently Asked Questions About Flipping Pages Software
Which flipping pages tool converts existing PDFs into web-embeddable flipbooks with the least setup?
FlipHTML5 converts PDFs into browser-based flipbooks without custom development, and it includes built-in embedding and sharing outputs. Yumpu and anyflip also preserve the original PDF layout and publish flipbooks via viewer links and embeds.
Which tool adds interactive hotspots and engagement overlays inside the flipping pages?
Flipsnack is built for page-by-page customization with hotspots, links, images, videos, and forms placed directly on flipbook pages. Joomag also supports embedded multimedia and interactive reader controls for similar content-overlay experiences.
Which platforms provide analytics on how viewers interact with specific flipbooks or pages?
Publuu includes analytics that track engagement at the flipbook and page level. FlippingBook and Issuu also provide viewer engagement analytics tied to document viewing behavior.
What’s the best option for teams that need collaboration and review cycles before publishing?
Flipsnack supports collaboration features designed for review cycles and version control so teams can refine content before publishing. Issuu also supports team publishing workflows for managing assets and releases.
Which flipping pages software best fits embed-first distribution to websites using iframes or share links?
Flipsnack targets embed and share workflows, including iframe usage for websites. Issuu, Yumpu, and FlippingBook also publish documents through share links and embeddable viewers with page navigation.
Which tool is strongest for preserving a catalog or report layout while adding navigation controls like zoom and thumbnails?
Yumpu focuses on PDF-to-flipbook rendering that preserves the original layout while providing thumbnails, zoom controls, and page navigation. FlippingBook and FlipHTML5 also emphasize layout preservation while adding responsive viewing and navigation controls.
Which option supports organizing multiple publications and keeping editions updated?
FlippingBook includes publication management to organize editions and keep assets updated across multiple documents. Issuu similarly supports collection-style organization for catalogs and publications with hosting and release workflows.
Which tool fits marketing teams that need fast creation from source files with realistic page-turn behavior?
FlipCreator emphasizes conversion speed from uploaded files and configures page settings for realistic page-turn behavior. anyflip also generates lightweight browser embeds with zoom and page thumbnails for rapid sharing of catalog-style documents.
Which platforms offer viewer branding controls for a consistent look across published documents?
Issuu provides viewer customization for branding on its flipbook-style reader. Flipsnack and Joomag both support layout and presentation customization, with Joomag focused on consistent page layouts across releases.
Conclusion
After evaluating 9 technology digital media, FlipHTML5 stands out as our overall top pick — it scored highest across our combined criteria of features, ease of use, and value, which is why it sits at #1 in the rankings above.
Use the comparison table and detailed reviews above to validate the fit against your own requirements before committing to a tool.
Tools reviewed
Referenced in the comparison table and product reviews above.
Keep exploring
Comparing two specific tools?
Software Alternatives
See head-to-head software comparisons with feature breakdowns, pricing, and our recommendation for each use case.
Explore software alternatives→In this category
Technology Digital Media alternatives
See side-by-side comparisons of technology digital media tools and pick the right one for your stack.
Compare technology digital media tools→FOR SOFTWARE VENDORS
Not on this list? Let’s fix that.
Our best-of pages are how many teams discover and compare tools in this space. If you think your product belongs in this lineup, we’d like to hear from you—we’ll walk you through fit and what an editorial entry looks like.
Apply for a ListingWHAT THIS INCLUDES
Where buyers compare
Readers come to these pages to shortlist software—your product shows up in that moment, not in a random sidebar.
Editorial write-up
We describe your product in our own words and check the facts before anything goes live.
On-page brand presence
You appear in the roundup the same way as other tools we cover: name, positioning, and a clear next step for readers who want to learn more.
Kept up to date
We refresh lists on a regular rhythm so the category page stays useful as products and pricing change.