Quick Overview
- 1#1: Clio - Cloud-based legal practice management software that streamlines case management, document storage, client communication, billing, and trust accounting.
- 2#2: PracticePanther - All-in-one legal case management platform for tracking cases, tasks, time, expenses, invoicing, and client portals.
- 3#3: MyCase - Comprehensive legal management software handling case files, calendars, billing, payments, and secure client portals.
- 4#4: Smokeball - AI-powered legal case management tool that automates workflows, document assembly, and matter organization for law firms.
- 5#5: Filevine - Powerful case management platform for legal, insurance, and investigative teams to organize files, track tasks, and collaborate securely.
- 6#6: Rocket Matter - Cloud legal practice management software for case tracking, time tracking, billing, and integrated email management.
- 7#7: AbacusLaw - Integrated legal management system for case files, accounting, client intake, and firm-wide productivity tools.
- 8#8: LEAP - Cloud-based legal practice and case management software automating workflows, document management, and compliance.
- 9#9: Actionstep - Customizable workflow automation platform for legal case management, task tracking, and client relationship management.
- 10#10: CaseFox - Affordable legal billing and case management software for tracking cases, expenses, time, and generating invoices.
We selected and ranked these tools by evaluating core features (case tracking, document security, automation), operational quality (reliability, integration options), ease of use (intuitive interfaces, onboarding support), and overall value (cost-effectiveness, scalability to firm needs).
Comparison Table
This comparison table benchmarks case file management software across tools such as NetDocuments, iManage Work, OpenText Content Suite, DocuWare, and CASEpeer. You can compare core capabilities like document and matter organization, search and retrieval, security controls, workflow automation, and integration support. Use the results to match each platform’s features and deployment approach to the way your organization manages case files.
| # | Tool | Category | Overall | Features | Ease of Use | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | NetDocuments NetDocuments is an enterprise case file and content management platform that organizes matter workspaces, securely stores documents, and supports audit trails and policy controls for regulated case workflows. | enterprise DMS | 9.2/10 | 9.4/10 | 8.0/10 | 8.3/10 |
| 2 | iManage Work iManage Work provides matter-based document management for legal teams with advanced search, permission controls, versioning, and compliance-ready governance features for case file handling. | legal DMS | 8.7/10 | 9.1/10 | 7.6/10 | 8.0/10 |
| 3 | OpenText Content Suite OpenText Content Suite manages case records and document content with enterprise security, retention controls, and workflow capabilities for structured case file management. | enterprise ECM | 8.1/10 | 9.0/10 | 7.1/10 | 7.8/10 |
| 4 | DocuWare DocuWare automates intake and case file document workflows using indexing, permissions, retention options, and audit trails to support investigations and case processing. | workflow DMS | 7.8/10 | 8.6/10 | 6.9/10 | 7.5/10 |
| 5 | CASEpeer CASEpeer is a cloud case management platform that centralizes case documents, timelines, and team collaboration with controls designed for case file organization. | case management | 7.2/10 | 8.0/10 | 6.9/10 | 7.4/10 |
| 6 | Filevine Filevine coordinates case files with configurable workflows, document management, and structured data capture to support case teams from intake through resolution. | case CRM | 8.2/10 | 9.1/10 | 7.6/10 | 7.8/10 |
| 7 | Clio Clio combines practice management with case-oriented documents, tasks, and collaboration features to help legal teams maintain organized case files. | legal case suite | 8.1/10 | 8.6/10 | 7.9/10 | 7.4/10 |
| 8 | Legal Files Legal Files delivers legal case and document management with matter records, workflow tools, and permissions to structure case files for firms. | legal case management | 7.6/10 | 7.4/10 | 7.8/10 | 7.3/10 |
| 9 | Paperflite Paperflite is a digital evidence and case file management system that stores and organizes case documents with search, indexing, and role-based access controls. | evidence management | 6.8/10 | 7.1/10 | 7.0/10 | 6.3/10 |
| 10 | TrialWorks TrialWorks supports evidence and case document organization with collaborative review tools that help teams manage case files for litigation preparation. | evidence workspace | 6.8/10 | 7.0/10 | 6.4/10 | 6.6/10 |
NetDocuments is an enterprise case file and content management platform that organizes matter workspaces, securely stores documents, and supports audit trails and policy controls for regulated case workflows.
iManage Work provides matter-based document management for legal teams with advanced search, permission controls, versioning, and compliance-ready governance features for case file handling.
OpenText Content Suite manages case records and document content with enterprise security, retention controls, and workflow capabilities for structured case file management.
DocuWare automates intake and case file document workflows using indexing, permissions, retention options, and audit trails to support investigations and case processing.
CASEpeer is a cloud case management platform that centralizes case documents, timelines, and team collaboration with controls designed for case file organization.
Filevine coordinates case files with configurable workflows, document management, and structured data capture to support case teams from intake through resolution.
Clio combines practice management with case-oriented documents, tasks, and collaboration features to help legal teams maintain organized case files.
Legal Files delivers legal case and document management with matter records, workflow tools, and permissions to structure case files for firms.
Paperflite is a digital evidence and case file management system that stores and organizes case documents with search, indexing, and role-based access controls.
TrialWorks supports evidence and case document organization with collaborative review tools that help teams manage case files for litigation preparation.
NetDocuments
enterprise DMSNetDocuments is an enterprise case file and content management platform that organizes matter workspaces, securely stores documents, and supports audit trails and policy controls for regulated case workflows.
Legal hold and defensible deletion controls tied to retention and case documents
NetDocuments stands out for combining matter-centric document management with strong governance controls and rapid search. It supports records retention, legal holds, and audit-ready workflows across active cases and archived content. Case files stay structured through folders, metadata, permissions, and document-level security. Administrators can enforce templates and standardized capture to reduce variation across teams and matters.
Pros
- Robust records retention and legal hold features for compliant case management
- Fast, powerful search across documents with metadata and permissions awareness
- Granular permissions and matter structure support secure collaboration and review
- Strong audit trails for defensible governance across case files
Cons
- User setup and taxonomy design require careful planning to avoid friction
- Advanced workflows can feel complex without administrator guidance
- Cost can be high for smaller firms needing only basic case storage
- Some interface actions move through multiple steps versus lightweight tools
Best For
Law firms needing governed case files, retention, and defensible audit trails
iManage Work
legal DMSiManage Work provides matter-based document management for legal teams with advanced search, permission controls, versioning, and compliance-ready governance features for case file handling.
Matter and document retention controls with audit trails and governed workspaces
iManage Work stands out for enterprise-grade case and document management built around governed workspaces and fine-grained security. It supports matter-centric filing with configurable metadata, work queues, and version control that track edits across complex teams. The platform emphasizes compliance and auditability with retention controls and eDiscovery-oriented search across large document sets.
Pros
- Matter-centric organization with configurable metadata and controlled workflows
- Strong security model with role-based access and audit trails
- Robust search across large repositories with document version history
Cons
- Setup and administration require experienced IT and legal operations support
- User experience can feel heavy with many controls and configurable settings
- Integrations and automation depend on configuration and partner implementations
Best For
Law firms and corporate legal teams managing governed matters at scale
OpenText Content Suite
enterprise ECMOpenText Content Suite manages case records and document content with enterprise security, retention controls, and workflow capabilities for structured case file management.
Records management and retention policies integrated with secure content handling
OpenText Content Suite stands out for enterprise-grade document and records management with strong governance controls. For case file management, it organizes case documents, metadata, and retention policies in a structured content repository and supports workflows for routing and approvals. It also integrates with enterprise systems and search to help investigators and compliance teams locate case artifacts quickly across repositories. The solution can be powerful for complex case processes, but implementation and configuration tend to require experienced administrators.
Pros
- Strong document and records governance with retention and security controls
- Robust metadata modeling for consistent case file organization
- Enterprise search supports fast retrieval of distributed case documents
Cons
- Setup and customization can be heavy for case-specific requirements
- User experience can feel complex for high-volume operational case workers
- Workflow tuning often needs admin expertise and iterative configuration
Best For
Large enterprises needing governed case files with retention and compliance workflows
DocuWare
workflow DMSDocuWare automates intake and case file document workflows using indexing, permissions, retention options, and audit trails to support investigations and case processing.
Workflow automation with configurable document routing tied to indexed case metadata
DocuWare stands out for end-to-end case file handling across capture, storage, retrieval, and workflow automation. It centralizes document indexing, search, retention, and versioned document storage for regulated case work. Strong connectivity supports integrating records and workflows across departments and systems. Its case management experience depends heavily on configuring templates, workflows, and index rules to fit each jurisdiction’s process.
Pros
- Enterprise-grade document capture with indexing for case file consistency
- Workflow automation supports approval, routing, and task assignments
- Advanced search and retrieval across large document repositories
- Retention and governance features fit compliance-heavy case handling
- Integration options support connecting case processes to existing systems
Cons
- Configuration workload is high for teams without process-design support
- Usability can feel complex due to indexing and workflow setup depth
- Licensing and module choices can raise total cost for narrow needs
- Out-of-the-box case templates may not match every legal workflow
Best For
Organizations building configurable case workflows over document-centric records
CASEpeer
case managementCASEpeer is a cloud case management platform that centralizes case documents, timelines, and team collaboration with controls designed for case file organization.
Case timeline that links activities and documents to a single case record
CASEpeer centers case file handling around a structured case timeline with role-based access controls. It provides document organization, case status workflows, and searchable case data in one workspace. The platform supports collaboration through comments and shared case activities tied to specific records.
Pros
- Timeline-style case records keep activity history easy to review
- Role-based permissions support controlled sharing across teams
- Searchable case data helps find documents and updates quickly
Cons
- Workflow configuration can feel heavy for small teams
- Limited visibility into cross-case analytics compared to top suites
- Document handling feels less robust than dedicated DMS tools
Best For
Teams managing litigation or investigations needing timeline-driven case organization
Filevine
case CRMFilevine coordinates case files with configurable workflows, document management, and structured data capture to support case teams from intake through resolution.
Workflow Automation with configurable rules to route tasks and update case statuses
Filevine distinguishes itself with configurable case workflows built for legal and case-centric operations. It centralizes matter activity in a case file, connecting documents, tasks, events, and permissions in one workspace. It also supports automation with rules and templates to reduce repetitive intake, routing, and status updates. The platform emphasizes collaboration and auditability through role-based access and activity tracking.
Pros
- Highly configurable case workflows with automation for intake and task routing
- Centralized matter workspace links documents, tasks, and activity history
- Role-based permissions support controlled collaboration across teams
- Audit-friendly activity tracking helps with defensibility and oversight
- Built for legal and case management workflows instead of generic document storage
Cons
- Advanced configuration can require planning and admin support
- Automation setup is less straightforward than simple form-based systems
- Cost can climb quickly with multiple teams and high usage
- Reporting depth can feel complex without workflow discipline
- Some users may need onboarding to fully leverage customization
Best For
Legal teams needing configurable case workflows and strong audit trails
Clio
legal case suiteClio combines practice management with case-oriented documents, tasks, and collaboration features to help legal teams maintain organized case files.
Matter dashboards and automation that connect intake, tasks, documents, and billing in one workflow
Clio stands out for unifying case management with legal billing, built specifically for law firms that run matters end to end. Its case file workspace supports organized contacts, tasks, events, documents, and time tracking linked to matters. The system includes intake and automation tools that reduce manual steps for common workflows like conflict checks and matter creation. Collaboration features let teams share matter context and keep activity history in one place.
Pros
- Matter-based case file organization with tasks, events, and document management
- Time tracking and billing records stay tied to the same matter context
- Workflow automation for intake and matter creation reduces repetitive admin work
- Team collaboration tools and activity history keep records audit-friendly
Cons
- Advanced automation and reporting often require configuration work by admins
- Project and case views can feel complex for smaller teams with simple workflows
- Costs rise quickly when you add multiple users and firmwide modules
Best For
Law firms managing case files with integrated billing and workflow automation
Legal Files
legal case managementLegal Files delivers legal case and document management with matter records, workflow tools, and permissions to structure case files for firms.
Matter-centric document management with searchable case-level organization
Legal Files centers case-document organization with structured matter folders and file metadata so case work stays searchable. It supports intake, matter management, and ongoing case file updates with audit-friendly record keeping. The system focuses on practical office workflows such as document storage, version control via revisions, and staff-access boundaries.
Pros
- Structured matter folders keep case documents consistently organized
- Searchable metadata improves retrieval across large case libraries
- Role-based access helps restrict sensitive files by user
Cons
- Automation and workflow templates feel limited compared with top platforms
- Advanced reporting and analytics are not as deep as leading case systems
- UI navigation can be slower when managing many concurrent matters
Best For
Law firms needing basic case file organization and controlled document access
Paperflite
evidence managementPaperflite is a digital evidence and case file management system that stores and organizes case documents with search, indexing, and role-based access controls.
AI-assisted case timelines that link documents and events within a matter
Paperflite stands out with its AI-assisted case timeline and document linking for law firms that manage matters through large document sets. It centralizes case files with search across content, supports role-based access, and tracks activity through matter workflows. The system emphasizes audit-friendly organization with versioning-style control and structured metadata to reduce manual indexing. Best fit is firms that want faster case assembly and review rather than just static storage.
Pros
- AI timeline helps assemble matter histories faster than manual chronology
- Document linking ties evidence to events inside a single case context
- Strong search across matter content reduces time spent on retrieval
- Role-based access supports controlled sharing across case teams
Cons
- Case workflow depth feels limited versus purpose-built legal practice platforms
- AI-assisted features can require setup to match your firms taxonomy
- Reporting customization is not as granular as top enterprise DMS tools
Best For
Legal teams needing AI timelines and linked case documentation
TrialWorks
evidence workspaceTrialWorks supports evidence and case document organization with collaborative review tools that help teams manage case files for litigation preparation.
Matter timeline and deadline tracking tied to each case workflow stage
TrialWorks stands out with case-centric automation built around intake, deadlines, and attorney workflows rather than generic CRM task tracking. It provides case files, document storage, timeline management, and structured matter pipelines for tracking work from assignment to resolution. The system emphasizes collaboration across staff roles with internal notes and activity history tied to each case. Reporting focuses on operational status like workload and case stage rather than deep analytics for litigation outcomes.
Pros
- Case timelines link tasks and deadlines to matter stages
- Document handling keeps evidence and filings organized per case
- Workflow structure supports repeatable intake to resolution paths
Cons
- Setup for custom workflows can feel heavy for smaller teams
- Reporting is more operational than outcome analytics
- File organization depends on disciplined templates and naming
Best For
Law firms needing structured case workflows, deadlines, and shared files
Conclusion
NetDocuments ranks first because it couples governed matter workspaces with legal hold and defensible deletion controls tied to retention and document records. iManage Work is the best alternative for organizations that need matter-based document management at scale with strong permissioning, versioning, and audit trails. OpenText Content Suite fits large enterprises that want case record handling integrated with retention policies and compliance workflows. Together, these three cover the core requirements for case file management: governance, retention control, and traceable access.
Try NetDocuments to manage governed case files with legal hold and defensible deletion.
How to Choose the Right Case File Management Software
This buyer’s guide helps you choose case file management software by mapping case-document governance, workflow automation, and matter-centric organization to real tool capabilities. It covers NetDocuments, iManage Work, OpenText Content Suite, DocuWare, CASEpeer, Filevine, Clio, Legal Files, Paperflite, and TrialWorks. Use it to shortlist a solution that matches your case workload and compliance demands.
What Is Case File Management Software?
Case file management software is a system that organizes case work around a matter or case record, then stores and retrieves documents with controlled access and searchable metadata. It solves problems like inconsistent filing, weak governance for retention and legal holds, and slow discovery when teams need specific evidence or filings. Tools like NetDocuments and iManage Work build governed matter workspaces with audit trails and retention controls for compliant case workflows. Platforms like Filevine and DocuWare also add configurable intake, routing, and workflow automation tied to structured case data and document indexing.
Key Features to Look For
These features determine whether your case files remain defensible, searchable, and operationally usable under real workflows.
Legal holds and defensible deletion tied to retention
NetDocuments includes legal hold and defensible deletion controls connected to retention and case documents, which supports defensible governance for regulated matters. OpenText Content Suite integrates records management and retention policies with secure content handling to keep retention behavior consistent across case artifacts.
Matter-centric workspaces with governed permissions and audit trails
iManage Work organizes work around governed workspaces with fine-grained security and audit trails that support compliance-ready case handling. NetDocuments also provides granular permissions and strong audit trails tied to matter structure and document-level security.
Retention controls plus governed workspaces for large document sets
iManage Work emphasizes matter and document retention controls with auditability and search designed for large repositories. OpenText Content Suite supports retention and workflow controls in a structured content repository that helps compliance and investigators locate case artifacts quickly.
Workflow automation with routing based on indexed case metadata
DocuWare automates intake and case workflows using indexing, permissions, retention options, and routing that relies on indexed case metadata. Filevine provides configurable rules that route tasks and update case statuses while keeping a centralized case workspace that links documents, tasks, and activity history.
Case timelines that link events, activities, and documents
CASEpeer uses a timeline-style case record that links activities and documents to a single case item, which makes chronology easy to review. TrialWorks also ties timelines and deadlines to each case workflow stage so case work stays organized around operational progress.
AI-assisted case assembly and linked evidence
Paperflite delivers an AI-assisted case timeline and document linking so evidence connects to events inside a matter context. NetDocuments and iManage Work focus more on governed storage and defensible search, which matters when AI is not the primary requirement for your case file retrieval workflow.
How to Choose the Right Case File Management Software
Pick the tool that matches your case structure, governance requirements, and workflow complexity first, then verify search and usability against daily filing behavior.
Start with your governance and defensibility needs
If your cases require legal hold and defensible deletion behavior tied to retention, prioritize NetDocuments because it provides legal hold and defensible deletion controls tied to retention and case documents. If you need enterprise retention policies integrated into secure records handling, OpenText Content Suite connects retention policies with secure content handling and governance workflows.
Match matter organization and permissions to your collaboration model
If your team needs governed workspaces with fine-grained security and audit trails, iManage Work is built around governed matter and document controls. NetDocuments also supports granular permissions and matter structure with document-level security so controlled collaboration works across active and archived case content.
Choose workflow automation depth based on how your case work actually runs
If your intake and approvals depend on document indexing and routing rules, DocuWare is designed for configurable document workflows with indexing and workflow automation. If your cases rely on structured events and tasks that update as work progresses, Filevine supports configurable case workflows with automation rules that route tasks and update case statuses.
Pick the user experience that your staff will follow under volume
If your staff needs a timeline view that keeps activity history and document context together, CASEpeer’s timeline-based case records and TrialWorks’ matter timelines reduce the friction of reconstructing case history. If you need law-firm oriented case management tied to billing and intake automation, Clio connects matter dashboards and automation to tasks, documents, and billing context.
Validate search and retrieval against your document library reality
If your case files are large and retrieval must respect metadata and permissions, NetDocuments and iManage Work focus on fast search across documents with metadata and permission awareness. If your evidence workflow benefits from linked chronology, Paperflite combines search with AI-assisted timelines and document linking to speed case assembly and review.
Who Needs Case File Management Software?
Case file management software benefits teams that must keep documents organized per matter while enforcing governance and supporting repeatable case workflows.
Law firms with regulated matters that require defensible retention and legal holds
NetDocuments is the best fit when your compliance work depends on legal hold and defensible deletion controls tied to retention and case documents. OpenText Content Suite also suits large enterprises that need records management and retention policies integrated with secure content handling.
Law firms and corporate legal teams managing governed matters at scale
iManage Work fits teams that need matter-centric workspaces with fine-grained security, document version history, and audit trails across large repositories. iManage Work also emphasizes retention controls and eDiscovery-oriented search that supports scale.
Organizations building configurable document-centric case workflows over indexed records
DocuWare is designed for end-to-end case file handling across capture, storage, retrieval, and workflow automation that relies on indexing and document routing. Filevine is a strong choice when your workflows include configurable intake rules and task routing that continuously update case status.
Litigation teams that need timeline-driven case organization and linked evidence
CASEpeer supports litigation and investigation work through a timeline that links activities and documents to a single case record. TrialWorks complements this style with matter stage timelines, deadline tracking, and collaborative review tied to each case workflow stage.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
These missteps show up repeatedly when teams pick tools that do not match how case work is governed, indexed, and performed day-to-day.
Underestimating taxonomy and setup effort for governed filing
NetDocuments and iManage Work both require careful setup for taxonomy design and configuration so metadata capture and permissions behave predictably. OpenText Content Suite and DocuWare also involve heavy implementation and workflow tuning where admin expertise reduces friction.
Choosing workflow automation without a real process-design plan
DocuWare can become complex when indexing and workflow templates are not aligned to jurisdiction-specific processes. Filevine can also require workflow discipline because automation setup and advanced configuration need planning and admin support.
Relying on timeline views while ignoring document-handling depth
CASEpeer focuses on timeline and collaboration while document handling is less robust than dedicated DMS tools, which can break workflows that depend on strong document governance. Paperflite provides AI timelines and linking but case workflow depth feels limited versus purpose-built legal practice platforms when you need deeper structured case workflows.
Expecting deep analytics and reporting without committing to workflow discipline
TrialWorks reporting focuses on operational status like workload and case stage rather than deep outcome analytics, so litigation outcome reporting needs separate processes. Filevine reporting can feel complex without disciplined workflow setup, which affects how teams interpret activity and status data.
How We Selected and Ranked These Tools
We evaluated NetDocuments, iManage Work, OpenText Content Suite, DocuWare, CASEpeer, Filevine, Clio, Legal Files, Paperflite, and TrialWorks across overall capability, features depth, ease of use, and value. We prioritized solutions that connect matter-centric organization to governance behaviors like retention, legal holds, audit trails, and defensible deletion controls. NetDocuments separated itself for governed case file handling because legal hold and defensible deletion controls are tied to retention and case documents while search remains fast and metadata-aware. We placed tools with strong timeline or workflow strengths lower when their governance depth or configuration simplicity did not match the highest-governance requirements across the other tools.
Frequently Asked Questions About Case File Management Software
How do NetDocuments and iManage Work keep case files defensible during retention and legal holds?
NetDocuments ties retention and legal holds to case documents and governs deletion through defensible controls tied to the record set. iManage Work uses governed workspaces with retention controls and audit trails so document and matter histories remain traceable.
What tool is best for handling case file routing and approvals with configurable workflows?
DocuWare supports end-to-end case file handling with workflow automation across capture, indexing, routing, approvals, and retention. Filevine also builds configurable rules that connect intake, tasks, events, permissions, and status updates in the case file workspace.
Which platform is strongest for timeline-driven case organization and linking documents to events?
CASEpeer organizes case files around a structured case timeline and links activities and documents to case records with searchable case data. Paperflite adds AI-assisted case timeline views that link documents and events to matter context for faster review assembly.
When teams need fine-grained security and audit-ready search across large repositories, how do iManage Work and OpenText Content Suite compare?
iManage Work focuses on governed workspaces with fine-grained security, version control, and auditability with eDiscovery-oriented search across large document sets. OpenText Content Suite provides enterprise records management with retention policies and secure content handling, plus search to locate case artifacts across repositories.
What are the key workflow capabilities in Filevine versus TrialWorks for managing deadlines and operational stages?
Filevine centers matter activity in a case file and uses rules and templates to automate repetitive intake, routing, and status changes with role-based access and activity tracking. TrialWorks emphasizes case-centric automation using intake, deadlines, timeline management, and matter pipelines that track work from assignment to resolution by stage.
If you need document-level governance inside a case file, which systems support structured metadata, permissions, and templates?
NetDocuments maintains structure through folders, metadata, permissions, and document-level security with administrator-enforced templates for standardized capture. iManage Work provides configurable metadata, governed workspaces, and version control that tracks edits across complex teams and matters.
Which tools focus on building case file workflows by connecting documents, tasks, and events in one place?
Filevine connects documents, tasks, events, and permissions inside one case file workspace with automation rules that update case status. Clio links documents, tasks, events, contacts, and time tracking to matters in a single end-to-end workflow for case management.
Which platform is most suitable for investigators or compliance teams that need to find case artifacts quickly across enterprise systems?
OpenText Content Suite is designed for enterprise-grade records management with structured repositories, retention policies, routing and approval workflows, and integrated search across secure content stores. NetDocuments also supports rapid search plus legal hold and retention controls across active cases and archived content.
What common implementation challenge should teams expect with OpenText Content Suite compared with more document-centric systems like NetDocuments and Legal Files?
OpenText Content Suite can require experienced administrators because routing, approvals, and workflow configuration depend on repository setup and governance tuning. NetDocuments and Legal Files emphasize matter-centric organization with structured metadata and searchable matter folders, which typically reduces the amount of bespoke workflow engineering needed for basic case file storage and control.
Tools Reviewed
All tools were independently evaluated for this comparison
Referenced in the comparison table and product reviews above.